DWARF Operations to Create Vector Composite Location Descriptions

AMDGPU optimized code may spill vector registers to non-global address space
memory, and this spilling may be done only for SIMT lanes that are active on
entry to the subprogram. To support this the CFI rule for the partially spilled
register needs to use an expression that uses the EXEC register as a bit mask to
select between the register (for inactive lanes) and the stack spill location
(for active lanes that are spilled). This needs to evaluate to a location
description, and not a value, as a debugger needs to change the value if the
user assigns to the variable.

Another usage is to create an expression that evaluates to provide a vector of
logical PCs for active and inactive lanes in a SIMT execution model. Again the
EXEC register is used to select between active and inactive PC values. In order
to represent a vector of PC values, a way to create a composite location
description that is a vector of a single location is used.

To support this, a composite location description that can be created as a
masked select is required. In addition, an operation that creates a composite
location description that is a vector on another location description is needed.

015-vector-composite-location-descriptions.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,102 @@
+Part 15: DWARF Operations to Create Vector Composite Location Descriptions
+
+PROBLEM DESCRIPTION
+
+AMDGPU optimized code may spill vector registers to non-global address space
+memory, and this spilling may be done only for SIMT lanes that are active on
+entry to the subprogram. To support this the CFI rule for the partially spilled
+register needs to use an expression that uses the EXEC register as a bit mask to
+select between the register (for inactive lanes) and the stack spill location
+(for active lanes that are spilled). This needs to evaluate to a location
+description, and not a value, as a debugger needs to change the value if the
+user assigns to the variable.
+
+Another usage is to create an expression that evaluates to provide a vector of
+logical PCs for active and inactive lanes in a SIMT execution model. Again the
+EXEC register is used to select between active and inactive PC values. In order
+to represent a vector of PC values, a way to create a composite location
+description that is a vector of a single location is used.
+
+To support this, a composite location description that can be created as a
+masked select is required. In addition, an operation that creates a composite
+location description that is a vector on another location description is needed.
+
+PROPOSAL
+
+In Section 2.5.4.4.6 "Composite Location Description Operations" of [Allow
+location description on the DWARF evaluation stack], add the following
+operations:
+
+    ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+    4.  DW_OP_extend
+        DW_OP_extend has two operands. The first is an unsigned LEB128 integer
+        that represents the element bit size S. The second is an unsigned LEB128
+        integer that represents a count C.
+
+        It pops one stack entry that must be a location description and is
+        treated as the part location description PL.
+
+        A location description L comprised of one complete composite location
+        description SL is pushed on the stack.
+
+        A complete composite location storage LS is created with C identical
+        parts P. Each P specifies PL and has a bit size of S.
+
+        SL specifies LS with a bit offset of 0.
+
+        The DWARF expression is ill-formed if the element bit size or count are
+        0.
+
+    5.  DW_OP_select_bit_piece
+        DW_OP_select_bit_piece has two operands. The first is an unsigned LEB128
+        integer that represents the element bit size S. The second is an
+        unsigned LEB128 integer that represents a count C.
+
+        It pops three stack entries. The first must be an integral type value
+        that represents a bit mask value M. The second must be a location
+        description that represents the one-location description L1. The third
+        must be a location description that represents the zero-location
+        description L0.
+
+        A complete composite location storage LS is created with C parts PN
+        ordered in ascending N from 0 to C-1 inclusive. Each PN specifies
+        location description PLN and has a bit size of S.
+
+        PLN is as if the DW_OP_bit_offset N*S operation was applied to PLXN.
+
+        PLXN is the same as L0 if the Nth least significant bit of M is a zero,
+        otherwise it is the same as L1.
+
+        A location description L comprised of one complete composite location
+        description SL is pushed on the stack. SL specifies LS with a bit offset
+        of 0.
+
+        The DWARF expression is ill-formed if S or C are 0, or if the bit size
+        of M is less than C.
+    ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+> [For further discussion...]
+> Should the count operand for DW_OP_extend and DW_OP_select_bit_piece be
+> changed to get the count value off the stack? This would allow support for
+> architectures that have variable length vector instructions such as ARM and
+> RISC-V.
+
+In Section "7.7.1 Operation Expressions" of [Allow location description on the
+DWARF evaluation stack], add the following rows to Table 7.9 "DWARF Operation
+Encodings":
+
+    ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+    Table 7.9: DWARF Operation Encodings
+    ================================== ===== ======== ===============================
+    Operation                          Code  Number   Notes
+                                             of
+                                             Operands
+    ================================== ===== ======== ===============================
+    DW_OP_extend                       TBA      2     ULEB128 bit size,
+                                                      ULEB128 count
+    DW_OP_select_bit_piece             TBA      2     ULEB128 bit size,
+                                                      ULEB128 count
+    ================================== ===== ======== ===============================
+
+    ----------------------------------------------------------------------------

DWARF Specification.txt

@@ -1875,6 +1875,56 @@ defined to be compatible with the definitions in DWARF Version 5.
     updated to be a complete composite location description with the same
     parts.
 
+4.  DW_OP_extend
+    DW_OP_extend has two operands. The first is an unsigned LEB128 integer that
+    represents the element bit size S. The second is an unsigned LEB128 integer
+    that represents a count C.
+
+    It pops one stack entry that must be a location description and is treated
+    as the part location description PL.
+
+    A location description L comprised of one complete composite location
+    description SL is pushed on the stack.
+
+    A complete composite location storage LS is created with C identical parts
+    P. Each P specifies PL and has a bit size of S.
+
+    SL specifies LS with a bit offset of 0.
+
+    The DWARF expression is ill-formed if the element bit size or count are 0.
+
+5.  DW_OP_select_bit_piece
+    DW_OP_select_bit_piece has two operands. The first is an unsigned LEB128
+    integer that represents the element bit size S. The second is an unsigned
+    LEB128 integer that represents a count C.
+
+    It pops three stack entries. The first must be an integral type value that
+    represents a bit mask value M. The second must be a location description
+    that represents the one-location description L1. The third must be a
+    location description that represents the zero-location description L0.
+
+    A complete composite location storage LS is created with C parts PN ordered
+    in ascending N from 0 to C-1 inclusive. Each PN specifies location
+    description PLN and has a bit size of S.
+
+    PLN is as if the DW_OP_bit_offset N*S operation was applied to PLXN.
+
+    PLXN is the same as L0 if the Nth least significant bit of M is a zero,
+    otherwise it is the same as L1.
+
+    A location description L comprised of one complete composite location
+    description SL is pushed on the stack. SL specifies LS with a bit offset of
+    0.
+
+    The DWARF expression is ill-formed if S or C are 0, or if the bit size of M
+    is less than C.
+
+> [For further discussion...]
+> Should the count operand for DW_OP_extend and DW_OP_select_bit_piece be
+> changed to get the count value off the stack? This would allow support for
+> architectures that have variable length vector instructions such as ARM and
+> RISC-V.
+
 2.5.5 DWARF Location List Expressions
 
 [non-normative] To meet the needs of recent computer architectures and
@@ -3454,6 +3504,10 @@ DW_OP_aspace_bregx                 TBA      2      ULEB128 register number,
 DW_OP_aspace_implicit_pointer      TBA      2      4-byte or 8-byte offset of
                                                    DIE, SLEB128 byte
                                                    displacement
+DW_OP_extend                       TBA      2      ULEB128 bit size,
+                                                   ULEB128 count
+DW_OP_select_bit_piece             TBA      2      ULEB128 bit size,
+                                                   ULEB128 count
 ---------------------------------- ----- --------- ---------------------------
 
 7.7.2 Location List Expressions