Add Mount(..., middleware=[...])

docs/middleware.md

@@ -233,6 +233,31 @@ around explicitly, rather than mutating the middleware instance.
     - It's not possible to use `BackgroundTasks` with `BaseHTTPMiddleware`.
     - Using `BaseHTTPMiddleware` will prevent changes to `contextlib.ContextVar`s from propagating upwards. That is, if you set a value for a `ContextVar` in your endpoint and try to read it from a middleware you will find that the value is not the same value you set in your endpoint (see [this test](https://github.com/encode/starlette/blob/621abc747a6604825190b93467918a0ec6456a24/tests/middleware/test_base.py#L192-L223) for an example of this behavior).
 
+## Applying middleware on mounts
+
+Middleware can also be added to `Mount`, which allows you to apply middleware to a single route, a group of routes or any mounted ASGI application:
+
+```python
+from starlette.applications import Starlette
+from starlette.middleware.gzip import GzipMiddleware
+
+
+routes = [
+    Mount(
+        "/",
+        routes=[
+            Route(
+                "/example",
+                endpoint=...,
+            )
+        ],
+        middleware=[GzipMiddleware]
+    )
+]
+
+app = Starlette(routes=routes)
+```
+
 ## Using middleware in other frameworks
 
 To wrap ASGI middleware around other ASGI applications, you should use the

starlette/routing.py

@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@
 from starlette.convertors import CONVERTOR_TYPES, Convertor
 from starlette.datastructures import URL, Headers, URLPath
 from starlette.exceptions import HTTPException
+from starlette.middleware import Middleware
 from starlette.requests import Request
 from starlette.responses import PlainTextResponse, RedirectResponse
 from starlette.types import ASGIApp, Receive, Scope, Send
@@ -334,24 +335,30 @@ def __init__(
         app: typing.Optional[ASGIApp] = None,
         routes: typing.Optional[typing.Sequence[BaseRoute]] = None,
         name: typing.Optional[str] = None,
+        *,
+        middleware: typing.Optional[typing.Sequence[Middleware]] = None,
     ) -> None:
         assert path == "" or path.startswith("/"), "Routed paths must start with '/'"
         assert (
             app is not None or routes is not None
         ), "Either 'app=...', or 'routes=' must be specified"
         self.path = path.rstrip("/")
         if app is not None:
-            self.app: ASGIApp = app
+            self._base_app: ASGIApp = app
         else:
-            self.app = Router(routes=routes)
+            self._base_app = Router(routes=routes)
+        self.app = self._base_app
+        if middleware is not None:
+            for cls, options in reversed(middleware):
+                self.app = cls(app=self.app, **options)
         self.name = name
         self.path_regex, self.path_format, self.param_convertors = compile_path(
             self.path + "/{path:path}"
         )
 
     @property
     def routes(self) -> typing.List[BaseRoute]:
-        return getattr(self.app, "routes", [])
+        return getattr(self._base_app, "routes", [])
 
     def matches(self, scope: Scope) -> typing.Tuple[Match, Scope]:
         if scope["type"] in ("http", "websocket"):

tests/test_routing.py

@@ -5,8 +5,20 @@
 import pytest
 
 from starlette.applications import Starlette
+from starlette.middleware import Middleware
+from starlette.middleware.base import BaseHTTPMiddleware, RequestResponseEndpoint
+from starlette.requests import Request
 from starlette.responses import JSONResponse, PlainTextResponse, Response
-from starlette.routing import Host, Mount, NoMatchFound, Route, Router, WebSocketRoute
+from starlette.routing import (
+    BaseRoute,
+    Host,
+    Mount,
+    NoMatchFound,
+    Route,
+    Router,
+    WebSocketRoute,
+)
+from starlette.testclient import TestClient
 from starlette.websockets import WebSocket, WebSocketDisconnect
 
 
@@ -746,3 +758,93 @@ def __call__(self, request):
 )
 def test_route_name(endpoint: typing.Callable, expected_name: str):
     assert Route(path="/", endpoint=endpoint).name == expected_name
+
+
+def assert_middleware_header_route(request: Request):
+    assert getattr(request.state, "middleware_touched") == "Set by middleware"
+    return Response()
+
+
+class AddHeadersMiddleware(BaseHTTPMiddleware):
+    async def dispatch(
+        self, request: Request, call_next: RequestResponseEndpoint
+    ) -> Response:
+        setattr(request.state, "middleware_touched", "Set by middleware")
+        response: Response = await call_next(request)
+        response.headers["X-Test"] = "Set by middleware"
+        return response
+
+
+mounted_routes_with_middleware = Mount(
+    "/http",
+    routes=[
+        Route(
+            "/",
+            endpoint=assert_middleware_header_route,
+            methods=["GET"],
+            name="route",
+        ),
+    ],
+    middleware=[Middleware(AddHeadersMiddleware)],
+)
+
+
+mounted_app_with_middleware = Mount(
+    "/http",
+    app=Route(
+        "/",
+        endpoint=assert_middleware_header_route,
+        methods=["GET"],
+        name="route",
+    ),
+    middleware=[Middleware(AddHeadersMiddleware)],
+)
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    "route",
+    [
+        mounted_routes_with_middleware,
+        mounted_routes_with_middleware,
+        mounted_app_with_middleware,
+    ],
+)
+def test_mount_middleware(
+    test_client_factory: typing.Callable[..., TestClient],
+    route: BaseRoute,
+) -> None:
+    test_client = test_client_factory(Router([route]))
+    response = test_client.get("/http")
+    assert response.status_code == 200
+    assert response.headers["X-Test"] == "Set by middleware"
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    "route",
+    [
+        mounted_routes_with_middleware,
+        mounted_routes_with_middleware,
+    ],
+)
+def test_mount_middleware_url_path_for(route: BaseRoute) -> None:
+    """Checks that url_path_for still works with middleware on Mounts"""
+    router = Router([route])
+    assert router.url_path_for("route") == "/http/"
+
+
+def test_add_route_to_app_after_mount(
+    test_client_factory: typing.Callable[..., TestClient],
+) -> None:
+    """Checks that Mount will pick up routes
+    added to the underlying app after it is mounted
+    """
+    inner_app = Router()
+    app = Mount("/http", app=inner_app)
+    inner_app.add_route(
+        "/inner",
+        endpoint=lambda request: Response(),
+        methods=["GET"],
+    )
+    client = test_client_factory(app)
+    response = client.get("/http/inner")
+    assert response.status_code == 200