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Markdown lint english resource files #326
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9db3d0a
Modify act_and_prepare files to conform with the lint.
rousik 296eaf1
Add configuration file for markdownlint.
rousik 3c65736
Mdlint fixes for 04-myths/ section.
rousik d80c0fe
Mdlint fixes for the 03-dont/ section of the guide.
rousik 11e16c6
Mdlint en/ files in COVID-19 section.
rousik 51f0dcb
Fix remaining english mdfiles.
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# For more information about the markdown rules and how to configure them, see: | ||
# https://github.com/DavidAnson/markdownlint/blob/master/doc/Rules.md | ||
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comment: Markdown conformance rules for FTC project. | ||
line_length: false | ||
first-line-h1: false # Our md files may not have top level headings, they are fragments. | ||
blanks-around-headers: | ||
lines_above: 0 # Allow for things like {:.do} and such. | ||
no-inline-html: | ||
allowed_elements: | ||
- div |
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## This is not a normal flu | ||
**Not even in the best case** | ||
## This is not a normal flu **Not even in the best case** | ||
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||
The World Health Organization estimate of 3.5% mortality rate is an average across age groups. | ||
According to Centers for Disease Control and Prevention director Dr. Robert Redfield, [up to 25% of cases are asymptomatic, and they are infectious. | ||
Covid-19 is likely three times more infectious than flu](https://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2020/03/31/824155179/cdc-director-on-models-for-the-months-to-come-this-virus-is-going-to-be-with-us). | ||
Data from Iceland [suggests as many as 50% of cases may be asymptomatic](https://www.cnn.com/2020/04/01/europe/iceland-testing-coronavirus-intl/index.html). | ||
There is very strong consensus that those aged 60+ and those with underlying conditions are the most severely impacted. | ||
The World Health Organization estimate of 3.5% mortality rate is an average across age groups. | ||
According to Centers for Disease Control and Prevention director Dr. Robert Redfield, [up to 25% of | ||
cases are asymptomatic, and they are infectious. Covid-19 is likely three times more infectious | ||
than | ||
flu](https://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2020/03/31/824155179/cdc-director-on-models-for-the-months-to-come-this-virus-is-going-to-be-with-us). | ||
Data from Iceland [suggests as many as 50% of cases may be | ||
asymptomatic](https://www.cnn.com/2020/04/01/europe/iceland-testing-coronavirus-intl/index.html). | ||
There is very strong consensus that those aged 60+ and those with underlying conditions are the most | ||
severely impacted. | ||
|
||
![Chart showing COVID-19's mortality rate tops at 14.8% on adults over 80 years old, and is less than 1% on people under 50](/images/mortality-rate-by-age.svg) | ||
![Chart showing COVID-19's mortality rate tops at 14.8% on adults over 80 years old, and is less | ||
than 1% on people under 50](/images/mortality-rate-by-age.svg) | ||
|
||
Earlier in the pandemic, there was hope that the 3.5 percent figure was grossly overestimated. | ||
However as evidence continues to emerge, there is [dwindling support for that hope](https://www.statnews.com/2020/02/25/new-data-from-china-buttress-fears-about-high-coronavirus-fatality-rate-who-expert-says/). | ||
The numbers out of South Korea are so far the most optimistic in the world ([0.7% cases were fatal](https://twitter.com/marcelsalathe/status/1236914078632812544)); however, a) the South Korean population is younger on average and b) South Korea (in contrast to the USA) have been doing everything right from the earliest stages of the outbreak: they have done massive roll out of testing coupled with radical transparency, public support and [brilliant drive-through testing!](https://twitter.com/cnni/status/1234524871226482688) | ||
If this strain of coronavirus is like other viruses, aggressive measures that reduce transmission may also lower the average ‘dose’ of viral particles that cause any given case; this might reduce the average severity of disease and decrease overall death rates. Time will tell. | ||
However as evidence continues to emerge, there is [dwindling support for that | ||
hope](https://www.statnews.com/2020/02/25/new-data-from-china-buttress-fears-about-high-coronavirus-fatality-rate-who-expert-says/). | ||
The numbers out of South Korea are so far the most optimistic in the world ([0.7% cases were | ||
fatal](https://twitter.com/marcelsalathe/status/1236914078632812544)); however, a) the South Korean | ||
population is younger on average and b) South Korea (in contrast to the USA) have been doing | ||
everything right from the earliest stages of the outbreak: they have done massive roll out of | ||
testing coupled with radical transparency, public support and [brilliant drive-through | ||
testing!](https://twitter.com/cnni/status/1234524871226482688) If this strain of coronavirus is like | ||
other viruses, aggressive measures that reduce transmission may also lower the average ‘dose’ of | ||
viral particles that cause any given case; this might reduce the average severity of disease and | ||
decrease overall death rates. Time will tell. | ||
|
||
Moreover, even IF the true Covid-19 mortality rate is as low as 1% ([as it is so far with the Diamond Princess](https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/26/6/20-0452_article)), that would already be [ten times higher than the mortality rate of a typical seasonal flu](https://www.bloomberg.com/opinion/articles/2020-03-05/how-bad-is-the-coronavirus-let-s-compare-with-sars-ebola-flu). | ||
Moreover, even IF the true Covid-19 mortality rate is as low as 1% ([as it is so far with the | ||
Diamond Princess](https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/26/6/20-0452_article)), that would already be | ||
[ten times higher than the mortality rate of a typical seasonal | ||
flu](https://www.bloomberg.com/opinion/articles/2020-03-05/how-bad-is-the-coronavirus-let-s-compare-with-sars-ebola-flu). | ||
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![Bar chart showing COVID-19 mortality rate estimated between 0.5% and 4.0%, versus Seasonal Flu at 0.1%](/images/mortality-rate.svg) | ||
![Bar chart showing COVID-19 mortality rate estimated between 0.5% and 4.0%, versus Seasonal Flu at | ||
0.1%](/images/mortality-rate.svg) | ||
|
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> The 61,099 flu-related deaths in the U.S. during the severe flu season of 2017-2018 amounted to 0.14% of the estimated 44.8 million cases of influenza-like illness. | ||
There were also an estimated 808,129 flu-related hospitalizations, for a rate of 1.8%. | ||
Assume a Covid-19 outbreak of similar size in the U.S., multiply the death and hospitalization estimates by five or 10, and you get some really scary numbers: 300,000 to 600,000 deaths, and [4 million to 8 million hospitalizations in a country that has 924,107 staffed hospital beds](https://www.bloomberg.com/opinion/articles/2020-03-05/how-bad-is-the-coronavirus-let-s-compare-with-sars-ebola-flu) \[for all illnesses combined\]. | ||
> The 61,099 flu-related deaths in the U.S. during the severe flu season of 2017-2018 amounted to | ||
> 0.14% of the estimated 44.8 million cases of influenza-like illness. | ||
There were also an estimated 808,129 flu-related hospitalizations, for a rate of 1.8%. Assume a | ||
Covid-19 outbreak of similar size in the U.S., multiply the death and hospitalization estimates by | ||
five or 10, and you get some really scary numbers: 300,000 to 600,000 deaths, and [4 million to 8 | ||
million hospitalizations in a country that has 924,107 staffed hospital | ||
beds](https://www.bloomberg.com/opinion/articles/2020-03-05/how-bad-is-the-coronavirus-let-s-compare-with-sars-ebola-flu) | ||
\[for all illnesses combined\]. | ||
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For most people, infection results in a mild but still transmissible illness; **that is how it spreads.** Those that get severe illness are hit really hard. Mortality is not the full picture: Italy reports that [10% of cases need not just hospitalization but also ICU care](https://twitter.com/marcelsalathe/status/1235662457261023232) -- and they need that care over a period of [3-6 weeks](https://www.washingtonpost.com/health/2020/03/07/how-doctors-treat-sickest-coronavirus-patients/). This is unsustainable. | ||
For most people, infection results in a mild but still transmissible illness; **that is how it | ||
spreads.** Those that get severe illness are hit really hard. Mortality is not the full picture: | ||
Italy reports that [10% of cases need not just hospitalization but also ICU | ||
care](https://twitter.com/marcelsalathe/status/1235662457261023232) -- and they need that care over | ||
a period of [3-6 | ||
weeks](https://www.washingtonpost.com/health/2020/03/07/how-doctors-treat-sickest-coronavirus-patients/). | ||
This is unsustainable. |
16 changes: 10 additions & 6 deletions
16
_sections/COVID-19/en/06-keep-the-main-thing-the-main-thing.md
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## Keep the main thing the main thing | ||
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[**\#FlattenTheCurve**](https://twitter.com/hashtag/FlattenTheCurve?src=hashtag_click) | ||
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A lot of ink has been spilled on speculation about the "true" rate; however we are still in the early phase of the pandemic and it could | ||
take years to precisely determine the rate. BUT we know that it is somewhere **between .5% and 4 percent mortality; this range is more than | ||
adequate evidence to warrant decisive, immediate, large-scale preventive action**. Far and away, the most important thing to do is [flatten the | ||
curve of the epidemic](https://www.economist.com/briefing/2020/02/29/covid-19-is-now-in-50-countries-and-things-will-get-worse) | ||
so that our health systems can cope and to give time for the scientists to research vaccines and treatments. | ||
A lot of ink has been spilled on speculation about the "true" rate; however we are still in the | ||
early phase of the pandemic and it could take years to precisely determine the rate. BUT we know | ||
that it is somewhere **between .5% and 4 percent mortality; this range is more than adequate | ||
evidence to warrant decisive, immediate, large-scale preventive action**. Far and away, the most | ||
important thing to do is [flatten the curve of the | ||
epidemic](https://www.economist.com/briefing/2020/02/29/covid-19-is-now-in-50-countries-and-things-will-get-worse) | ||
so that our health systems can cope and to give time for the scientists to research vaccines and | ||
treatments. | ||
|
||
![](/images/health-system-capacity.svg) | ||
![Health care system capacity](/images/health-system-capacity.svg) |
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## Relative to other countries, US labor and healthcare policies are a perfect storm for pandemics | ||
|
||
- Zero universal guaranteed [paid sick leave](https://www.worldpolicycenter.org/policies/for-how-long-are-workers-guaranteed-paid-sick-leave) | ||
- Even among those \*with\* paid sick leave, the covered time frame is often on the order of days, not the weeks adequate to account for | ||
prolonged illness. | ||
- Zero guaranteed paid family leave to care for sick members | ||
- Zero guaranteed financial or operational support for people who should self-quarantine. [People are therefore ignoring quarantine | ||
because they need to eat.](https://twitter.com/abcnews/status/1236462655012917249) | ||
- Many people are uninsured. Given where things are right now (cryptic transmission and no available vaccine), the insurance companies have | ||
a moral obligation but have no financial incentive to improve testing and ensure access to care. | ||
- In the USA insurance is tied to their employment, so when they get sick they are also vulnerable to bankruptcy. In a pandemic year this is devastating for an economy. | ||
- Zero universal guaranteed [paid sick leave](https://www.worldpolicycenter.org/policies/for-how-long-are-workers-guaranteed-paid-sick-leave) | ||
- Even among those \*with\* paid sick leave, the covered time frame is often on the order of days, | ||
not the weeks adequate to account for prolonged illness. | ||
- Zero guaranteed paid family leave to care for sick members | ||
- Zero guaranteed financial or operational support for people who should self-quarantine. | ||
[People are therefore ignoring quarantine because they need to eat.](https://twitter.com/abcnews/status/1236462655012917249) | ||
- Many people are uninsured. Given where things are right now (cryptic transmission and no | ||
available vaccine), the insurance companies have a moral obligation but have no financial incentive | ||
to improve testing and ensure access to care. | ||
- In the USA insurance is tied to their employment, so when they get sick they are also vulnerable | ||
to bankruptcy. In a pandemic year this is devastating for an economy. | ||
|
||
The fact that these safety nets have not previously existed in the US complicates the behaviors required to #flattenthecurve compared to most other countries affected so far. However, legislation passed Friday by the US House of Representatives aims to address some of these critical issues. Namely, the bill will provide enhanced unemployment benefits, free virus testing, and additional funds for food assistance and Medicaid. The bill is reported in the [New York Times](https://www.nytimes.com/2020/03/13/us/politics/trump-coronavirus-relief-congress.html), [CNN](https://www.cnn.com/2020/03/13/politics/coronavirus-relief-congress/index.html) and by other news organizations. Read the text of the bill [here](https://www.cnn.com/2020/03/13/politics/read-bill-text-families-first-coronavirus-response-act/index.html). | ||
The fact that these safety nets have not previously existed in the US complicates the behaviors | ||
required to #flattenthecurve compared to most other countries affected so far. However, legislation | ||
passed Friday by the US House of Representatives aims to address some of these critical issues. | ||
Namely, the bill will provide enhanced unemployment benefits, free virus testing, and additional | ||
funds for food assistance and Medicaid. The bill is reported in the | ||
[New York Times](https://www.nytimes.com/2020/03/13/us/politics/trump-coronavirus-relief-congress.html), | ||
[CNN](https://www.cnn.com/2020/03/13/politics/coronavirus-relief-congress/index.html) and by other | ||
news organizations. Read the text of the bill | ||
[here](https://www.cnn.com/2020/03/13/politics/read-bill-text-families-first-coronavirus-response-act/index.html). | ||
|
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## Global tracking and communication | ||
|
||
Doctors worldwide are getting pummeled on the frontlines of this crisis, | ||
the lack of protective equipment is causing them to get infected, and themselves unable to get the care they need. For a personal lens on | ||
this, have a look [here](https://twitter.com/stuff_so/status/1236467114933813248), but this is by no means unique; the accounts are flooding in. | ||
Doctors worldwide are getting pummeled on the frontlines of this crisis, the lack of protective | ||
equipment is causing them to get infected, and themselves unable to get the care they need. For a | ||
personal lens on this, have a look [here](https://twitter.com/stuff_so/status/1236467114933813248), | ||
but this is by no means unique; the accounts are flooding in. | ||
|
||
Globally speaking, [authoritarianism can limit pandemic control](https://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2020/02/coronavirus-and-blindness-authoritarianism/606922/) since it can limit the expertise and transparency required for good decisionmaking, to make the best use of resources, and to communicate status to the regional and global citizens. | ||
Examples of this have been seen in China (earliest in the epidemic), and in Iran, Turkey and Russia, which until recently had reported the statistically unrealistic scenario of no cases. | ||
Country-specific US Embassy pages are now reporting cases, for example, the [Russian Embassy](https://ru.usembassy.gov/covid-19-information/). | ||
A number of effective data visualizations and world-wide case tracking are now available, for example at the [Johns Hopkins Coronavirus Resource Center](https://coronavirus.jhu.edu/map.html) and the [New York Times Coronavirus Case Maps](https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2020/world/coronavirus-maps.html). | ||
Globally speaking, | ||
[authoritarianism can limit pandemic control](https://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2020/02/coronavirus-and-blindness-authoritarianism/606922/) | ||
since it can limit the expertise and transparency required for good decisionmaking, to make the best | ||
use of resources, and to communicate status to the regional and global citizens. Examples of this | ||
have been seen in China (earliest in the epidemic), and in Iran, Turkey and Russia, which until | ||
recently had reported the statistically unrealistic scenario of no cases. Country-specific US | ||
Embassy pages are now reporting cases, for example, the | ||
[Russian Embassy](https://ru.usembassy.gov/covid-19-information/). A number of effective data | ||
visualizations and world-wide case tracking are now available, for example at the | ||
[Johns Hopkins Coronavirus Resource Center](https://coronavirus.jhu.edu/map.html) and the | ||
[New York Times Coronavirus Case Maps](https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2020/world/coronavirus-maps.html). |
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What do we think of semantic, rather than merely length-based line breaks? For example, "severely impacted" would still be on line 10, because it is part of the same unit of thought (sentence, in this case). I personally find this style leads to easier to understand GitHub diffs.
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I'd be in favor of that but I think it's also much easier to enforce at the time of writing rather than when we try to make the markdown files compliant.