GoodJob

GoodJob is a multithreaded, Postgres-based, ActiveJob backend for Ruby on Rails.

Inspired by Delayed::Job and Que, GoodJob is designed for maximum compatibility with Ruby on Rails, ActiveJob, and Postgres to be simple and performant for most workloads.

Designed for ActiveJob. Complete support for async, queues, delays, priorities, timeouts, and retries with near-zero configuration.
Built for Rails. Fully adopts Ruby on Rails threading and code execution guidelines with Concurrent::Ruby.
Backed by Postgres. Relies upon Postgres integrity, session-level Advisory Locks to provide run-once safety and stay within the limits of schema.rb, and LISTEN/NOTIFY to reduce queuing latency.
For most workloads. Targets full-stack teams, economy-minded solo developers, and applications that enqueue 1-million jobs/day and more.

For more of the story of GoodJob, read the introductory blog post.

📊 Comparison of GoodJob with other job queue backends (click to expand)

	Queues, priority, retries	Database	Concurrency	Reliability/Integrity	Latency
GoodJob	✅ Yes	✅ Postgres	✅ Multithreaded	✅ ACID, Advisory Locks	✅ Postgres LISTEN/NOTIFY
Que	✅ Yes	🔶️ Postgres, requires `structure.sql`	✅ Multithreaded	✅ ACID, Advisory Locks	✅ Postgres LISTEN/NOTIFY
Delayed Job	✅ Yes	✅ Postgres	🔴 Single-threaded	✅ ACID, record-based	🔶 Polling
Sidekiq	✅ Yes	🔴 Redis	✅ Multithreaded	🔴 Crashes lose jobs	✅ Redis BRPOP
Sidekiq Pro	✅ Yes	🔴 Redis	✅ Multithreaded	✅ Redis RPOPLPUSH	✅ Redis RPOPLPUSH

Set up

Add good_job to your application's Gemfile:
```
gem 'good_job'
```
Install the gem:
```
$ bundle install
```
Run the GoodJob install generator. This will generate a database migration to create a table for GoodJob's job records:
```
$ bin/rails g good_job:install
```
Run the migration:
```
$ bin/rails db:migrate
```
Optional: If using Rails' multiple databases with the migrations_paths configuration option, use the --database option:
```
bin/rails g good_job:install --database animals
bin/rails db:migrate:animals
```

Configure the ActiveJob adapter:

# config/application.rb
config.active_job.queue_adapter = :good_job

Inside of your application, queue your job 🎉:

YourJob.perform_later

GoodJob supports all ActiveJob features:

YourJob.set(queue: :some_queue, wait: 5.minutes, priority: 10).perform_later

In development, GoodJob executes jobs immediately. In production, GoodJob provides different options:
- By default, GoodJob separates job enqueuing from job execution so that jobs can be scaled independently of the web server. Use the GoodJob command-line tool to execute jobs:
```
$ bundle exec good_job start
```
  Ideally the command-line tool should be run on a separate machine or container from the web process. For example, on Heroku:
```
web: rails server
worker: bundle exec good_job start
```
  The command-line tool supports a variety of options, see the reference below for command-line configuration.
- GoodJob can also be configured to execute jobs within the web server process to save on resources. This is useful for low-workloads when economy is paramount.
```
$ GOOD_JOB_EXECUTION_MODE=async rails server
```
  Additional configuration is likely necessary, see the reference below for configuration.

Compatibility

Ruby on Rails: 5.2+
Ruby: MRI 2.5+. JRuby 9.2.13+ (JRuby's activerecord-jdbcpostgresql-adapter gem does not support Postgres LISTEN/NOTIFY).
Postgres: 9.6+

Configuration

Command-line options

There several top-level commands available through the good_job command-line tool.

Configuration options are available with help.

`good_job start`

good_job start executes queued jobs.

$ bundle exec good_job help start

Usage:
  good_job start

Options:
  [--max-threads=COUNT]        # Maximum number of threads to use for working jobs. (env var: GOOD_JOB_MAX_THREADS, default: 5)
  [--queues=QUEUE_LIST]        # Queues to work from. (env var: GOOD_JOB_QUEUES, default: *)
  [--poll-interval=SECONDS]    # Interval between polls for available jobs in seconds (env var: GOOD_JOB_POLL_INTERVAL, default: 1)
  [--max-cache=COUNT]          # Maximum number of scheduled jobs to cache in memory (env var: GOOD_JOB_MAX_CACHE, default: 10000)
  [--shutdown-timeout=SECONDS] # Number of seconds to wait for jobs to finish when shutting down before stopping the thread. (env var: GOOD_JOB_SHUTDOWN_TIMEOUT, default: -1 (forever))
  [--enable-cron]              # Whether to run cron process (default: false)
  [--daemonize]                # Run as a background daemon (default: false)
  [--pidfile=PIDFILE]          # Path to write daemonized Process ID (env var: GOOD_JOB_PIDFILE, default: tmp/pids/good_job.pid)

Executes queued jobs.

All options can be configured with environment variables.
See option descriptions for the matching environment variable name.

== Configuring queues

Separate multiple queues with commas; exclude queues with a leading minus;
separate isolated execution pools with semicolons and threads with colons.

`good_job cleanup_preserved_jobs`

good_job cleanup_preserved_jobs deletes preserved job records. See GoodJob.preserve_job_records for when this command is useful.

$ bundle exec good_job help cleanup_preserved_jobs

Usage:
  good_job cleanup_preserved_jobs

Options:
  [--before-seconds-ago=SECONDS] # Delete records finished more than this many seconds ago (env var:  GOOD_JOB_CLEANUP_PRESERVED_JOBS_BEFORE_SECONDS_AGO, default: 86400)

Deletes preserved job records.

By default, GoodJob deletes job records when the job is performed and this
command is not necessary.

However, when `GoodJob.preserve_job_records = true`, the jobs will be
preserved in the database. This is useful when wanting to analyze or
inspect job performance.

If you are preserving job records this way, use this command regularly
to delete old records and preserve space in your database.

Configuration options

To use GoodJob, you can set config.active_job.queue_adapter to a :good_job.

Additional configuration can be provided via config.good_job.OPTION = ....

Configuration must be placed into config/application.rb or config/environments/{RAILS_ENV}.rb; configuration may not work correctly if placed into config/initializers/*.rb because application initializers run after gem initialization (see Rails#36650 and GoodJob#380).

Configuration examples:

# config/application.rb

config.active_job.queue_adapter = :good_job

# Configure options individually...
config.good_job.execution_mode = :async
config.good_job.max_threads = 5
config.good_job.poll_interval = 30 # seconds
config.good_job.shutdown_timeout = 25 # seconds
config.good_job.enable_cron = true
config.good_job.cron = { example: { cron: '0 * * * *', class: 'ExampleJob'  } }
config.good_job.queues = '*'

# ...or all at once.
config.good_job = {
  execution_mode: :async,
  max_threads: 5,
  poll_interval: 30,
  shutdown_timeout: 25,
  enable_cron: true,
  cron: {
    example: {
      cron: '0 * * * *',
      class: 'ExampleJob'
    },
  },
  queues: '*',
}

Available configuration options are:

execution_mode (symbol) specifies how and where jobs should be executed. You can also set this with the environment variable GOOD_JOB_EXECUTION_MODE. It can be any one of:
- :inline executes jobs immediately in whatever process queued them (usually the web server process). This should only be used in test and development environments.
- :external causes the adapter to enqueue jobs, but not execute them. When using this option (the default for production environments), you’ll need to use the command-line tool to actually execute your jobs.
- :async (or :async_server) executes jobs in separate threads within the Rails web server process (bundle exec rails server). It can be more economical for small workloads because you don’t need a separate machine or environment for running your jobs, but if your web server is under heavy load or your jobs require a lot of resources, you should choose :external instead. When not in the Rails web server, jobs will execute in :external mode to ensure jobs are not executed within rails console, rails db:migrate, rails assets:prepare, etc.
- :async_all executes jobs in separate threads in any Rails process.
max_threads (integer) sets the maximum number of threads to use when execution_mode is set to :async. You can also set this with the environment variable GOOD_JOB_MAX_THREADS.
queues (string) determines which queues to execute jobs from when execution_mode is set to :async. See the description of good_job start for more details on the format of this string. You can also set this with the environment variable GOOD_JOB_QUEUES.
poll_interval (integer) sets the number of seconds between polls for jobs when execution_mode is set to :async. You can also set this with the environment variable GOOD_JOB_POLL_INTERVAL. A poll interval of -1 disables polling completely.
max_cache (integer) sets the maximum number of scheduled jobs that will be stored in memory to reduce execution latency when also polling for scheduled jobs. Caching 10,000 scheduled jobs uses approximately 20MB of memory. You can also set this with the environment variable GOOD_JOB_MAX_CACHE.
shutdown_timeout (float) number of seconds to wait for jobs to finish when shutting down before stopping the thread. Defaults to forever: -1. You can also set this with the environment variable GOOD_JOB_SHUTDOWN_TIMEOUT.
enable_cron (boolean) whether to run cron process. Defaults to false. You can also set this with the environment variable GOOD_JOB_ENABLE_CRON.
cron (hash) cron configuration. Defaults to {}. You can also set this as a JSON string with the environment variable GOOD_JOB_CRON

By default, GoodJob configures the following execution modes per environment:

# config/environments/development.rb
config.active_job.queue_adapter = :good_job
config.good_job.execution_mode = :async

# config/environments/test.rb
config.active_job.queue_adapter = :good_job
config.good_job.execution_mode = :inline

# config/environments/production.rb
config.active_job.queue_adapter = :good_job
config.good_job.execution_mode = :external

Global options

Good Job’s general behavior can also be configured via several attributes directly on the GoodJob module:

GoodJob.active_record_parent_class (string) The ActiveRecord parent class inherited by GoodJob's ActiveRecord model GoodJob::Job (defaults to "ActiveRecord::Base"). Configure this when using multiple databases with ActiveRecord or when other custom configuration is necessary for the ActiveRecord model to connect to the Postgres database. The value must be a String to avoid premature initialization of ActiveRecord.
GoodJob.logger (Rails Logger) lets you set a custom logger for GoodJob. It should be an instance of a Rails Logger.
GoodJob.preserve_job_records (boolean) keeps job records in your database even after jobs are completed. (Default: false)
GoodJob.retry_on_unhandled_error (boolean) causes jobs to be re-queued and retried if they raise an instance of StandardError. Instances of Exception, like SIGINT, will always be retried, regardless of this attribute’s value. (Default: true)
GoodJob.on_thread_error (proc, lambda, or callable) will be called when an Exception. It can be useful for logging errors to bug tracking services, like Sentry or Airbrake.

You’ll generally want to configure these in config/initializers/good_job.rb, like so:

# config/initializers/good_job.rb
GoodJob.active_record_parent_class = "ApplicationRecord"
GoodJob.preserve_job_records = true
GoodJob.retry_on_unhandled_error = false
GoodJob.on_thread_error = -> (exception) { Raven.capture_exception(exception) }

Dashboard

🚧 GoodJob's dashboard is a work in progress. Please contribute ideas and code on Github.

GoodJob includes a Dashboard as a mountable Rails::Engine.

Explicitly require the Engine code at the top of your config/application.rb file, immediately after Rails is required. This is necessary because the mountable engine is an optional feature of GoodJob.
```
# config/application.rb
require_relative 'boot'

require 'rails/all'
require 'good_job/engine' # <= Add this line
# ...
```

Mount the engine in your config/routes.rb file. The following will mount it at http://example.com/good_job.

# config/routes.rb
# ...
mount GoodJob::Engine => 'good_job'

Because jobs can potentially contain sensitive information, you should authorize access. For example, using Devise's authenticate helper, that might look like:

# config/routes.rb
# ...
authenticate :user, ->(user) { user.admin? } do
  mount GoodJob::Engine => 'good_job'
end

Another option is using basic auth like this:

# config/initializers/good_job.rb
GoodJob::Engine.middleware.use(Rack::Auth::Basic) do |username, password|
  ActiveSupport::SecurityUtils.secure_compare(Rails.application.credentials.good_job_username, username) &&
    ActiveSupport::SecurityUtils.secure_compare(Rails.application.credentials.good_job_password, password)
end

ActiveJob concurrency

GoodJob can extend ActiveJob to provide limits on concurrently running jobs, either at time of enqueue or at perform. Limiting concurrency can help prevent duplicate, double or unecessary jobs from being enqueued, or race conditions when performing, for example when interacting with 3rd-party APIs.

Note: Limiting concurrency at enqueue requires Rails 6.0+ because Rails 5.2 cannot halt ActiveJob callbacks.

class MyJob < ApplicationJob
  include GoodJob::ActiveJobExtensions::Concurrency

  good_job_control_concurrency_with(
    # Maximum number of unfinished jobs to allow with the concurrency key
    total_limit: 1,

    # Or, if more control is needed:
    # Maximum number of jobs with the concurrency key to be concurrently enqueued (excludes performing jobs)
    enqueue_limit: 2,
    # Maximum number of jobs with the concurrency key to be concurrently performed (excludes enqueued jobs)
    perform_limit: 1,

    # A unique key to be globally locked against.
    # Can be String or Lambda/Proc that is invoked in the context of the job.
    # Note: Arguments passed to #perform_later must be accessed through `arguments` method.
    key: -> { "Unique-#{arguments.first}" } #  MyJob.perform_later("Alice") => "Unique-Alice"
  )

  def perform(first_name)
    # do work
  end
end

When testing, the resulting concurrency key value can be inspected:

job = MyJob.perform_later("Alice")
job.good_job_concurrency_key #=> "Unique-Alice"

Cron-style repeating/recurring jobs

GoodJob can enqueue jobs on a recurring basis that can be used as a replacement for cron.

Cron-style jobs are run on every GoodJob process (e.g. CLI or async execution mode) when config.good_job.enable_cron = true; use GoodJob's ActiveJob concurrency extension to limit the number of jobs that are enqueued.

Cron-format is parsed by the fugit gem, which has support for seconds-level resolution (e.g. * * * * * *).

# config/environments/application.rb or a specific environment e.g. production.rb

# Enable cron in this process; e.g. only run on the first Heroku worker process
config.good_job.enable_cron = ENV['DYNO'] == 'worker.1' # or `true` or via $GOOD_JOB_ENABLE_CRON

# Configure cron with a hash that has a unique key for each recurring job
config.good_job.cron = {
  # Every 15 minutes, enqueue `ExampleJob.set(priority: -10).perform_later(42, name: "Alice")`
  frequent_task: { # each recurring job must have a unique key
    cron: "*/15 * * * *", # cron-style scheduling format by fugit gem
    class: "ExampleJob", # reference the Job class with a string
    args: [42, { name: "Alice" }], # arguments to pass; can also be a proc e.g. `-> { { when: Time.now } }`
    set: { priority: -10 }, # additional ActiveJob properties; can also be a lambda/proc e.g. `-> { { priority: [1,2].sample } }`
    description: "Something helpful", # optional description that appears in Dashboard (coming soon!)
  },
  another_task: {
    cron: "0 0,12 * * *",
    class: "AnotherJob",
  },
  # etc.
}

Updating

GoodJob follows semantic versioning, though updates may be encouraged through deprecation warnings in minor versions.

Upgrading minor versions

Upgrading between minor versions (e.g. v1.4 to v1.5) should not introduce breaking changes, but can introduce new deprecation warnings and database migration notices.

To perform upgrades to the GoodJob database tables:

Generate new database migration files:
```
bin/rails g good_job:update
```
Optional: If using Rails' multiple databases with the migrations_paths configuration option, use the --database option:
```
$ bin/rails g good_job:update --database animals
```
Run the database migration locally
```
bin/rails db:migrate
```
Commit the migration files and resulting db/schema.rb changes.
Deploy the code, run the migrations against the production database, and restart server/worker processes.

Upgrading v1 to v2

GoodJob v2 introduces a new Advisory Lock key format that is different than the v1 advisory lock key format; it's therefore necessary to perform a simple, but staged production upgrade. If you are already using >= v1.12+ no other changes are necessary.

Upgrade your production environment to v1.99.x following the minor version upgrade process, including database migrations. v1.99 is a transitional release that is safely compatible with both v1.x and v2.0.0 because it uses both v1- and v2-formatted advisory locks.
Address any deprecation warnings generated by v1.99.
Upgrade your production environment to v1.99.x to v2.0.x again following the minor upgrade process.

Notable changes:

Renames :async_server execution mode to :async; renames prior :async execution mode to :async_all.
Sets default Development environment's execution mode to :async with disabled polling.
Excludes performing jobs from enqueue_limit's count in GoodJob::ActiveJobExtensions::Concurrency.
Triggers GoodJob.on_thread_error for unhandled ActiveJob exceptions.
Renames GoodJob.reperform_jobs_on_standard_error accessor to GoodJob.retry_on_unhandled_error.
Renames GoodJob::Adapter.shutdown(wait:) argument to GoodJob::Adapter.shutdown(timeout:).
Changes Advisory Lock key format from good_jobs[ROW_ID] to good_jobs-[ACTIVE_JOB_ID].
Expects presence of columns good_jobs.active_job_id, good_jobs.concurrency_key, good_jobs.concurrency_key, and good_jobs.retried_good_job_id.

Go deeper

Exceptions, retries, and reliability

GoodJob guarantees that a completely-performed job will run once and only once. GoodJob fully supports ActiveJob's built-in functionality for error handling, retries and timeouts.

Exceptions

ActiveJob provides tools for rescuing and retrying exceptions, including retry_on, discard_on, rescue_from that will rescue exceptions before they get to GoodJob.

If errors do reach GoodJob, you can assign a callable to GoodJob.on_thread_error to be notified. For example, to log errors to an exception monitoring service like Sentry (or Bugsnag, Airbrake, Honeybadger, etc.):

# config/initializers/good_job.rb
GoodJob.on_thread_error = -> (exception) { Raven.capture_exception(exception) }

Retries

By default, GoodJob will automatically and immediately retry a job when an exception is raised to GoodJob.

However, ActiveJob can be configured to retry an infinite number of times, with an exponential backoff. Using ActiveJob's retry_on prevents exceptions from reaching GoodJob:

class ApplicationJob < ActiveJob::Base
  retry_on StandardError, wait: :exponentially_longer, attempts: Float::INFINITY
  # ...
end

When using retry_on with a limited number of retries, the final exception will not be rescued and will raise to GoodJob. GoodJob can be configured to discard un-handled exceptions instead of retrying them:

# config/initializers/good_job.rb
GoodJob.retry_on_unhandled_error = false

Alternatively, pass a block to retry_on to handle the final exception instead of raising it to GoodJob:

class ApplicationJob < ActiveJob::Base
  retry_on StandardError, attempts: 5 do |_job, _exception|
    # Log error, do nothing, etc.
  end
  # ...
end

When using retry_on with an infinite number of retries, exceptions will never be raised to GoodJob, which means GoodJob.on_thread_error will never be called. To report log or report exceptions to an exception monitoring service (e.g. Sentry, Bugsnag, Airbrake, Honeybadger, etc), create an explicit exception wrapper. For example:

class ApplicationJob < ActiveJob::Base
  retry_on StandardError, wait: :exponentially_longer, attempts: Float::INFINITY

  retry_on SpecialError, attempts: 5 do |_job, exception|
    Raven.capture_exception(exception)
  end

  around_perform do |_job, block|
    block.call
  rescue StandardError => e
    Raven.capture_exception(e)
    raise
  end
  # ...
end

ActionMailer retries

Any configuration in ApplicationJob will have to be duplicated on ActionMailer::MailDeliveryJob (ActionMailer::DeliveryJob in Rails 5.2 or earlier) because ActionMailer uses a custom class, ActionMailer::MailDeliveryJob, which inherits from ActiveJob::Base, rather than your applications ApplicationJob.

You can use an initializer to configure ActionMailer::MailDeliveryJob, for example:

# config/initializers/good_job.rb
ActionMailer::MailDeliveryJob.retry_on StandardError, wait: :exponentially_longer, attempts: Float::INFINITY

# With Sentry (or Bugsnag, Airbrake, Honeybadger, etc.)
ActionMailer::MailDeliveryJob.around_perform do |_job, block|
  block.call
rescue StandardError => e
  Raven.capture_exception(e)
  raise
end

Note, that ActionMailer::MailDeliveryJob is a default since Rails 6.0. Be sure that your app is using that class, as it might also be configured to use (deprecated now) ActionMailer::DeliveryJob.

Timeouts

Job timeouts can be configured with an around_perform:

class ApplicationJob < ActiveJob::Base
  JobTimeoutError = Class.new(StandardError)

  around_perform do |_job, block|
    # Timeout jobs after 10 minutes
    Timeout.timeout(10.minutes, JobTimeoutError) do
      block.call
    end
  end
end

Optimize queues, threads, and processes

By default, GoodJob creates a single thread execution pool that will execute jobs from any queue. Depending on your application's workload, job types, and service level objectives, you may wish to optimize execution resources. For example, providing dedicated execution resources for transactional emails so they are not delayed by long-running batch jobs. Some options:

Multiple isolated execution pools within a single process:

For moderate workloads, multiple isolated thread execution pools offers a good balance between congestion management and economy.

A pool is configured with the following syntax <participating_queues>:<thread_count>:
- <participating_queues>: either queue1,queue2 (only those queues), * (all) or -queue1,queue2 (all except those queues).
- <thread_count>: a count overriding for this specific pool the global max-threads.
Pool configurations are separated with a semicolon (;) in the queues configuration
```
$ bundle exec good_job \
    --queues="transactional_messages:2;batch_processing:1;-transactional_messages,batch_processing:2;*" \
    --max-threads=5
```
This configuration will result in a single process with 4 isolated thread execution pools.
- transactional_messages:2: execute jobs enqueued on transactional_messages, with up to 2 threads.
- batch_processing:1 execute jobs enqueued on batch_processing, with a single thread.
- -transactional_messages,batch_processing: execute jobs enqueued on any queue excluding transactional_messages or batch_processing, with up to 2 threads.
- *: execute jobs on any queue, with up to 5 threads (as configured by --max-threads=5).
Configuration can be injected by environment variables too:
```
$ GOOD_JOB_QUEUES="transactional_messages:2;batch_processing:1;-transactional_messages,batch_processing:2;*" \
  GOOD_JOB_MAX_THREADS=5 \
  bundle exec good_job
```
Multiple processes:

While multiple isolated thread execution pools offer a way to provide dedicated execution resources, those resources are bound to a single machine. To scale them independently, define several processes.

For example, this configuration on Heroku allows to customize the dyno count (instances), or type (CPU/RAM), per process type:
```
# Procfile

# Separate process types
worker: bundle exec good_job --max-threads=5
transactional_worker: bundle exec good_job --queues="transactional_messages" --max-threads=2
batch_worker: bundle exec good_job --queues="batch_processing" --max-threads=1
```
To optimize for CPU performance at the expense of greater memory and system resource usage, while keeping a single process type (and thus a single dyno), combine several processes and wait for them:
```
# Procfile

# Combined multi-process
combined_worker: bundle exec good_job --max-threads=5 & bundle exec good_job --queues="transactional_messages" --max-threads=2 & bundle exec good_job --queues="batch_processing" --max-threads=1 & wait -n
```

Keep in mind, queue operations and management is an advanced discipline. This stuff is complex, especially for heavy workloads and unique processing requirements. Good job 👍

Database connections

Each GoodJob execution thread requires its own database connection that is automatically checked out from Rails’ connection pool. Allowing GoodJob to create more threads than available database connections can lead to timeouts and is not recommended. For example:

# config/database.yml
pool: <%= [ENV.fetch("RAILS_MAX_THREADS", 5).to_i, ENV.fetch("GOOD_JOB_MAX_THREADS", 4).to_i].max %>

Execute jobs async / in-process

GoodJob can execute jobs "async" in the same process as the web server (e.g. bin/rails s). GoodJob's async execution mode offers benefits of economy by not requiring a separate job worker process, but with the tradeoff of increased complexity. Async mode can be configured in two ways:

Via Rails configuration:

# config/environments/production.rb
config.active_job.queue_adapter = :good_job

# To change the execution mode
config.good_job.execution_mode = :async

# Or with more configuration
config.good_job = {
  execution_mode: :async,
  max_threads: 4,
  poll_interval: 30
}

Or, with environment variables:

$ GOOD_JOB_EXECUTION_MODE=async GOOD_JOB_MAX_THREADS=4 GOOD_JOB_POLL_INTERVAL=30 bin/rails server

Depending on your application configuration, you may need to take additional steps:

Ensure that you have enough database connections for both web and job execution threads:

# config/database.yml
pool: <%= ENV.fetch("RAILS_MAX_THREADS", 5).to_i + ENV.fetch("GOOD_JOB_MAX_THREADS", 4).to_i %>

When running Puma with workers (WEB_CONCURRENCY > 0) or another process-forking web server, GoodJob's threadpool schedulers should be stopped before forking, restarted after fork, and cleanly shut down on exit. Stopping GoodJob's scheduler pre-fork is recommended to ensure that GoodJob does not continue executing jobs in the parent/controller process. For example, with Puma:

# config/puma.rb

before_fork do
  GoodJob.shutdown
end

on_worker_boot do
  GoodJob.restart
end

on_worker_shutdown do
  GoodJob.shutdown
end

MAIN_PID = Process.pid
at_exit do
  GoodJob.shutdown if Process.pid == MAIN_PID
end

GoodJob is compatible with Puma's preload_app! method.

For Passenger:

if defined? PhusionPassenger
  PhusionPassenger.on_event :starting_worker_process do |forked|
    # If `forked` is true, we're in smart spawning mode.
    # https://www.phusionpassenger.com/docs/advanced_guides/in_depth/ruby/spawn_methods.html#smart-spawning-hooks
    if forked
      GoodJob.logger.info { 'Starting Passenger worker process.' }
      GoodJob.restart
    end
  end

  PhusionPassenger.on_event :stopping_worker_process do
    GoodJob.logger.info { 'Stopping Passenger worker process.' }
    GoodJob.shutdown
  end
end

# GoodJob also starts in the Passenger preloader process. This one does not
# trigger the above events, thus we catch it with `Kernel#at_exit`.
PRELOADER_PID = Process.pid
at_exit do
  if Process.pid == PRELOADER_PID
    GoodJob.logger.info { 'Passenger AppPreloader shutting down.' }
    GoodJob.shutdown
  end
end

If you are using cron-style jobs, you might also want to look at your Passenger configuration, especially at passenger_pool_idle_time and passenger_min_instances to make sure there's always at least once process running that can execute cron-style scheduled jobs. See also Passenger's optimization guide for more information.

Migrate to GoodJob from a different ActiveJob backend

If your application is already using an ActiveJob backend, you will need to install GoodJob to enqueue and perform newly created jobs and finish performing pre-existing jobs on the previous backend.

Enqueue newly created jobs on GoodJob either entirely by setting ActiveJob::Base.queue_adapter = :good_job or progressively via individual job classes:
```
# jobs/specific_job.rb
class SpecificJob < ApplicationJob
  self.queue_adapter = :good_job
  # ...
end
```
Continue running executors for both backends. For example, on Heroku it's possible to run two processes within the same dyno:
```
 # Procfile
 # ...
 worker: bundle exec que ./config/environment.rb & bundle exec good_job & wait -n
```
Once you are confident that no unperformed jobs remain in the previous ActiveJob backend, code and configuration for that backend can be completely removed.

Monitor and preserve worked jobs

GoodJob is fully instrumented with ActiveSupport::Notifications.

By default, GoodJob will delete job records after they are run, regardless of whether they succeed or not (raising a kind of StandardError), unless they are interrupted (raising a kind of Exception).

To preserve job records for later inspection, set an initializer:

# config/initializers/good_job.rb
GoodJob.preserve_job_records = true

It is also necessary to delete these preserved jobs from the database after a certain time period:

For example, in a Rake task:

GoodJob.cleanup_preserved_jobs # Will keep 1 day of job records by default.
GoodJob.cleanup_preserved_jobs(older_than: 7.days) # It also takes custom arguments.

For example, using the good_job command-line utility:

$ bundle exec good_job cleanup_preserved_jobs --before-seconds-ago=86400

PgBouncer compatibility

GoodJob is not compatible with PgBouncer in transaction mode, but is compatible with PgBouncer's connection mode. GoodJob uses connection-based advisory locks and LISTEN/NOTIFY, both of which require full database connections.

A workaround to this limitation is to make a direct database connection available to GoodJob. With Rails 6.0's support for multiple databases, a direct connection to the database can be configured:

Define a direct connection to your database that is not proxied through PgBouncer, for example:

# config/database.yml

production:
  primary:
    url: postgres://pgbouncer_host/my_database
  primary_direct:
    url: postgres://database_host/my_database

Create a new ActiveRecord base class that uses the direct database connection

# app/models/application_direct_record.rb

class ApplicationDirectRecord < ActiveRecord::Base
  self.abstract_class = true
  connects_to database: :primary_direct
end

Configure GoodJob to use the newly created ActiveRecord base class:

# config/initializers/good_job.rb

GoodJob.active_record_parent_class = "ApplicationDirectRecord"

Contribute

Contributions are welcomed and appreciated 🙏

Review the Prioritized Project Backlog.
Open a new Issue or contribute to an existing Issue. Questions or suggestions are fantastic.
Participate according to our Code of Conduct.

Gem development

To run tests:

# Clone the repository locally
$ git clone [email protected]:bensheldon/good_job.git

# Set up the local environment
$ bin/setup

# Run the tests
$ bin/rspec

This gem uses Appraisal to run tests against multiple versions of Rails:

# Install Appraisal(s) gemfiles
$ bundle exec appraisal

# Run tests
$ bundle exec appraisal bin/rspec

For developing locally within another Ruby on Rails project:

# Within Ruby on Rails directory...
$ bundle config local.good_job /path/to/local/git/repository

# Confirm that the local copy is used
$ bundle install

# => Using good_job 0.1.0 from https://github.com/bensheldon/good_job.git (at /Users/You/Projects/good_job@dc57fb0)

Release

Package maintainers can release this gem by running:

# Sign into rubygems
$ gem signin

# Add a .env file with the following:
# CHANGELOG_GITHUB_TOKEN= # Github Personal Access Token

# Update version number, changelog, and create git commit:
$ bundle exec rake release[minor] # major,minor,patch

# ..and follow subsequent directions.

License

The gem is available as open source under the terms of the MIT License.

Name		Name	Last commit message	Last commit date
Latest commit History 518 Commits
.github		.github
bin		bin
engine		engine
examples/rc.d		examples/rc.d
exe		exe
gemfiles		gemfiles
lib		lib
scripts		scripts
spec		spec
.editorconfig		.editorconfig
.env-example		.env-example
.erb-lint.yml		.erb-lint.yml
.gitignore		.gitignore
.mdstyle.rb		.mdstyle.rb
.rspec		.rspec
.rubocop.yml		.rubocop.yml
.rubocop_todo.yml		.rubocop_todo.yml
.ruby-version		.ruby-version
.yard_support.rb		.yard_support.rb
.yardopts		.yardopts
Appraisals		Appraisals
CHANGELOG.md		CHANGELOG.md
CODE_OF_CONDUCT.md		CODE_OF_CONDUCT.md
Gemfile		Gemfile
Gemfile.lock		Gemfile.lock
KUDOS.md		KUDOS.md
LICENSE.txt		LICENSE.txt
Procfile		Procfile
README.md		README.md
Rakefile		Rakefile
SCREENSHOT.png		SCREENSHOT.png
app.json		app.json
good_job.gemspec		good_job.gemspec

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GoodJob

Table of contents

Set up

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Command-line options

`good_job start`

`good_job cleanup_preserved_jobs`

Configuration options

Global options

Dashboard

ActiveJob concurrency

Cron-style repeating/recurring jobs

Updating

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Upgrading v1 to v2

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Exceptions, retries, and reliability

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Optimize queues, threads, and processes

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Migrate to GoodJob from a different ActiveJob backend

Monitor and preserve worked jobs

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GoodJob

Table of contents

Set up

Compatibility

Configuration

Command-line options

good_job start

good_job cleanup_preserved_jobs

Configuration options

Global options

Dashboard

ActiveJob concurrency

Cron-style repeating/recurring jobs

Updating

Upgrading minor versions

Upgrading v1 to v2

Go deeper

Exceptions, retries, and reliability

Exceptions

Retries

ActionMailer retries

Timeouts

Optimize queues, threads, and processes

Database connections

Execute jobs async / in-process

Migrate to GoodJob from a different ActiveJob backend

Monitor and preserve worked jobs

PgBouncer compatibility

Contribute

Gem development

Release

License

About

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