[itpp] Fix runtime errors

[jimwang118]

Fixes #42855

./test
*** Assertion failed in /mnt/vcpkg/buildtrees/itpp/src/itpp-4-85e4b0a512.clean/itpp/base/mat.cpp on line 176:
Mat<>::operator*(): Wrong sizes (m1.rows() == m2.cols())
Aborted (core dumped)

Fix runtime errors using upstream code.

• Changes comply with the maintainer guide.
• SHA512s are updated for each updated download.
• The "supports" clause reflects platforms that may be fixed by this new version.
• Any fixed CI baseline entries are removed from that file.
• Any patches that are no longer applied are deleted from the port's directory.
• The version database is fixed by rerunning ./vcpkg x-add-version --all and committing the result.
• Only one version is added to each modified port's versions file.

Usage test passed with x64-linux triplet.