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Amend holocene spec to specify eip-1559 parameters should be in the e…
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…xecution payload (#428)
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Roberto Bayardo authored Oct 18, 2024
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117 changes: 61 additions & 56 deletions specs/protocol/holocene/exec-engine.md
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- [Overview](#overview)
- [Timestamp Activation](#timestamp-activation)
- [Dynamic EIP-1559 Parameters](#dynamic-eip-1559-parameters)
- [Extended `PayloadAttributesV3`](#extended-payloadattributesv3)
- [EIP-1559 Parameters in Block Header](#eip-1559-parameters-in-block-header)
- [EIP-1559 Parameters in `PayloadAttributesV3`](#eip-1559-parameters-in-payloadattributesv3)
- [Encoding](#encoding)
- [PayloadID computation](#payloadid-computation)
- [`eip1559Params` encoding](#eip1559params-encoding)
- [Execution](#execution)
- [Payload Attributes Processing](#payload-attributes-processing)
- [Base Fee Computation](#base-fee-computation)
- [Rationale](#rationale)
- [`eip1559Params` in Header](#eip1559params-in-header)
- [Header Validity Rules](#header-validity-rules)
- [Encoding](#encoding)
- [Rationale](#rationale-1)

<!-- END doctoc generated TOC please keep comment here to allow auto update -->

## Overview

The EIP-1559 parameters are encoded in the block header's `nonce` field and can be
configured dynamically through the `SystemConfig`.
The EIP-1559 parameters are encoded in the block header's `extraData` field and can be configured dynamically through
the `SystemConfig`.

## Timestamp Activation

Holocene, like other network upgrades, is activated at a timestamp.
Changes to the L2 Block execution rules are applied when the `L2 Timestamp >= activation time`.
Holocene, like other network upgrades, is activated at a timestamp. Changes to the L2 Block execution rules are applied
when the `L2 Timestamp >= activation time`.

## Dynamic EIP-1559 Parameters

### Extended `PayloadAttributesV3`
### EIP-1559 Parameters in Block Header

With the Holocene upgrade, the `extraData` header field of each block must have the following format:

| Name | Type | Byte Offset |
| ------------- | ------------------ | ----------- |
| `version` | `u8` | `[0, 1)` |
| `denominator` | `u32 (big-endian)` | `[1, 5)` |
| `elasticity` | `u32 (big-endian)` | `[5, 9)` |

Additionally,

- `version` must be 0
- `denominator` must be non-zero
- there is no additional data beyond these 9 bytes

Note that `extraData` has a maximum capacity of 32 bytes (to fit in the L1 beacon-chain `extraData` data-type) and its
format may be modified/extended by future upgrades.

Note also that if the chain had Holocene genesis, the genesis block must have an above-formated `extraData` representing
the initial parameters to be used by the chain.

### EIP-1559 Parameters in `PayloadAttributesV3`

The [`PayloadAttributesV3`](https://github.com/ethereum/execution-apis/blob/cea7eeb642052f4c2e03449dc48296def4aafc24/src/engine/cancun.md#payloadattributesv3)
type is extended to:
type is extended with an additional value, `eip1559Params`:

```rs
PayloadAttributesV3: {
Expand All @@ -46,68 +67,52 @@ PayloadAttributesV3: {
transactions: array of DATA
noTxPool: bool
gasLimit: QUANTITY or null
eip1559Params: DATA (8 bytes)
eip1559Params: DATA (8 bytes) or null
}
```

#### PayloadID computation

If `eip1559Params != null`, the `eip1559Params` is included in the `PayloadID` hasher directly after the `gasLimit`
field.
#### Encoding

#### `eip1559Params` encoding
At and after Holocene activation, `eip1559Parameters` in `PayloadAttributeV3` must be exactly 8 bytes with the following
format:

| Name | Type | Byte Offset |
| ------------- | ------------------ | ----------- |
| `denominator` | `u32 (big-endian)` | `[0, 4)` |
| `elasticity` | `u32 (big-endian)` | `[4, 8)` |

### Execution

During execution, the EIP-1559 parameters used to calculate the next block base fee should come from the
parent header's `nonce` field rather than the previous protocol constants, if it is non-zero.

- If, before Holocene activation, `eip1559Parameters` in the `PayloadAttributesV3` is non-null, the attributes are to
be considered invalid by the engine.
- At and after Holocene activation:
- if `eip1559Params` in the `PayloadAttributesV3` is null, the attributes are to be considered invalid by the
engine.
- if `eip1559Params`' `denominator` is `0`, the attributes are to be considered invalid by the engine.
- if `parent_header.nonce` is zero, the [canyon base fee parameter constants](../exec-engine.md#1559-parameters) are
used for the block's base fee parameters.
- if `parent_header.nonce` is non-zero, the EIP-1559 parameters encoded within the parent header's `nonce` field are
used for the block's base fee parameters.

### Rationale
#### PayloadID computation

This type is made available in the payload attributes to allow the block builder to dynamically control the EIP-1559
parameters of the chain. As described in the [derivation - AttributesBuilder](./derivation.md#attributes-builder)
section, the derivation pipeline must populate this field from the `SystemConfig` during payload building, similar to
how it must reference the `SystemConfig` for the `gasLimit` field.
If `eip1559Params != null`, the `eip1559Params` is included in the `PayloadID` hasher directly after the `gasLimit`
field.

### `eip1559Params` in Header
### Execution

Upon Holocene activation, the L2 block header's `nonce` field will consist of the 8-byte `eip1559Params` value from
the `PayloadAttributesV3`, or the canyon EIP-1559 constants if `eip1559Params` is equal to zero.
#### Payload Attributes Processing

#### Header Validity Rules
Prior to Holocene activation, `eip1559Parameters` in `PayloadAttributesV3` must be null and is otherwise considered
invalid.

Prior to Holocene activation, the L2 block header's `nonce` field is valid iff it is equal to `u64(0)`.
At and after Holocene activation, any `ExecutionPayload` corresponding to some `PayloadAttributesV3` must contain
`extraData` formatted as the [header value](#eip-1559-parameters-in-block-header). The `denominator` and `elasticity`
values within this `extraData` must correspond to those in `eip1559Parameters`, unless both are 0. When both are 0, the
[prior EIP-1559 constants](../exec-engine.md#1559-parameters) must be used to populate `extraData` instead.

At and after Holocene activation, The L2 block header's `nonce` field is valid iff it is non-zero.
#### Base Fee Computation

#### Encoding
Prior to the Holocene upgrade, the EIP-1559 denominator and elasticity parameters used to compute the block base fee
were [constants](../exec-engine.md#1559-parameters).

The encoding of the `eip1559Params` value is described in [`eip1559Params` encoding](#eip1559params-encoding).
With the Holocene upgrade, these parameters are instead determined as follows:

#### Rationale
- if Holocene is not active in `parent_header.timestamp`, the [prior EIP-1559
constants](../exec-engine.md#1559-parameters) constants are used. While `parent_header.extraData` is typically empty
prior to Holocene, there are some legacy cases where it may be set arbitrarily, so it must not be assumed to be empty.
- if Holocene is active in `parent_header.timestamp`, then the parameters from `parent_header.extraData` are used.

By chosing to put the `eip1559Params` in the `PayloadAttributes` rather than in the L1 block info transaction,
the EIP-1559 parameters for the chain are not available within history. This would place a burden on performing
historical execution, as L1 would have to be consulted for fetching the values from the `SystemConfig` contract.
Instead, we re-use an unused field in the L1 block header as to make these parameters available, retaining the
purity of the function that computes the next block's base fee from the chain configuration, parent block header,
and next block timestamp.
### Rationale

[l2-to-l1-mp]: ../../protocol/predeploys.md#L2ToL1MessagePasser
[output-root]: ../../glossary.md#l2-output-root
Placing the EIP-1559 parameters within the L2 block header allows us to retain the purity of the function that computes
the next block's base fee from its parent block header, while still allowing them to be dynamically configured. Dynamic
configuration is handled similarly to `gasLimit`, with the derivation pipeline providing the appropriate `SystemConfig`
contract values to the block builder via `PayloadAttributesV3` parameters.
7 changes: 5 additions & 2 deletions specs/protocol/holocene/system-config.md
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Expand Up @@ -27,10 +27,13 @@ The following `ConfigUpdate` event is defined where the `CONFIG_VERSION` is `uin
| Name | Value | Definition | Usage |
| ---- | ----- | --- | -- |
| `BATCHER` | `uint8(0)` | `abi.encode(address)` | Modifies the account that is authorized to progress the safe chain |
| `FEE_SCALARS` | `uint8(1)` | `(uint256(0x01) << 248) \| (uint256(_blobbasefeeScalar) << 32) \| _basefeeScalar` | Modifies the fee scalars |
| `FEE_SCALARS` | `uint8(1)` | `abi.encode(uint256(0), (uint256(0x01) << 248) \| (uint256(_blobbasefeeScalar) << 32) \| _basefeeScalar)` | Modifies the fee scalars |
| `GAS_LIMIT` | `uint8(2)` | `abi.encode(uint64 _gasLimit)` | Modifies the L2 gas limit |
| `UNSAFE_BLOCK_SIGNER` | `uint8(3)` | `abi.encode(address)` | Modifies the account that is authorized to progress the unsafe chain |
| `EIP_1559_PARAMS` | `uint8(4)` | `(uint256(_denominator) << 32) \| _elasticity` | Modifies the EIP-1559 denominator and elasticity |
| `EIP_1559_PARAMS` | `uint8(4)` | `abi.encode((uint256(_denominator) << 32) \| _elasticity)` | Modifies the EIP-1559 denominator and elasticity |

Note that the above encoding is the format emitted by the SystemConfig event, which differs from the format in extraData
from the block header.

### Initialization

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