CI: Run worker tests with Address Sanitizer (only Linux) #4703

Job	Run time
ci (ubuntu-20.04, 18, Release)	6m 10s
ci (ubuntu-20.04, 18, Debug)	5m 23s
ci (ubuntu-22.04, 20, Release)	5m 53s
ci (ubuntu-22.04, 20, Debug)	4m 56s
ci (ubuntu-24.04, 20, -Db_sanitize=address, Release)	8m 45s
ci (ubuntu-24.04, 20, -Db_sanitize=address, Debug)	5m 52s
ci (ubuntu-24.04, 20, -Db_sanitize=undefined, Release)	9m 12s
ci (ubuntu-24.04, 20, -Db_sanitize=undefined, Debug)	6m 26s
ci (ubuntu-24.04, 20, -Db_sanitize=thread, Release)	7m 2s
ci (ubuntu-24.04, 20, -Db_sanitize=thread, Debug)	6m 1s
ci (macos-12, 18, Release)	9m 44s
ci (macos-12, 18, Debug)	9m 29s
ci (macos-14, 20, Release)	3m 58s
ci (macos-14, 20, Debug)	4m 17s
ci (windows-2022, 20, Release)	10m 10s
ci (windows-2022, 20, Debug)	7m 51s
	1h 51m 9s

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