captain

2.6/captain.adept is an API for doing basic 2D graphics.

This file is only supported on Windows, MacOS, and x86_64-ELF GNU-Linux.

Overview

Smallest App

This app creates an empty window with no title.

import captain

func main {
    captStart()
}

Example App

This app loads a texture sprite.png and draws it where the mouse cursor is.

pragma compiler_version '2.5'

import where
import basics
import captain

struct GlobalApplicationData (
    sprite CaptTexture,
    target_x float,
    target_y float
)
globals GlobalApplicationData

func main {
    // Configure Window
    captAlwaysOnTop(true)
    
    // Hook Callbacks
    captOnSetup(func &onSetup)
    captOnExit(func &onExit)
    captOnStep(func &onStep)
    captOnDraw(func &onDraw)
    
    // Start main application loop
    captStart('My Window Title', 640, 480, /*fullscreen*/ false)
}

func onSetup {
    // (Called before first iteration of main application loop)

    // Load texture from "sprite.png" in the current directory
    // NOTE!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

    // For small pixel art,     using 'captTexture(filename, false)' is better
    // For large non-pixel art, using 'captTexture(filename, true) ' is better
    // We'll assume 'sprite.png' is pixel art, so we'll disable smooth blending with 'false'

    globals.sprite = captTexture(where() + "sprite.png", /*true == smooth blending, false == nearest pixel*/ false)
    
    // Show an error message if the texture couldn't be loaded
    unless globals.sprite.isValid() {
        printf("ERROR: Failed to load '%Ssprite.png'\n", where())
    }

    // Change the view to a custom view if desired
    // The most common is 'captCustomViewBasedOnHeight', which will
    // have a fixed amount of units represent the height of the view
    // and a variable number of units represent the width of the view.
    // So
    //    captViewWidth()  == 480.0f * aspect_ratio
    //    captViewHeight() == 480.0f
    captCustomViewBasedOnHeight(480.0f)

    // NOTE: 'captDefaultView()' is the same as
    // 'captCustomViewBasedOnHeight(480.0f)' when using '2.6/captain.adept'.
    // Other options include:
    // - captCustomView(width, height)

    // If no custom view is set, then captDefaultView() will be used.
    // The view can be changed even after `onSetup`.
}

func onExit {
    // Called when main application loop exits
    globals.sprite.destroy()
}

func onStep {
    // (Called once per frame before rendering)

    // Set globals.target_x and globals.target_y to the mouse position (in view coords)
    // We will use these values later inside `onDraw`
    captMouseViewPosition(&globals.target_x, &globals.target_y)

    // Don't allow globals.target_x and globals.target_y to be outside the window
    globals.target_x = clamp(globals.target_x, 0.0f, captViewWidth() as float)
    globals.target_y = clamp(globals.target_y, 0.0f, captViewHeight() as float)
}

func onDraw {
    // Called once per frame to draw graphics
    center_x float = globals.target_x
    center_y float = globals.target_y
    width float = 256.0f
    height float = 256.0f
    captDrawTexture(globals.sprite, center_x - width / 2.0f, center_y - height / 2.0f, width, height)
}

Functions

func captPrepare() successful

Initializes the captain API.

Invoking this is optional, since other setup-related procedures for captain will automatically take care of it.

De-initialization of the API is handled automatically inside of captStart.

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func captStart(in fullscreen bool = false) void

Starts captain by initializing the window.

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func captStart(in title *ubyte = '', in fullscreen bool = false) void

Starts captain by initializing the window.

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func captStart(in title *ubyte, in width, height int, in fullscreen bool)

Starts captain by initializing the window.

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func captEnsurePrepared() void

Ensures the captain API is initialized.

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func captDefaultView() void

Sets the view to the default view. The default view is a view with a height of 480.0f units.

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func captViewWidth() float

Returns the width (in units) of the current view.

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func captViewHeight() float

Returns the height (in units) of the current view.

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func captFrameWidth() int

Returns the width (in pixels) of the window.

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func captFrameHeight() int

Returns the height (in pixels) of the window.

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func captCustomView(width, height float) void

Sets the view to a custom view that has a fixed width and height.

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func captCustomViewBasedOnHeight(height float) void

Sets the view to a custom view that has a fixed height and variable width.

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func captMouseFramePosition(out x, y *float) void

Sets x and y to the current mouse position (in pixels).

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func captMouseFramePosition(out x, y *double) void

Sets x and y to the current mouse position (in pixels).

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func captMouseViewPosition(out x, y *float) void

Sets x and y to the current mouse position (in units) with respect to the current view.

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func captResizable(resizable bool) void

Sets whether the window will be resizable. Must be done before captStart.

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func captAlwaysOnTop(always_on_top bool) void

Sets whether the window will be always be on top. Must be done before captStart.

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func captMultisample(multisample_rate int) void

Sets the target multisample rate of the window. Must be done before captStart.

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func captHideCursor(hide bool) void

Hides the mouse cursor. Cannot be done before captStart.

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func captOnSetup(in on_setup_func func() void) void

Sets the on-setup function for the app.

The on-setup function will be called before the any other callbacks. It should be used for loading textures and other operations that require captain to be running. Resources allocated in the on-setup function that need to be destroyed should be destroyed in the on-exit function.

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func captOnExit(in on_exit_func func() void) void

Sets the on-exit function for the app.

The on-exit function will be the last callback invoked. It should be used to destroy resources that need to be destroyed before captain exits.

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func captOnDraw(in on_draw_func func() void) void

Sets the on-draw function for the app.

The on-draw function will be called each frame after the on-step function. It should be used to draw textures and other drawables.

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func captOnStep(in on_step_func func() void) void

Sets the on-step function for the app.

The on-step function will be called each frame before the on-draw function. It should be used to perform app logic.

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func captOnStep(in on_step_func func() void, in step_fps uint) void

Sets the on-step function for the app.

The on-step function will be called each frame (step_fps times a second) before the on-draw function. It should be used to perform app logic. If step_fps is zero, then the step fps will be practically unbounded.

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func captOnClick(in on_click_func func(float, float, int) void, use_mouse_view_coords bool) void

Sets the on-click function for the app.

The on-click function will be called when a mouse button is clicked. The first two parameters of the callback are the x and y of the mouse click. The third parameter of the callback is which mouse button was pressed (1 is left, 2 is right, 3 is middle, etc.). If use_mouse_view_coords is true, then the mouse coordinates supplied to the callback will be in view coords (units) instead of frame coords (pixels).

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func captOnRelease(in on_release_func func(float, float, int) void, use_mouse_view_coords bool) void

Sets the on-release function for the app.

The on-release function will be called when a mouse button is released. The first two parameters of the callback are the x and y of the mouse. The third parameter of the callback is which mouse button was released (1 is left, 2 is right, 3 is middle, etc.). If use_mouse_view_coords is true, then the mouse coordinates supplied to the callback will be in view coords (units) instead of frame coords (pixels).

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func captOnKey(in on_key_func func(int, int, int, int) void) void

Sets the on-key function for the app.

The on-key function will be called when a key is pressed/released/repeated. The parameters to the callback are:
- key - Which key was pressed (e.g. GLFW_KEY_W)
- scancode - Platform-specific unique key identifier
- action - How the key event was triggered (e.g. GLFW_PRESS, GLFW_RELEASE, GLFW_REPEAT)
- mods - Modifier keys (e.g. GLFW_MOD_SHIFT, GLFW_MOD_CONTROL, GLFW_MOD_ALT, GLFW_MOD_SUPER, GLFW_MOD_CAPS_LOCK, GLFW_MOD_NUM_LOCK)
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func captOnChar(in on_char_func func(uint) void) void

Sets the on-character function for the app.

The on-character function will be called when a character is typed. The parameters to the callback are:
- codepoint - Native Endian UTF-32 Character
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func captOnScroll(in on_scroll_func func(float, float) void) void

Sets the on-scroll function for the app.

The on-scroll function will be called when the scroll wheel is rotated. The parameters to the callback are:
- xoffset - Scroll X-Offset
- yoffset - Scroll Y-Offset
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func captClearColor(in color CaptColor) void

Sets the background clear-color of the window and then clears the window.

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func captDrawOpacity(in value float) void

Changes the drawing opacity. The opacity value should be in the range [0.0f, 1.0f].

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func captKeyHeld(key int) bool

Returns whether a key is currently held (e.g. GLFW_KEY_W).

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func alias captRandomize() => randomize

Initializes random number generation.

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func alias captRandom() => normalizedRandom

Returns a random double in the range [0.0f, 1.0f).

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Structs

struct CaptColor (r, g, b, a float)

func captColor(r, g, b float, a float = 1.0f) CaptColor

Constructs a CaptColor from red, green, blue values each in the range [0.0f, 1.0f]. An alpha value can optionally be supplied ranging from [0.0f, 1.0f].

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func captColor(r, g, b int, a int = 255) CaptColor

Constructs a CaptColor from red, green, blue values each in the range [0, 255]. An alpha value can optionally be supplied ranging from [0, 255].

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struct CaptTexture (id uint)

func captTexture(filename String, approximate bool = true) CaptTexture

Constructs a CaptTexture. When approximate is true, smooth blending will be used.

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func captTexture(filename *ubyte, approximate bool = true) CaptTexture

Constructs a CaptTexture. When approximate is true, smooth blending will be used.

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func destroy(this *CaptTexture) void

Destroys a CaptTexture.

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func isValid(this *CaptTexture) bool

Returns whether a CaptTexture is a valid.

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func invalidate(this *CaptTexture) void

Makes a CaptTexture invalid. Any previous texture should be destroyed before invalidating the texture if it will become inaccessible.

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func load(this *CaptTexture, filename String, approximate bool = true) void

Constructs a CaptTexture. When approximate is true, smooth blending will be used.

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func load(this *CaptTexture, filename *ubyte, approximate bool = true) void

Constructs a CaptTexture. When approximate is true, smooth blending will be used.

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func captBindTexture(texture POD CaptTexture) void

Manually binds a CaptTexture.

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func captDrawTexture(texture POD CaptTexture, in x, y, w, h float) void

Draws a CaptTexture at a given (x, y) position with a given width and height. The x and y coords are from the top left, with positive x pointing right and positive y pointing down.

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func captDrawTextureUsingModel(model POD CaptModel, texture POD CaptTexture, in x, y float) void

Draws a CaptTexture using a model at a given (x, y) position. The x and y coords are from the top left, with positive x pointing right and positive y pointing down.

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func captDrawTextureUsingModelAndTransformation(model POD CaptModel, texture POD CaptTexture, transformation Matrix4f) void

Draws a CaptTexture using a model and a transformation. This can be used to draw more complicated arrangements such as rotations, skewing, and 3D objects.

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struct CaptModel (vao, vertices_vbo, uvs_vbo, texture_id GLuint, triangle_count int)

func create(this *CaptModel, points *float, points_length usize, uvs *float, uvs_length usize) void

Constructs a CaptModel from a primitive array of points and a primitive array of UV coords.

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func destroy(this *CaptModel) void

Destroys a CaptModel.

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func draw(this *CaptModel) void

Manually draws a CaptModel with the currently bound CaptTexture.

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func captModel(points <float> List, uvs <float> List) CaptModel

Constructs a CaptModel from a list of points and a list of UV coords.

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func captModel(in w, h float, in x_flip, y_flip bool = false) CaptModel

Constructs a rectangular CaptModel. The UV coords can optionally be flipping horizontally/vertically for simple flipped textures.

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struct CaptShader (program, vertex, fragment GLuint)

func create(this *CaptShader, vertex_code, fragment_code String) void

Constructs a CaptShader from GLSL vertex and fragment shader code.

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func destroy(this *CaptShader) void

Destroys a CaptShader.

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func use(this *CaptShader) void

Binds a CaptShader.

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func getUniformLocation(this *CaptShader, name *ubyte) GLint

Returns the OpenGL uniform location of a uniform in a CaptShader.

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func uploadFloat(this *CaptShader, location GLint, value float) void

Uploads a float value for an OpenGL uniform variable.

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func uploadMatrix4f(this *CaptShader, location GLint, matrix *Matrix4f) void

Uploads a Matrix4f value for an OpenGL uniform variable.

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func uploadMatrix4f(this *CaptShader, location GLint, matrix Matrix4f) void

Uploads a Matrix4f value for an OpenGL uniform variable.

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func captShader(vertex_shader_code, fragment_shader_code String) CaptShader

Constructs a CaptShader from GLSL vertex and fragment shader code.

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captain

captain

Overview

Smallest App

Example App

Functions

Structs

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