Safer poll timeout

CHANGELOG.md

@@ -19,6 +19,8 @@ This project adheres to [Semantic Versioning](https://semver.org/).
 - With I/O-safe type applied in `pty::OpenptyResult` and `pty::ForkptyResult`,
   users no longer need to manually close the file descriptors in these types.
   ([#1921](https://github.com/nix-rust/nix/pull/1921))
+- The `timeout` argument of `poll::poll` is now of type `poll::PollTimeout`.
+  ([#1876](https://github.com/nix-rust/nix/pull/1876))
 
 ### Fixed
 ### Removed

src/poll.rs

@@ -1,5 +1,8 @@
 //! Wait for events to trigger on specific file descriptors
+use std::convert::TryFrom;
+use std::fmt;
 use std::os::unix::io::{AsRawFd, RawFd};
+use std::time::Duration;
 
 use crate::errno::Errno;
 use crate::Result;
@@ -132,6 +135,255 @@ libc_bitflags! {
     }
 }
 
+/// Timeout argument for [`poll`].
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, Eq, PartialEq)]
+pub struct PollTimeout(i32);
+
+/// Error type for [`PollTimeout::try_from::<i128>::()`].
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy)]
+pub enum TryFromI128Error {
+    /// Value is less than -1.
+    Underflow(crate::Errno),
+    /// Value is greater than [`i32::MAX`].
+    Overflow(<i32 as TryFrom<i128>>::Error),
+}
+impl fmt::Display for TryFromI128Error {
+    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
+        match self {
+            Self::Underflow(err) => write!(f, "Underflow: {err}"),
+            Self::Overflow(err) => write!(f, "Overflow: {err}"),
+        }
+    }
+}
+impl std::error::Error for TryFromI128Error {}
+
+/// Error type for [`PollTimeout::try_from::<i68>()`].
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy)]
+pub enum TryFromI64Error {
+    /// Value is less than -1.
+    Underflow(crate::Errno),
+    /// Value is greater than [`i32::MAX`].
+    Overflow(<i32 as TryFrom<i64>>::Error),
+}
+impl fmt::Display for TryFromI64Error {
+    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
+        match self {
+            Self::Underflow(err) => write!(f, "Underflow: {err}"),
+            Self::Overflow(err) => write!(f, "Overflow: {err}"),
+        }
+    }
+}
+impl std::error::Error for TryFromI64Error {}
+
+// These cases implement slightly different conversions that make using generics impossible without
+// specialization.
+impl PollTimeout {
+    /// Blocks indefinitely.
+    pub const NONE: Self = Self(-1);
+    /// Returns immediately.
+    pub const ZERO: Self = Self(0);
+    /// Blocks for at most [`std::i32::MAX`] milliseconds.
+    pub const MAX: Self = Self(i32::MAX);
+    /// Returns if `self` equals [`PollTimeout::NONE`].
+    pub fn is_none(&self) -> bool {
+        *self == Self::NONE
+    }
+    /// Returns if `self` does not equal [`PollTimeout::NONE`].
+    pub fn is_some(&self) -> bool {
+        !self.is_none()
+    }
+    /// Returns the timeout in milliseconds if there is some, otherwise returns `None`.
+    pub fn timeout(&self) -> Option<i32> {
+        self.is_some().then_some(self.0)
+    }
+}
+impl TryFrom<Duration> for PollTimeout {
+    type Error = <i32 as TryFrom<u128>>::Error;
+    fn try_from(x: Duration) -> std::result::Result<Self, Self::Error> {
+        Ok(Self(i32::try_from(x.as_millis())?))
+    }
+}
+impl TryFrom<u128> for PollTimeout {
+    type Error = <i32 as TryFrom<u128>>::Error;
+    fn try_from(x: u128) -> std::result::Result<Self, Self::Error> {
+        Ok(Self(i32::try_from(x)?))
+    }
+}
+impl TryFrom<u64> for PollTimeout {
+    type Error = <i32 as TryFrom<u64>>::Error;
+    fn try_from(x: u64) -> std::result::Result<Self, Self::Error> {
+        Ok(Self(i32::try_from(x)?))
+    }
+}
+impl TryFrom<u32> for PollTimeout {
+    type Error = <i32 as TryFrom<u32>>::Error;
+    fn try_from(x: u32) -> std::result::Result<Self, Self::Error> {
+        Ok(Self(i32::try_from(x)?))
+    }
+}
+impl From<u16> for PollTimeout {
+    fn from(x: u16) -> Self {
+        Self(i32::from(x))
+    }
+}
+impl From<u8> for PollTimeout {
+    fn from(x: u8) -> Self {
+        Self(i32::from(x))
+    }
+}
+impl TryFrom<i128> for PollTimeout {
+    type Error = TryFromI128Error;
+    fn try_from(x: i128) -> std::result::Result<Self, Self::Error> {
+        match x {
+            -1 => Ok(Self::NONE),
+            millis @ 0.. => Ok(Self(
+                i32::try_from(millis).map_err(TryFromI128Error::Overflow)?,
+            )),
+            // EINVAL (ppoll()) The timeout value expressed in *ip is invalid (negative).
+            _ => Err(TryFromI128Error::Underflow(Errno::EINVAL)),
+        }
+    }
+}
+impl TryFrom<i64> for PollTimeout {
+    type Error = TryFromI64Error;
+    fn try_from(x: i64) -> std::result::Result<Self, Self::Error> {
+        match x {
+            -1 => Ok(Self::NONE),
+            millis @ 0.. => Ok(Self(
+                i32::try_from(millis).map_err(TryFromI64Error::Overflow)?,
+            )),
+            // EINVAL (ppoll()) The timeout value expressed in *ip is invalid (negative).
+            _ => Err(TryFromI64Error::Underflow(Errno::EINVAL)),
+        }
+    }
+}
+impl TryFrom<i32> for PollTimeout {
+    type Error = Errno;
+    fn try_from(x: i32) -> Result<Self> {
+        match x {
+            -1 => Ok(Self::NONE),
+            millis @ 0.. => Ok(Self(millis)),
+            // EINVAL (ppoll()) The timeout value expressed in *ip is invalid (negative).
+            _ => Err(Errno::EINVAL),
+        }
+    }
+}
+impl TryFrom<i16> for PollTimeout {
+    type Error = Errno;
+    fn try_from(x: i16) -> Result<Self> {
+        match x {
+            -1 => Ok(Self::NONE),
+            millis @ 0.. => Ok(Self(millis.into())),
+            // EINVAL (ppoll()) The timeout value expressed in *ip is invalid (negative).
+            _ => Err(Errno::EINVAL),
+        }
+    }
+}
+impl TryFrom<i8> for PollTimeout {
+    type Error = Errno;
+    fn try_from(x: i8) -> Result<Self> {
+        match x {
+            -1 => Ok(Self::NONE),
+            millis @ 0.. => Ok(Self(millis.into())),
+            // EINVAL (ppoll()) The timeout value expressed in *ip is invalid (negative).
+            _ => Err(Errno::EINVAL),
+        }
+    }
+}
+impl TryFrom<PollTimeout> for Duration {
+    type Error = ();
+    fn try_from(x: PollTimeout) -> std::result::Result<Self, ()> {
+        match x.timeout() {
+            // SAFETY: `x.0` is always positive.
+            Some(millis) => Ok(Duration::from_millis(unsafe {
+                u64::try_from(millis).unwrap_unchecked()
+            })),
+            None => Err(()),
+        }
+    }
+}
+impl TryFrom<PollTimeout> for u128 {
+    type Error = ();
+    fn try_from(x: PollTimeout) -> std::result::Result<Self, ()> {
+        match x.timeout() {
+            // SAFETY: When `x.timeout()` returns `Some(a)`, `a` is always positive.
+            Some(millis) => {
+                Ok(unsafe { Self::try_from(millis).unwrap_unchecked() })
+            }
+            None => Err(()),
+        }
+    }
+}
+impl TryFrom<PollTimeout> for u64 {
+    type Error = ();
+    fn try_from(x: PollTimeout) -> std::result::Result<Self, ()> {
+        match x.timeout() {
+            // SAFETY: When `x.timeout()` returns `Some(a)`, `a` is always positive.
+            Some(millis) => {
+                Ok(unsafe { Self::try_from(millis).unwrap_unchecked() })
+            }
+            None => Err(()),
+        }
+    }
+}
+impl TryFrom<PollTimeout> for u32 {
+    type Error = ();
+    fn try_from(x: PollTimeout) -> std::result::Result<Self, ()> {
+        match x.timeout() {
+            // SAFETY: When `x.timeout()` returns `Some(a)`, `a` is always positive.
+            Some(millis) => {
+                Ok(unsafe { Self::try_from(millis).unwrap_unchecked() })
+            }
+            None => Err(()),
+        }
+    }
+}
+impl TryFrom<PollTimeout> for u16 {
+    type Error = Option<<Self as TryFrom<i32>>::Error>;
+    fn try_from(x: PollTimeout) -> std::result::Result<Self, Self::Error> {
+        match x.timeout() {
+            Some(millis) => Ok(Self::try_from(millis).map_err(Some)?),
+            None => Err(None),
+        }
+    }
+}
+impl TryFrom<PollTimeout> for u8 {
+    type Error = Option<<Self as TryFrom<i32>>::Error>;
+    fn try_from(x: PollTimeout) -> std::result::Result<Self, Self::Error> {
+        match x.timeout() {
+            Some(millis) => Ok(Self::try_from(millis).map_err(Some)?),
+            None => Err(None),
+        }
+    }
+}
+impl From<PollTimeout> for i128 {
+    fn from(x: PollTimeout) -> Self {
+        x.timeout().unwrap_or(-1).into()
+    }
+}
+impl From<PollTimeout> for i64 {
+    fn from(x: PollTimeout) -> Self {
+        x.timeout().unwrap_or(-1).into()
+    }
+}
+impl From<PollTimeout> for i32 {
+    fn from(x: PollTimeout) -> Self {
+        x.timeout().unwrap_or(-1)
+    }
+}
+impl TryFrom<PollTimeout> for i16 {
+    type Error = <Self as TryFrom<i32>>::Error;
+    fn try_from(x: PollTimeout) -> std::result::Result<Self, Self::Error> {
+        Self::try_from(x.timeout().unwrap_or(-1))
+    }
+}
+impl TryFrom<PollTimeout> for i8 {
+    type Error = <Self as TryFrom<i32>>::Error;
+    fn try_from(x: PollTimeout) -> std::result::Result<Self, Self::Error> {
+        Self::try_from(x.timeout().unwrap_or(-1))
+    }
+}
+
 /// `poll` waits for one of a set of file descriptors to become ready to perform I/O.
 /// ([`poll(2)`](https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/poll.html))
 ///
@@ -148,16 +400,16 @@ libc_bitflags! {
 ///
 /// Note that the timeout interval will be rounded up to the system clock
 /// granularity, and kernel scheduling delays mean that the blocking
-/// interval may overrun by a small amount.  Specifying a negative value
-/// in timeout means an infinite timeout.  Specifying a timeout of zero
-/// causes `poll()` to return immediately, even if no file descriptors are
-/// ready.
-pub fn poll(fds: &mut [PollFd], timeout: libc::c_int) -> Result<libc::c_int> {
+/// interval may overrun by a small amount.  Specifying a [`PollTimeout::NONE`]
+/// in timeout means an infinite timeout.  Specifying a timeout of
+/// [`PollTimeout::ZERO`] causes `poll()` to return immediately, even if no file
+/// descriptors are ready.
+pub fn poll(fds: &mut [PollFd], timeout: PollTimeout) -> Result<libc::c_int> {
     let res = unsafe {
         libc::poll(
             fds.as_mut_ptr() as *mut libc::pollfd,
             fds.len() as libc::nfds_t,
-            timeout,
+            timeout.into(),
         )
     };
 

test/test_poll.rs

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 use nix::{
     errno::Errno,
-    poll::{poll, PollFd, PollFlags},
+    poll::{poll, PollFd, PollFlags, PollTimeout},
     unistd::{pipe, write},
 };
 
@@ -22,14 +22,14 @@ fn test_poll() {
     let mut fds = [PollFd::new(r, PollFlags::POLLIN)];
 
     // Poll an idle pipe.  Should timeout
-    let nfds = loop_while_eintr!(poll(&mut fds, 100));
+    let nfds = loop_while_eintr!(poll(&mut fds, PollTimeout::from(100u8)));
     assert_eq!(nfds, 0);
     assert!(!fds[0].revents().unwrap().contains(PollFlags::POLLIN));
 
     write(w, b".").unwrap();
 
     // Poll a readable pipe.  Should return an event.
-    let nfds = poll(&mut fds, 100).unwrap();
+    let nfds = poll(&mut fds, PollTimeout::from(100u8)).unwrap();
     assert_eq!(nfds, 1);
     assert!(fds[0].revents().unwrap().contains(PollFlags::POLLIN));
 }