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Merge branch 'mkda' of github.com:neurostuff/compose-docs into mkda
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adelavega committed Jan 2, 2024
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4 changes: 2 additions & 2 deletions blog/2024-1-2-new-year.md
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Expand Up @@ -18,13 +18,13 @@ We’ve also continued to introduce new features and improve the user experience

**Large-scale association tests**

A key feature that set aside Neurosynth were large-scale “association tests” (previously referred to as “reverse inference” test)
A key feature that set aside Neurosynth were large-scale “association tests” (previously referred to as “reverse inference” tests).

Whereas a typical meta-analysis tells you about the consistency of activation in a set of studies, an association test tells you whether activation in a region occurs *more consistently for studies in your set of studies versus a large reference sample of studies*.

Neurosynth leverages large-scale neuroimaging datasets as a reference to which you can compare the specific studies in given meta-analysis.

That's important, because this effectively allows you to control for base rate differences between regions. Certain regions, such as the insula or lateral PFC for instance, play a very broad role in cognition, and hence tend to be consistently activated for many different terms. Thus, if you see insula activity in your meta-analysis, you can erroneously conclude that the insula is involved in the process of your study. A large-scale association test lets you determine if the activity you observe in a region occurs to a greater extent in your meta-analysis than in other studies, making it possible to make more confident claims that a given region is involved in a particular process, and isn't involved in just about every task.
That's important, because this effectively allows you to control for base rate differences between regions. Certain regions, such as the insula or lateral PFC for instance, play a very broad role in cognition, and hence tend to be consistently activated for many different terms. Thus, if you see insula activity in your meta-analysis, you might erroneously conclude that the insula is involved in the process of your study. A large-scale association test lets you determine if the activity you observe in a region occurs to a greater extent in your meta-analysis than in other studies, making it possible to make more confident claims that a given region is involved in a particular process, and isn't involved in just about every task.

Previously these association tests were available for the automatically generated maps on neurosynth.org. **Now you can perform large-scale association tests for your custom meta-analyses in Neurosynth Compose.**

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2 changes: 1 addition & 1 deletion docs/tutorial/advanced/mkda_association.md
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Expand Up @@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ The uniformity test map can be interpreted in roughly the same way as most stand

- **Association test map**: z-scores from a two-way ANOVA testing for the presence of a non-zero association between term use and voxel activation.

The association test maps tell you whether activation in a region occurs more consistently for studies in your meta-analysis m than for other studies in the reference dataset. In other words, a large positive z-score implies that studies in a meta-analysis are more likely to report XXX activation than studies whose abstracts don't include the word 'emotion'.
The association test maps tell you whether activation in a region **XXX** occurs more consistently for studies in your meta-analytic sample **m** than for other studies in the reference dataset. In other words, a large positive z-score implies that studies in a meta-analysis are more likely to report **XXX** activation than studies whose abstracts don't include the word 'emotion'.

Note that association maps *do not* tell you what the probability of a given psychological concept or task is. High Z-scores do not imply that a certain region or voxel is *selective* for a given concept or task. Instead, it just means there is evidence that there is at least a non-zero difference between reference studies, and studies in the meta-analysis.

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