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Merge pull request #19392 from JamesDeFabia/HPCC-33062DaliRestore
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HPCC-33062 Document the process to restore Dali from backup

Reviewed-By: Greg Panagiotatos <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Jake Smith <[email protected]>
Merged-by: Gavin Halliday <[email protected]>
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ghalliday authored Jan 20, 2025
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workunits in the event of a loss. In addition it would affect every
other Thor/Roxie cluster in the same environment if you lose this
node.</para>

<sect4 id="DaliRestore">
<title>Restoring Dali from backup</title>

<para>If configured correctly, Dali creates a backup or mirror
copy to a secondary location on another physical server.
(Bare-metal only).</para>

<para>Systems can be configured with their own scheduled backup to
create a snapshot of the primary store files to a custom location.
The same steps apply when using a snapshot copy of a backup set as
when using the mirror copy. In other words, this technique applies
to either bare-metal or k8s deployments.</para>

<para>The Dali meta files are comprised of:</para>

<orderedlist>
<listitem>
<para><emphasis role="bold">store.&lt;NNNN&gt;</emphasis>
(e.g., store.36). This file is a reference to the current Dali
meta file edition. There should never be more than one of
these files. The NNNN is used to determine the current base
and delta files in use.</para>
</listitem>

<listitem>
<para><emphasis role="bold">dalisds&lt;NNNN&gt;.xml</emphasis>
(e.g., dalisds36.xml). This is the main Dali meta info file,
containing all logical file, workunit, and state information.
Sasha (or Dali on save) periodically creates new versions
(with incrementally rising NNNN’s). It will keep the last T
copies (default 10) based on the configuration option
“keepStores”.</para>
</listitem>

<listitem>
<para><emphasis role="bold">daliinc&lt;NNNN&gt;.xml</emphasis>
(e.g., daliinc36.xml). This is the delta transaction log. Dali
continuously writes to this file, recording all changes that
are made to any meta data. It is used to playback changes and
apply them to the base meta info from the
dalisds&lt;NNNN&gt;xml file.</para>

<para>Specifically, when Sasha creates a new store version, it
loads the base file (e.g., dalisds36.xml), then loads and
applies the delta file (e.g., daliinc36.xml). Sasha then has
its own independent representation of the current state and
saves a new base file (e.g., dalisds(NNNN+1).xml).</para>
</listitem>

<listitem>
<para><emphasis role="bold">dalidet&lt;NNNN&gt;.xml</emphasis>
(e.g., dalidet36.xml). This file is created at the point that
Sasha starts the process of creating a new base file. At which
point it atomically renames the delta transaction file to a
‘det’ file (short for 'detached'). For example, it renames
daliinc36.xml to dalidet36.xml. Dali then continues to write
new transactions to daliinc36.xml.</para>
</listitem>

<listitem>
<para><emphasis
role="bold">dalisds_&lt;MMMM&gt;.bv2</emphasis> files. These
files are in effect part of the main store (part of
dalisdsNNNN.xml). They are single large values that were
deemed too big to keep in Dali memory, and written to disk
separately instead (and are loaded on demand).</para>
</listitem>
</orderedlist>

<para>If Dali is shutdown cleanly and saves its files as expected,
the daliinc*.xml and dalidet*.xml files are not needed, since it
saves the entire state of the store directly from internal memory,
and on startup, there is no daliincNNNN.xml or dalidetNNNN.xml
related to the new version.</para>

<para>These transaction delta files are only used by Sasha when
creating new versions of the base store or if Dali has been
stopped abruptly (e.g., machine rebooted). If Dali restarts after
an unclean exit, there will be a daliincNNN.xml (and possibly a
dalidetNNNN.xml file if Sasha was actively creating a new version
at the time). In those cases, Dali will load these files in
addition to the base file.</para>

<para>By default Dali’s main data store directory is
/var/lib/HPCCSystems/hpcc-data/dali/ . In other words, all meta
data is written to and read from this location.</para>

<para>When restoring from a backup: <orderedlist>
<listitem>
<para>Make sure Dali is not running</para>
</listitem>

<listitem>
<para>Make sure the /var/lib/HPCCSystems/hpcc-data/dali
folder is empty.</para>
</listitem>

<listitem>
<para>Copy all pertinent backup file into the
/var/lib/HPCCSystems/hpcc-data/dali folder:</para>

<itemizedlist>
<listitem>
<para>One store.NNNN file</para>
</listitem>

<listitem>
<para>One dalisdsNNNN.xml file</para>
</listitem>

<listitem>
<para>&lt;=1 daliincNNNN.xml file (only if
present)</para>
</listitem>

<listitem>
<para>&lt;=1 dalidetNNNN.xml file (only if
present)</para>
</listitem>

<listitem>
<para>All dalisds_MMMM.bv2 files.</para>
</listitem>
</itemizedlist>
</listitem>
</orderedlist>Other/older dalisds/daliinc/dalidet editions could
be copied, but the above are the only ones that will be used. In
other words, only the NNNN version based on the single store.NNNN
file will be loaded.</para>

<para>The automatic back to a mirror location is bare-metal only.
In a cloud deployment, it is assumed that the storage choices
provided by the cloud provider are providing redundancy, such as
multi-zone replication.</para>

<para>In either case, and/or if a manual strategy has been used to
copy Dali’s files on a schedule, the process of restoring from a
backup should be the same.</para>
</sect4>
</sect3>

<sect3 id="SysAdm_BkUp_Sasha">
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