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_migrations/getting-started-data-migration.md

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+---
+layout: default
+title: Quickstart: Data migration
+nav_order: 10
+---
+
+# Getting started: Data migration
+
+This quickstart outlines how to deploy Migration Assistant for OpenSearch and execute an existing data migration using `Reindex-from-Snapshot` (RFS). It uses AWS for illustrative purposes. However, the steps can be modified for use with other cloud providers.
+
+
+## Prerequisites and assumptions
+
+Before using this quickstart, make sure you fulfill the following prerequisites:
+
+* Verify that your migration path [is supported](https://opensearch.org/docs/latest/migrations/is-migration-assistant-right-for-you/#supported-migration-paths). Note that we test with the exact versions specified, but you should be able to migrate data on alternative minor versions as long as the major version is supported.
+* The source cluster must be deployed Amazon Simple Storage Service (Amazon S3) plugin.
+* The target cluster must be deployed.
+
+The steps in this guide assume the following:
+
+* In this guide, a snapshot will be taken and stored in Amazon S3; the following assumptions are made about this snapshot:
+  * The `_source` flag is enabled on all indexes to be migrated.
+  * The snapshot includes the global cluster state (`include_global_state` is `true`).
+  * Shard sizes of up to approximately 80 GB are supported. Larger shards cannot be migrated. If this presents challenges for your migration, contact the [migration team](https://opensearch.slack.com/archives/C054JQ6UJFK).
+* Migration Assistant will be installed in the same AWS Region and have access to both the source snapshot and target cluster.
+
+---
+
+## Step 1: Installing Bootstrap on an Amazon EC2 instance (~10 minutes)
+
+To begin your migration, use the following steps to install a `bootstrap` box on an Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (Amazon EC2) instance. The instance uses AWS CloudFormation to create and manage the stack.
+
+1. Log in to the target AWS account in which you want to deploy Migration Assistant.
+2. From the browser where you are logged in to your target AWS account, right-click [here](https://console.aws.amazon.com/cloudformation/home?region=us-east-1#/stacks/new?templateURL=https://solutions-reference.s3.amazonaws.com/migration-assistant-for-amazon-opensearch-service/latest/migration-assistant-for-amazon-opensearch-service.template&redirectId=SolutionWeb) to load the CloudFormation template from a new browser tab.
+3. Follow the CloudFormation stack wizard:
+   * **Stack Name:** `MigrationBootstrap`
+   * **Stage Name:** `dev`
+   * Choose **Next** after each step > **Acknowledge** > **Submit**.
+4. Verify that the Bootstrap stack exists and is set to `CREATE_COMPLETE`. This process takes around 10 minutes to complete.
+
+---
+
+## Step 2: Setting up Bootstrap instance access (~5 minutes)
+
+Use the following steps to set up Bootstrap instance access:
+
+1. After deployment, find the EC2 instance ID for the `bootstrap-dev-instance`.
+2. Create an AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM) policy using the following snippet, replacing `<aws-region>`, `<aws-account>`, `<stage>`, and `<ec2-instance-id>` with your information:
+
+    ```json
+    {
+        "Version": "2012-10-17",
+        "Statement": [
+            {
+                "Effect": "Allow",
+                "Action": "ssm:StartSession",
+                "Resource": [
+                    "arn:aws:ec2:<aws-region>:<aws-account>:instance/<ec2-instance-id>",
+                    "arn:aws:ssm:<aws-region>:<aws-account>:document/BootstrapShellDoc-<stage>-<aws-region>"
+                ]
+            }
+        ]
+    }
+    ```
+
+3. Name the policy, for example, `SSM-OSMigrationBootstrapAccess`, and then create the policy by selecting **Create policy**.
+
+---
+
+## Step 3: Logging in to Bootstrap and building Migration Assistant (~15 minutes)
+
+Next, log in to to Bootstrap and build Migration Assistant using the following steps.
+
+### Prerequisites
+
+To use these steps, make sure you fulfill the following prerequisites:
+
+* The AWS Command Line Interface (AWS CLI) and AWS Session Manager plugin are installed on your instance.
+* The AWS credentials are configured (`aws configure`) for your instance.
+
+### Steps
+
+1. Load AWS credentials into your terminal.
+2. Log in to the instance using the following command, replacing `<instance-id>` and `<aws-region>` with your instance ID and Region:
+
+    ```bash
+    aws ssm start-session --document-name BootstrapShellDoc-<stage>-<aws-region> --target <instance-id> --region <aws-region> [--profile <profile-name>]
+    ```
+
+3. Once logged in, run the following command from the shell of the Bootstrap instance in the `/opensearch-migrations` directory:
+
+    ```bash
+    ./initBootstrap.sh && cd deployment/cdk/opensearch-service-migration
+    ```
+
+4. After a successful build, note the path for infrastructure deployment, which will be used in the next step.
+
+---
+
+## Step 4: Configuring and deploying RFS (~20 minutes)
+
+Use the following steps to configure and deploy RFS:
+
+1. Add the target cluster password to AWS Secrets Manager as an unstructured string. Be sure to copy the secret Amazon Resource Name (ARN) for use during deployment.
+2. From the same shell as the Bootstrap instance, modify the `cdk.context.json` file located in the `/opensearch-migrations/deployment/cdk/opensearch-service-migration` directory:
+
+    ```json
+    {
+    "migration-assistant": {
+        "vpcId": "<TARGET CLUSTER VPC ID>",
+        "targetCluster": {
+            "endpoint": "<TARGET CLUSTER ENDPOINT>",
+            "auth": {
+                "type": "basic",
+                "username": "<TARGET CLUSTER USERNAME>",
+                "passwordFromSecretArn": "<TARGET CLUSTER PASSWORD SECRET>"
+            }
+        },
+        "sourceCluster": {
+            "endpoint": "<SOURCE CLUSTER ENDPOINT>",
+            "auth": {
+                "type": "basic",
+                "username": "<TARGET CLUSTER USERNAME>",
+                "passwordFromSecretArn": "<TARGET CLUSTER PASSWORD SECRET>"
+            }
+        },
+        "reindexFromSnapshotExtraArgs": "<RFS PARAMETERS (see below)>",
+        "stage": "dev",
+        "otelCollectorEnabled": true,
+        "migrationConsoleServiceEnabled": true,
+        "reindexFromSnapshotServiceEnabled": true,
+        "migrationAssistanceEnabled": true
+    }
+    }
+    ```
+
+    The source and target cluster authorization can be configured to have no authorization, `basic` with a username and password, or `sigv4`. 
+
+3. Bootstrap the account with the following command:
+
+    ```bash
+    cdk bootstrap --c contextId=migration-assistant --require-approval never 
+    ```
+
+4. Deploy the stacks:
+
+    ```bash
+    cdk deploy "*" --c contextId=migration-assistant --require-approval never --concurrency 5
+    ```
+
+5. Verify that all CloudFormation stacks were installed successfully.
+
+### RFS parameters
+
+If you're creating a snapshot using migration tooling, these parameters are automatically configured. If you're using an existing snapshot, modify the `reindexFromSnapshotExtraArgs` setting with the following values:
+
+    ```bash
+    --s3-repo-uri s3://<bucket-name>/<repo> --s3-region <region> --snapshot-name <name>
+    ```
+
+You will also need to give the `migrationconsole` and `reindexFromSnapshot` TaskRoles permissions to the S3 bucket. 
+
+---
+
+## Step 5: Deploying Migration Assistant
+
+To deploy Migration Assistant, use the following steps:
+
+1. Bootstrap the account:
+
+    ```bash
+    cdk bootstrap --c contextId=migration-assistant --require-approval never --concurrency 5
+    ```
+2. Deploy the stacks when `cdk.context.json` is fully configured:
+
+    ```bash
+    cdk deploy "*" --c contextId=migration-assistant --require-approval never --concurrency 3
+    ```
+
+These commands deploy the following stacks:
+
+* Migration Assistant network stack
+* Reindex From Snapshot stack
+* Migration console stack
+
+---
+
+## Step 6: Accessing the migration console
+
+Run the following command to access the migration console:
+
+```bash
+./accessContainer.sh migration-console dev <region>
+```
+
+
+`accessContainer.sh` is located in `/opensearch-migrations/deployment/cdk/opensearch-service-migration/` on the Bootstrap instance. To learn more, see [Accessing the migration console].
+`{: .note}
+
+---
+
+## Step 7: Verifying the connection to the source and target clusters
+
+To verify the connection to the clusters, run the following command:
+
+```bash
+console clusters connection-check
+```
+
+You should receive the following output:
+
+```
+* **Source Cluster:** Successfully connected!
+* **Target Cluster:** Successfully connected!
+```
+
+To learn more about migration console commands, see [Migration commands].
+
+---
+
+## Step 8: Snapshot creation
+
+Run the following to initiate creating a snapshot from the source cluster:
+
+```bash
+console snapshot create [...]
+```
+
+To check on the progress of the snapshot creation, use:
+
+```bash
+console snapshot status [...]
+```
+
+To learn more information about the snapshot, run the following command:
+
+```bash
+console snapshot status --deep-check [...]
+```
+
+Wait for snapshot creation to complete before moving to step 9.
+
+To learn more about snapshot creation, see [Snapshot Creation].
+
+---
+
+## Step 9: Metadata migration
+
+Run the following command to migrate metadata:
+
+```bash
+console metadata migrate [...]
+```
+
+For more information, see [Metadata migration].
+
+---
+
+## Step 10: RFS document migration
+
+You can now use RFS to migrate documents from your original cluster:
+
+1. To start the migration from RFS, start a `backfill` using the following command:
+
+    ```bash
+    console backfill start
+    ```
+
+2. _(Optional)_ To speed up the migration, increase the number of documents processed at a simultaneously by using the following command:
+
+    ```bash
+    console backfill scale <NUM_WORKERS>
+    ```
+
+3. To check the status of the documentation backfill, use the following command:
+
+    ```bash
+    console backfill status
+    ```
+
+4. If you need to stop the backfill process, use the following command:
+
+    ```bash
+    console backfill stop
+    ```
+
+For more information, see [Backfill execution].
+
+---
+
+## Step 11: Backfill monitoring
+
+Use the following command for detailed monitoring of the backfill process:
+
+```bash
+console backfill status --deep-check
+```
+
+You should receive the following output:
+
+```json
+BackfillStatus.RUNNING
+Running=9
+Pending=1
+Desired=10
+Shards total: 62
+Shards completed: 46
+Shards incomplete: 16
+Shards in progress: 11
+Shards unclaimed: 5
+```
+
+Logs and metrics are available in Amazon CloudWatch in the `OpenSearchMigrations` log group.
+
+---
+
+## Step 12: Verify that all documents were migrated 
+
+Use the following query in CloudWatch Logs Insights to identify failed documents:
+
+```bash
+fields @message
+| filter @message like "Bulk request succeeded, but some operations failed."
+| sort @timestamp desc
+| limit 10000
+```
+
+If any failed documents are identified, you can index the failed documents directly as opposed to using RFS.
+
+For more information, see [Backfill migration].