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trans inv subsystem
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valbert4 committed Jan 30, 2024
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Expand Up @@ -45,15 +45,17 @@ relations:
parents:
- code_id: topological
cousins:
- code_id: qudit_subsystem_stabilizer
detail: 'All Abelian bosonic topological orders can be realized as modular-qudit subsystem stabilizer codes by starting with an Abelian quantum double model (slightly different from that of Ref. \cite{arxiv:2112.11394}) along with a family of Abelian TQDs that generalize the double semion anyon theory and \hyperref[topic:gauging-out]{gauging out} certain bosonic anyons \cite{arxiv:2211.03798}.
The stabilizer generators of the new subsystem code may no longer be geometrically local.
Non-Abelian topological orders are purported not to be realizable with Pauli stabilizer codes \cite{arxiv:1605.03601}.'
- code_id: hamiltonian
detail: 'Subsystem stabilizer code Hamiltonians described by an Abelian anyon theory do not always realize the corresponding anyonic topological order in their ground-state subspace and may exhibit a rich phase diagram.
For example, the Kitaev honeycomb Hamiltonian admits the anyon theories of the 16-fold way, i.e., all minimal modular extensions of the \(\mathbb{Z}_2^{(1)}\) Abelian non-chiral non-modular anyon theory \cite{arxiv:cond-mat/0506438}\cite[Footnote 25]{arXiv:2211.03798}.'
- code_id: walker_wang
detail: 'Any Abelian anyon theory \(A\) can be realized at one of the surfaces of a 3D Walker-Wang model whose underlying theory is an Abelian TQD containing \(A\) as a subtheory \cite{arxiv:1907.02075,arxiv:2202.05442}\cite[Appx. H]{arxiv:2211.03798}.'
- code_id: 3d_stabilizer
detail: 'Qubit 3D stabilizer codes are conjectured to admit either fracton phases or abelian topological phases that are equivalent to multiple copies of the 3D surface code and/or the 3D fermionic surface code \cite{arXiv:1908.08049}.'
- code_id: translationally_invariant_subsystem
detail: 'All 2D Abelian bosonic topological orders can be realized as modular-qudit lattice subsystem codes by starting with an Abelian quantum double model (slightly different from that of Ref. \cite{arxiv:2112.11394}) along with a family of Abelian TQDs that generalize the double semion anyon theory and \hyperref[topic:gauging-out]{gauging out} certain bosonic anyons \cite{arxiv:2211.03798}.
The stabilizer generators of the new subsystem code may no longer be geometrically local.
Non-Abelian topological orders are purported not to be realizable with Pauli stabilizer codes \cite{arxiv:1605.03601}.'


# Begin Entry Meta Information
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Expand Up @@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ code_id: 2d_stabilizer
name: '2D topological stabilizer code'

description: |
Translationally invariant stabilizer code in two spatial dimensions.
Lattice stabilizer code in two spatial dimensions.
Any prime-qudit code can be converted to several copies of the prime-qudit 2D surface code along with some trivial codes \cite{arXiv:1812.11193}.
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Expand Up @@ -9,18 +9,11 @@ code_id: 3d_stabilizer
name: '3D topological stabilizer code'

description: |
Translationally invariant stabilizer code in three spatial dimensions.
Lattice stabilizer code in three spatial dimensions.
Qubit codes are conjectured to admit either fracton phases or abelian topological phases that are equivalent to multiple copies of the 3D surface code and/or the 3D fermionic surface code \cite{arXiv:1908.08049}.
Three-dimensional qubit codes can be characterized by four
coarse classes \cite{arXiv:1908.08049}:
# 1. \textit{Abelian topological phase}: Excitations are mobile in all 3 dimensions, as is typical in a topological code. Such codes are conjectured to be equivalent to a \(\mathbb{Z}_2\) gauge theory, i.e., multiple copies of the 3D surface code or the 3D fermionic surface code.

1. \textit{Abelian topological phase}: Excitations are mobile in all 3 dimensions, as is typical in a topological code. Such codes are conjectured to be equivalent to a \(\mathbb{Z}_2\) gauge theory, i.e., multiple copies of the 3D surface code or its variant where the charge excitation is a fermion.
2. \textit{Foliated type-I fracton phase}: Excitations are mobile in less than 3 dimensions, but codes can be grown by \textit{foliation}, i.e., stacking copies of the 2D surface code.
3. \textit{Fractal type-I fracton phase}: Excitations are mobile in less than 3 dimensions, and codes are not foliated.
4. \textit{Type-II fracton phase}: Excitations are not mobile in any dimension and there are no string operators.


relations:
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Expand Up @@ -7,18 +7,30 @@ code_id: fracton
# includes Galois and modular

name: 'Fracton stabilizer code'
#introduced: '\cite{arXiv:quant-ph/9705052}'
introduced: '\cite{arXiv:1101.1962}'

description: 'A 3D translationally invariant stabilizer code whose codewords make up the ground-state space of a Hamiltonian in a fracton phase.'
description: |
A 3D translationally invariant stabilizer code whose codewords make up the ground-state space of a Hamiltonian in a fracton phase.
Unlike topological phases, whose excitations can move in any direction, fracton phases are characterized by excitations whose movement is restricted.
Fracton codes are further classified into three sub-types:
\begin{enumerate}[(1)]
\item \textit{Foliated type-I fracton phase}: Excitations are mobile in less than 3 dimensions, but codes can be grown by \textit{foliation}, i.e., stacking copies of the 2D surface code and applying a constant-depth circuit.
\item \textit{Fractal type-I fracton phase}: Excitations are mobile in less than 3 dimensions, and codes are not foliated.
\item \textit{Type-II fracton phase}: Excitations are not mobile in any dimension and there are no string operators.
\end{enumerate}
relations:
parents:
- code_id: 3d_stabilizer
detail: '3D stabilizer codes can realize fracton orders. Conversely, fracton codes need not be translationally invariant, and can realize multiple phases on one lattice.'
cousins:
- code_id: topological
detail: 'Fracton phases can be understood as topological defect networks, meaning that they can be described in the language of topological quantum field theory with defects \cite{arXiv:2002.05166,arxiv:2112.14717}.'
detail: 'Unlike topological phases, whose excitations can move in any direction, fracton phases are characterized by excitations whose movement is restricted.
Fracton phases can be understood as topological defect networks, meaning that they can be described in the language of topological quantum field theory with defects \cite{arXiv:2002.05166,arxiv:2112.14717}.'
- code_id: surface
detail: 'Foliated type-I fracton phase codes can be grown by \textit{foliation}, i.e., stacking copies of the 2D surface code.'

# Conversely, fracton codes need not be translationally invariant, and can realize multiple phases on one lattice.


# Begin Entry Meta Information
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Expand Up @@ -10,12 +10,15 @@ name: 'Lattice stabilizer code'
introduced: '\cite{arXiv:1101.1962,arXiv:1204.1063,doi:10.7907/GCYW-ZE58}'
# geometrically local would also cover hyperbolic, Euclidean overlaps with CSS

alternative_names:
- 'Topological stabilizer code'
# 1D is not very topological...

description: |
A geometrically local qubit, modular-qudit, or Galois-qudit stabilizer code with qudits organized on a lattice modeled by the additive group \(\mathbb{Z}^D\) for spatial dimension \(D\).
If the stabilizer group is generated by site-local Pauli operators and their translations, then the code is called \textit{translationally invariant stabilizer code}.
Boundary conditions have to be imposed on the lattice in order to obtain finite-dimensional codes.
On an infinite lattice, its stabilizer group is generated by few-site Pauli operators and their translations, in which case the code is called \textit{translationally invariant stabilizer code}.
Boundary conditions have to be imposed on the lattice in order to obtain finite-dimensional versions.
Lattice defects and boundaries between different codes can also be introduced.
It is possible to formulate a thermodynamic limit for lattice codes, with the 1D lattice version reducing to quantum convolutional codes.
Translationally-invariant prime-qudit (\(q=p\)) stabilizer codes with \(m\) qudits per unit cell have been classified in dimensions \(D\in\{1,2\}\) in the thermodynamic limit, up to equivalence under local constant-depth Clifford circuits.
Any 1D (2D) code can be converted to several copies of the 1D repetition code (prime-qudit 2D surface code) along with some trivial codes \cite{arXiv:1607.01387} (\cite{arXiv:1812.11193}).
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#######################################################
## This is a code entry in the error correction zoo. ##
## https://github.com/errorcorrectionzoo ##
#######################################################

code_id: translationally_invariant_subsystem
# includes both Galois and modular

name: 'Lattice subsystem code'
introduced: '\cite{arxiv:0908.4246}'
# geometrically local would also cover hyperbolic, Euclidean overlaps with CSS

alternative_names:
- 'Topological subsystem code'
# 1D is not very topological...

description: |
A geometrically local qubit, modular-qudit, or Galois-qudit subsystem stabilizer code with qudits organized on a lattice modeled by the additive group \(\mathbb{Z}^D\) for spatial dimension \(D\).
On an infinite lattice, its gauge and stabilizer groups are generated by few-site Pauli operators and their translations, in which case the code is called \textit{translationally invariant subsystem code}.
Boundary conditions have to be imposed on the lattice in order to obtain finite-dimensional versions, in which case the stabilizer group may no longer be generated by few-site Pauli operators.
Lattice defects and boundaries between different codes can also be introduced.
relations:
parents:
- code_id: oecc
cousins:
- code_id: translationally_invariant_stabilizer
detail: 'Lattice subsystem codes reduce to lattice stabilizer codes when there are no gauge qudits. The former (latter) is required to admit few-site gauge-group (stabilizer-group) generators on a lattice with boundary conditions.'


# Begin Entry Meta Information
_meta:
# Change log - most recent first
changelog:
- user_id: VictorVAlbert
date: '2024-01-30'
37 changes: 37 additions & 0 deletions codes/quantum/qubits/stabilizer/fracton/checkerboard.yml
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#######################################################
## This is a code entry in the error correction zoo. ##
## https://github.com/errorcorrectionzoo ##
#######################################################

code_id: checkerboard
physical: qubits
logical: qubits

name: 'Checkerboard model code'
introduced: '\cite{arXiv:1505.02576}'

description: |
A foliated type-I fracton code defined on a cubic lattice that admits weight-eight \(X\)- and \(Z\)-type stabilizer generators on cubes of the lattice.
Variants include the twisted checkerboard model \cite{arxiv:1805.06899}.
features:
decoders:
- 'Parallelized matching decoder \cite{arxiv:1901.08061}.'
code_capacity_threshold:
- 'Independent \(X,Z\) noise: \(\sim 7.5\%\), higher than 3D surface code and color code \cite{arXiv:2112.05122}.'


relations:
parents:
- code_id: qubit_css
- code_id: fracton
detail: 'The checkerboard model is equivalent to two copies of the X-cube model via a local unitary \cite{arxiv:1806.08633}. Hence, it is a foliated type-I fracton code.'
cousins:
- code_id: xcube
detail: 'The checkerboard model is equivalent to two copies of the X-cube model via a local unitary \cite{arxiv:1806.08633}.'


_meta:
changelog:
- user_id: VictorVAlbert
date: '2024-01-30'
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Expand Up @@ -11,7 +11,8 @@ name: 'X-cube model code'
introduced: '\cite{arxiv:1603.04442}'

description: |
A Type-I fracton code supporting a subextensive number of logical qubits.
A foliated type-I fracton code supporting a subextensive number of logical qubits.
Variants include the membrane-coupled \cite{arxiv:1701.00747} and twice-foliated \cite{arxiv:1806.08625} X-cube models.
features:
decoders:
Expand All @@ -22,8 +23,9 @@ features:

relations:
parents:
- code_id: qubit_stabilizer
- code_id: qubit_css
- code_id: fracton
detail: 'The X-cube model is a foliated type-I fracton code \cite{arxiv:1803.10426,arxiv:1908.08049}.'
cousins:
- code_id: quantum_inspired
detail: 'According to Ref. \cite{arxiv:2002.11738}, a classical analogue of the X-cube model is the eight-vertex model \cite{doi:10.1063/1.1665111,doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.26.832,doi:10.1016/0003-4916(72)90335-1}.'
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Expand Up @@ -21,7 +21,8 @@ features:

relations:
parents:
- code_id: subsystem_color
- code_id: subsystem_css
- code_id: translationally_invariant_subsystem
cousins:
- code_id: divisible
detail: 'Doubled color codes are constructed using a generalization of the doubling transformation \cite{arxiv:1012.4134} that combine doubly-even codes to make triply-even codes.'
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Expand Up @@ -34,6 +34,7 @@ features:
relations:
parents:
- code_id: subsystem_css
- code_id: translationally_invariant_subsystem
- code_id: single_shot
detail: 'The subsystem color code is a single-shot code \cite{arxiv:1503.08217}.'
cousins:
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Expand Up @@ -24,6 +24,7 @@ relations:
parents:
- code_id: subsystem_hypergraph
detail: 'Generalized five-squares codes are special cases of subsystem hypergraph codes \cite[Sec. II.B]{arxiv:1805.12542}.'
- code_id: translationally_invariant_subsystem
cousins:
- code_id: surface
detail: 'Decoding of five-squares codes leads to a mapping of these codes to two copies of the surface code \cite{arxiv:1012.0425,arxiv:1805.12542}.'
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1 change: 1 addition & 0 deletions codes/quantum/qubits/subsystem/topological/heavy_hex.yml
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Expand Up @@ -48,6 +48,7 @@ realizations:
relations:
parents:
- code_id: subsystem_css
- code_id: translationally_invariant_subsystem
cousins:
- code_id: surface
detail: 'Surface code stabilizers are used to measure the Z-type stabilizers of the code.'
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Expand Up @@ -20,6 +20,7 @@ description: |
relations:
parents:
- code_id: subsystem_stabilizer
- code_id: translationally_invariant_subsystem
- code_id: topological_abelian
detail: 'The 3F code is a subsystme code characterized by 3F topological order \cite{arxiv:2211.03798}, which is chiral and modular.'
cousins:
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Expand Up @@ -20,6 +20,7 @@ description: |
relations:
parents:
- code_id: subsystem_css
- code_id: translationally_invariant_subsystem
- code_id: single_shot
detail: 'The 3D subsystem surface code is a single-shot code \cite{arxiv:2106.02621,arxiv:2305.06365}; see Ref. \cite{arxiv:2307.08118} for an alternative formulation.'
cousins:
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Expand Up @@ -19,6 +19,7 @@ description: |
relations:
parents:
- code_id: subsystem_css
- code_id: translationally_invariant_subsystem
cousins:
- code_id: subsystem_surface
- code_id: rotated_surface
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Expand Up @@ -33,6 +33,7 @@ notes:
relations:
parents:
- code_id: subsystem_css
- code_id: translationally_invariant_subsystem
cousins:
- code_id: surface

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1 change: 1 addition & 0 deletions codes/quantum/qudits/subsystem/topological/qudit_znone.yml
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Expand Up @@ -19,6 +19,7 @@ description:
relations:
parents:
- code_id: qudit_subsystem_stabilizer
- code_id: translationally_invariant_subsystem
- code_id: topological_abelian
detail: 'The \(\mathbb{Z}_q^{(1)}\) subsystem code is characterized by the \(\mathbb{Z}_q^{(1)}\) anyon theory \cite{doi:10.7907/5NDZ-W890}. The anyon theory has a single generator \(a \in \mathbb Z_N\) with \(\theta(a) =e^{\frac{2\pi i}{N}a^2}\). It is modular for odd prime \(q\) and non-modular otherwise.'
cousins:
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1 change: 1 addition & 0 deletions codes/quantum/qudits/subsystem/topological/semion.yml
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Expand Up @@ -21,6 +21,7 @@ features:
relations:
parents:
- code_id: qudit_subsystem_stabilizer
- code_id: translationally_invariant_subsystem
- code_id: topological_abelian
detail: 'The semion code is a subsystem code characterized by the chiral semion topological phase.'
cousins:
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Expand Up @@ -18,6 +18,7 @@ description: |
relations:
parents:
- code_id: qudit_subsystem_stabilizer
- code_id: translationally_invariant_subsystem
- code_id: topological_abelian
detail: 'The \(\mathbb{Z}_q^{(1)}\) subsystem code is characterized by a non-modular anyon theory with \(\mathbb{Z}_3\times\mathbb{Z}_9\) fusion rules.'
cousins:
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4 changes: 1 addition & 3 deletions codes/quantum/qudits/topological/tqd_abelian.yml
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Expand Up @@ -17,10 +17,8 @@ description: |
relations:
parents:
- code_id: qudit_stabilizer
detail: 'All Abelian TQD codes can be realized as modular-qudit stabilizer codes by starting with an Abelian quantum double model along with a family of Abelian TQDs that generalize the double semion anyon theory and \hyperref[topic:code-switching]{condensing} certain bosonic anyons \cite{arxiv:2211.03798}.'
- code_id: 2d_stabilizer
detail: 'All Abelian TQD codes can be realized as modular-qudit stabilizer codes by starting with an Abelian quantum double model along with a family of Abelian TQDs that generalize the double semion anyon theory and \hyperref[topic:code-switching]{condensing} certain bosonic anyons \cite{arxiv:2211.03798}.
detail: 'All Abelian TQD codes can be realized as modular-qudit lattice stabilizer codes by starting with an Abelian quantum double model along with a family of Abelian TQDs that generalize the double semion anyon theory and \hyperref[topic:code-switching]{condensing} certain bosonic anyons \cite{arxiv:2112.11394}.
Abelian TQD codes need not be translationally invariant and can realize multiple topological phases on one lattice.'
- code_id: topological_abelian
detail: 'Abelian TQDs realize all modular gapped Abelian topological orders \cite{arxiv:2112.11394}.
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