Fix whitespace in number parsing

[thaliaarchi]

This is two separate number parsing bug fixes:

Do not skip leading whitespace in jvp_strtod

jvp_strtod skips leading whitespace, but its decnum counterpart decNumberFromString (called within jv_number_with_literal) does not. Those two are called interchangeably, so it leads to inconsistent behavior depending on whether the decnum feature is enabled. Additionally, classify, used in the token scanner, only considers [ \t\n\r] to be whitespace, but jvp_strtod consumes the larger set [ \t\n\v\f\r], so those extra characters are considered literals.

Commit ce0e788 (improve tonumber/0 performance by parsing input as number literal, 2024-03-02) changed tonumber to not accept leading or trailing whitespace. However, this case was missed.

Changing this deviates from the behavior of strdod from <stdlib.h> and is technically a breaking API change, since it is a public symbol.

$ ./configure
$ make -j8
$ ./jq -n '" 123" | tonumber'
jq: error (at <unknown>): string (" 123") cannot be parsed as a number
$ ./jq -n '"123 " | tonumber'
jq: error (at <unknown>): string ("123 ") cannot be parsed as a number

$ make clean
$ ./configure --disable-decnum
$ make -j8
$ ./jq -n '" 123" | tonumber'
123
$ ./jq -n '"123 " | tonumber'
jq: error (at <unknown>): string ("123 ") cannot be parsed as a number

Handle input errors for --indent

Handle malformed and overflowing arguments. Also, forbid leading and trailing spaces to match the behavior of tonumber.

This will produce a merge conflict in conjunction with PR#3194 Parse short options in order given, because they modify the same area. However, they are logically independent and can be merged in either order. After the first merge, I will rebase the second onto the first. Done

[emanuele6]

The patch is fine, but I have missed why we want to make tonumber/0, in the next version of jq, no longer ignore trailing and leading whitespace instead of just making skip whitespace before and after also when using decNum to not change the behaviour.

[emanuele6]

Because that is what gojq also does, I guess