Prepare for v2.47.0.windows.2 (#5221)

At the moment, the Git maintainer is on vacation. While there _is_ an
interim maintainer, it seems as if v2.47.1 will need to wait for "the
end of the month".

However, I do not have the luxury of waiting for the end of the month,
as #5199 is stacking up comments relating various degrees of upset over
the lack of a new Git for Windows version that fixes fetches/pushes via
SSH.

To make it truly worth the effort, let's integrate a couple of topics
that have been integrated into upstream Git's `master` and `next`
branches in the meantime, topics I consider important enough to be
fast-tracked into a new Git for Windows version, since we already have
the need for one:

- 53d9f27 Merge branch 'jh/config-unset-doc-fix'
  Fixes incorrect documentation
- a89881e Merge branch 'js/doc-platform-support-link-fix'
  Fixes broken links in the documentation
- 784986f Merge branch 'jk/fsmonitor-event-listener-race-fix'
  CI-only: fixes 6h timeouts in the `osx-*` jobs
- 59bf8d2 Merge branch 'ps/cache-tree-w-broken-index-entry' into
next
Fixes segmentation faults e.g. after a checkout failed due to invalid
filenames and there is now a half-valid Git index
- ffd5653 Merge branch 'pb/clar-build-fix' into next
I suspect that this might cause some flakiness in (parallel) CI builds,
even if I have not personally noticed those flakes.
- fe0f4bc Merge branch 'db/submodule-fetch-with-remote-name-fix'
into next
  Seems like a bug fix submodule users might want
- 6860bff Merge branch 'sk/msvc-warnings' into next
This _should_ only affect builds with MS Visual C (which Git for Windows
does not use for the official builds), it's still a good idea to do, if
only to align with upstream Git's code.

Documentation/git-config.txt

@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ SYNOPSIS
 'git config list' [<file-option>] [<display-option>] [--includes]
 'git config get' [<file-option>] [<display-option>] [--includes] [--all] [--regexp] [--value=<value>] [--fixed-value] [--default=<default>] <name>
 'git config set' [<file-option>] [--type=<type>] [--all] [--value=<value>] [--fixed-value] <name> <value>
-'git config unset' [<file-option>] [--all] [--value=<value>] [--fixed-value] <name> <value>
+'git config unset' [<file-option>] [--all] [--value=<value>] [--fixed-value] <name>
 'git config rename-section' [<file-option>] <old-name> <new-name>
 'git config remove-section' [<file-option>] <name>
 'git config edit' [<file-option>]

Documentation/technical/platform-support.txt

@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ will be fixed in a later release:
   notice problems before they are considered "done with review"; whereas
   watching `master` means the stable branch could break for your platform, but
   you have a decent chance of avoiding a tagged release breaking you. See "The
-  Policy" in link:../howto/maintain-git.txt["How to maintain Git"] for an
+  Policy" in link:../howto/maintain-git.html["How to maintain Git"] for an
   overview of which branches are used in the Git project, and how.
 
 * The bug report should include information about what platform you are using.
@@ -125,7 +125,7 @@ Compatible on `next`
 
 To avoid reactive debugging and fixing when changes hit a release or stable, you
 can aim to ensure `next` always works for your platform. (See "The Policy" in
-link:../howto/maintain-git.txt["How to maintain Git"] for an overview of how
+link:../howto/maintain-git.html["How to maintain Git"] for an overview of how
 `next` is used in the Git project.) To do that:
 
 * You should add a runner for your platform to the GitHub Actions or GitLab CI

Makefile

@@ -3975,6 +3975,7 @@ $(UNIT_TEST_DIR)/clar-decls.h: $(patsubst %,$(UNIT_TEST_DIR)/%.c,$(CLAR_TEST_SUI
 	done >$@
 $(UNIT_TEST_DIR)/clar.suite: $(UNIT_TEST_DIR)/clar-decls.h
 	$(QUIET_GEN)awk -f $(UNIT_TEST_DIR)/clar-generate.awk $< >$(UNIT_TEST_DIR)/clar.suite
+$(UNIT_TEST_DIR)/clar/clar.o: $(UNIT_TEST_DIR)/clar.suite
 $(CLAR_TEST_OBJS): $(UNIT_TEST_DIR)/clar-decls.h
 $(CLAR_TEST_OBJS): EXTRA_CPPFLAGS = -I$(UNIT_TEST_DIR)
 $(CLAR_TEST_PROG): $(UNIT_TEST_DIR)/clar.suite $(CLAR_TEST_OBJS) $(GITLIBS) GIT-LDFLAGS

builtin/config.c

@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ static const char *const builtin_config_usage[] = {
 	N_("git config list [<file-option>] [<display-option>] [--includes]"),
 	N_("git config get [<file-option>] [<display-option>] [--includes] [--all] [--regexp] [--value=<value>] [--fixed-value] [--default=<default>] <name>"),
 	N_("git config set [<file-option>] [--type=<type>] [--all] [--value=<value>] [--fixed-value] <name> <value>"),
-	N_("git config unset [<file-option>] [--all] [--value=<value>] [--fixed-value] <name> <value>"),
+	N_("git config unset [<file-option>] [--all] [--value=<value>] [--fixed-value] <name>"),
 	N_("git config rename-section [<file-option>] <old-name> <new-name>"),
 	N_("git config remove-section [<file-option>] <name>"),
 	N_("git config edit [<file-option>]"),
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ static const char *const builtin_config_set_usage[] = {
 };
 
 static const char *const builtin_config_unset_usage[] = {
-	N_("git config unset [<file-option>] [--all] [--value=<value>] [--fixed-value] <name> <value>"),
+	N_("git config unset [<file-option>] [--all] [--value=<value>] [--fixed-value] <name>"),
 	NULL
 };
 

compat/compiler.h

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@
 
 static inline void get_compiler_info(struct strbuf *info)
 {
-	int len = info->len;
+	size_t len = info->len;
 #ifdef __clang__
 	strbuf_addf(info, "clang: %s\n", __clang_version__);
 #elif defined(__GNUC__)
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ static inline void get_compiler_info(struct strbuf *info)
 
 static inline void get_libc_info(struct strbuf *info)
 {
-	int len = info->len;
+	size_t len = info->len;
 
 #ifdef __GLIBC__
 	strbuf_addf(info, "glibc: %s\n", gnu_get_libc_version());

compat/mingw.c

@@ -1049,7 +1049,7 @@ int mingw_chmod(const char *filename, int mode)
  */
 static int has_valid_directory_prefix(wchar_t *wfilename)
 {
-	int n = wcslen(wfilename);
+	size_t n = wcslen(wfilename);
 
 	while (n > 0) {
 		wchar_t c = wfilename[--n];
@@ -1628,7 +1628,8 @@ static const char *parse_interpreter(const char *cmd)
 {
 	static char buf[MAX_PATH];
 	char *p, *opt;
-	int n, fd;
+	ssize_t n; /* read() can return negative values */
+	int fd;
 
 	/* don't even try a .exe */
 	n = strlen(cmd);
@@ -1752,7 +1753,7 @@ static char *path_lookup(const char *cmd, int exe_only)
 {
 	const char *path;
 	char *prog = NULL;
-	int len = strlen(cmd);
+	size_t len = strlen(cmd);
 	int isexe = len >= 4 && !strcasecmp(cmd+len-4, ".exe");
 
 	if (strpbrk(cmd, "/\\"))
@@ -2389,7 +2390,7 @@ char *mingw_getenv(const char *name)
 #define GETENV_MAX_RETAIN 64
 	static char *values[GETENV_MAX_RETAIN];
 	static int value_counter;
-	int len_key, len_value;
+	size_t len_key, len_value;
 	wchar_t *w_key;
 	char *value;
 	wchar_t w_value[32768];
@@ -2401,7 +2402,8 @@ char *mingw_getenv(const char *name)
 	/* We cannot use xcalloc() here because that uses getenv() itself */
 	w_key = calloc(len_key, sizeof(wchar_t));
 	if (!w_key)
-		die("Out of memory, (tried to allocate %u wchar_t's)", len_key);
+		die("Out of memory, (tried to allocate %"PRIuMAX" wchar_t's)",
+			(uintmax_t)len_key);
 	xutftowcs(w_key, name, len_key);
 	/* GetEnvironmentVariableW() only sets the last error upon failure */
 	SetLastError(ERROR_SUCCESS);
@@ -2416,7 +2418,8 @@ char *mingw_getenv(const char *name)
 	/* We cannot use xcalloc() here because that uses getenv() itself */
 	value = calloc(len_value, sizeof(char));
 	if (!value)
-		die("Out of memory, (tried to allocate %u bytes)", len_value);
+		die("Out of memory, (tried to allocate %"PRIuMAX" bytes)",
+			(uintmax_t)len_value);
 	xwcstoutf(value, w_value, len_value);
 
 	/*
@@ -2434,7 +2437,7 @@ char *mingw_getenv(const char *name)
 
 int mingw_putenv(const char *namevalue)
 {
-	int size;
+	size_t size;
 	wchar_t *wide, *equal;
 	BOOL result;
 
@@ -2444,7 +2447,8 @@ int mingw_putenv(const char *namevalue)
 	size = strlen(namevalue) * 2 + 1;
 	wide = calloc(size, sizeof(wchar_t));
 	if (!wide)
-		die("Out of memory, (tried to allocate %u wchar_t's)", size);
+		die("Out of memory, (tried to allocate %" PRIuMAX " wchar_t's)",
+		    (uintmax_t)size);
 	xutftowcs(wide, namevalue, size);
 	equal = wcschr(wide, L'=');
 	if (!equal)
@@ -4072,7 +4076,8 @@ static BOOL WINAPI handle_ctrl_c(DWORD ctrl_type)
  */
 int wmain(int argc, const wchar_t **wargv)
 {
-	int i, maxlen, exit_status;
+	int i, exit_status;
+	size_t maxlen;
 	char *buffer, **save;
 	const char **argv;
 

compat/vcbuild/include/unistd.h

@@ -14,7 +14,11 @@ typedef _mode_t	mode_t;
 
 #ifndef _SSIZE_T_
 #define _SSIZE_T_
+#ifdef _WIN64
+typedef __int64 _ssize_t;
+#else
 typedef long _ssize_t;
+#endif /* _WIN64 */
 
 #ifndef	_OFF_T_
 #define	_OFF_T_