g10k

My r10k fork written in Go, designed to work somwhat similar like puppetlabs/r10k.

Why fork?

• Lack of caching/version-pre-checking in current r10k implementation hurt perfomance beyond a certain # of modules per Puppetfile
• We need distinct SSHKeys for each source in the r10k.yaml and 'rugged' never really wanted to play nice (fixed in r10k 2.2.0)
• Good excuse to try Go ;)

Changes breaking complete r10k compatibility

• No SVN support
• Forge modules must be specified like this:

mod 'theforeman/puppet'

• Git modules must be specified like this:

mod 'apache',
  :git => 'https://github.com/puppetlabs/puppetlabs-apache.git'

Non-breaking changes to r10k

• Download/Cache each git Puppet Module repository and each Puppetlabs Forge Puppet Module for each respective version only once
• Most things (git, forge, and copy operations) done in parallel over each branch
• Optional support for different ssh keys for each source inside the r10k.yaml

Pseudo "benchmark"

Using Puppetfile with 4 git repositories and 25 Forge modules https://github.com/xorpaul/g10k-environment/blob/benchmark/Puppetfile

2016-10-14	w/o cache	w/ cache
r10k	1m14s,1m18s,1m12s	18s,17s,17s
g10k	4.6s,5s,4.7s	1s,1s,1s

Using go 1.7.1 and g10k commit 7524778 Using ruby 2.1.5+deb8u2 and r10k v2.4.3 On Dell PowerEdge R320 Intel Xeon E5-2430 24 GB RAM on Debian Jessie

Benchmark w/o cache

rm -rf /tmp/g10k ; GDIR=$RANDOM ; mkdir /tmp/$GDIR/ ; cd /tmp/$GDIR/ ; \
wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/xorpaul/g10k-environment/benchmark/Puppetfile ; \
time g10k -puppetfile

RDIR=$RANDOM ; mkdir /tmp/$RDIR/ ; cd /tmp/$RDIR/ ; \
wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/xorpaul/g10k-environment/benchmark/Puppetfile ; \
time r10k puppetfile install

Benchmark w/ cache

cd /tmp/$GDIR/ ; time g10k -puppetfile
cd /tmp/$RDIR/ ; time r10k puppetfile install

installation

You can just grab the most recent stable release here: https://github.com/xorpaul/g10k/releases

• Before using g10k with a large Puppet setup with many modules, be sure to increase the amount of open file handles (nfiles) and number of child processes (nproc), see limits.conf(5) for details.
• If you are using a private Git or Forge server think about adjusting the -maxworker parameter/config setting before DOSing your own infrastructure ;) (default 50)
• To protect your local machine use -maxextractworker parameter/config setting with wich you can limit the number of Goroutines that are allowed to run in parallel for local Git and Forge module extracting processes (git clone, untar and gunzip) (default 20)

installation of g10k via Puppet module

User @Conzar was so nice and shared his g10k Puppet module that you can check out here:

• Puppet Forge
• Source code

Usage Docs

Usage of ./g10k:
  -branch string
        which git branch of the Puppet environment to update, e.g. core_foobar
  -cachedir string
        allows overriding of the g10k config file cachedir setting, the folder in which g10k will download git repositories and Forge modules
  -check4update
        only check if the is newer version of the Puppet module avaialable. Does implicitly set dryrun to true
  -checksum
        get the md5 check sum for each Puppetlabs Forge module and verify the integrity of the downloaded archive. Increases g10k run time!
  -config string
        which config file to use
  -debug
        log debug output, defaults to false
  -dryrun
        do not modify anything, just print what would be changed
  -force
        purge the Puppet environment directory and do a full sync
  -gitobjectsyntaxnotsupported
        if your git version is too old to support reference syntax like master^{object} use this setting to revert to the older syntax
  -info
        log info output, defaults to false
  -maxextractworker int
        how many Goroutines are allowed to run in parallel for local Git and Forge module extracting processes (git clone, untar and gunzip) (default 20)
  -maxworker int
        how many Goroutines are allowed to run in parallel for Git and Forge module resolving (default 50)
  -module string
        which module of the Puppet environment to update, e.g. stdlib
  -moduledir string
        allows overriding of Puppetfile specific moduledir setting, the folder in which Puppet modules will be extracted
  -outputname string
        overwrite the environment name if -branch is specified
  -puppetfile
        install all modules from Puppetfile in cwd
  -puppetfilelocation string
        which Puppetfile to use in -puppetfile mode (default "./Puppetfile")
  -quiet
        no output, defaults to false
  -retrygitcommands
        if g10k should purge the local repository and retry a failed git command (clone or remote update) instead of failing
  -tags
        to pull tags as well as branches
  -usecachefallback
        if g10k should try to use its cache for sources and modules instead of failing
  -usemove
        do not use hardlinks to populate your Puppet environments with Puppetlabs Forge modules. Instead uses simple move commands and purges the Forge cache directory after each run! (Useful for g10k runs inside a Docker container)
  -verbose
        log verbose output, defaults to false
  -version
        show build time and version number

Regarding anything usage/workflow you really can just use the great puppetlabs/r10k docs as the Puppetfile etc. are all intentionally kept unchanged.

Using g10k behind a proxy

Set the environment variables http_proxy or https_proxy to make g10k use a proxy. E.g. http_proxy=http://proxy.domain.tld:8080 ./g10k -puppetfile See https://golang.org/pkg/net/http/#ProxyFromEnvironment for details.

additional Puppetfile features

• link Git module branch to the current environment branch:

mod 'awesomemodule',
    :git => 'http://github.com/foo/bar.git',
    :link => 'true'

If you are in environment branch dev then g10k would try to check out this module with branch dev. This helps to be able to use the same Puppetfile over multiple environment branches and makes merges easier. See xorpaul#6 for details.

Now also supports the r10k setting name :branch => :control_branch See #73

• only clone if branch/tag/commit exists

mod 'awesomemodule',
    :git => 'http://github.com/foo/bar.git',
    :ignore-unreachable => 'true'

In combination with the previous link feature you don't need to keep all environment branches also available for your modules. See xorpaul#9 for details.

• use different Forge base URL for your modules in your Puppetfile

forge.baseUrl http://foobar.domain.tld/

• skip version checks for latest Forge modules for a certain time to speed up the sync

forge.cacheTtl 4h

You need to specify the TTL value in the form of golang Duration (https://golang.org/pkg/time/#ParseDuration)

• try multiple Git branches for a Puppet module until one can be used

mod 'stdlib',
    :git => 'https://github.com/puppetlabs/puppetlabs-stdlib.git',
    :fallback => '4.889.x|foobar|master'

In this example g10k tries to use the branches:

4.889.x -> foobar -> master

Because there are no branches 4.889.x or foobar.

All without failing or error messages.

Tip: You can see which branch was used, when using the -verbose parameter:

./g10k -puppetfile -verbose
2016/11/08 14:16:40 Executing git --git-dir ./tmp/https-__github.com_puppetlabs_puppetlabs-stdlib.git remote update --prune took 1.05001s
2016/11/08 14:16:40 Executing git --git-dir ./tmp/https-__github.com_puppetlabs_puppetlabs-stdlib.git log -n1 --pretty=format:%H master took 0.00299s
Synced ./Puppetfile with 4 git repositories and 0 Forge modules in 1.1s with git (1.1s sync, I/O 0.0s) and Forge (0.0s query+download, I/O 0.0s)

Now also supports the r10k setting name :default_branch => 'master' See #73

• additional Forge attribute :sha256sum:

For (some) increased security you can add a SHA256 sum for each Forge module, which g10k will verify after downloading the respective .tar.gz file:

mod 'puppetlabs/ntp', '6.0.0', :sha256sum => 'a988a172a3edde6ac2a26d0e893faa88d37bc47465afc50d55225a036906c944'

This does provide a very crude way to detect manipulated Forge modules and MITM attacks until the Puppetlabs Forge does support some sort of signing of Forge module releases.

If the SHA256 sum does not match the expected hash sum, g10k will warn the user and retry a download until giving up:

Resolving Forge modules (0/1)   --- [--------------------------------------------------------------------]   0%
WARNING: calculated sha256sum a988a172a3edde6ac2a26d0e893faa88d37bc47465afc50d55225a036906c944 for ./tmp/puppetlabs-ntp-6.0.0.tar.gz does not match expected sha256sum a988a172a3edde6ac2a26d0e893faa88d37bc47465afc50d55225a036906c94
Resolving Forge modules (0/1)   --- [--------------------------------------------------------------------]   0%
WARNING: calculated sha256sum a988a172a3edde6ac2a26d0e893faa88d37bc47465afc50d55225a036906c944 for ./tmp/puppetlabs-ntp-6.0.0.tar.gz does not match expected sha256sum a988a172a3edde6ac2a26d0e893faa88d37bc47465afc50d55225a036906c94
2016/12/08 18:05:11 downloadForgeModule(): giving up for Puppet module puppetlabs-ntp version: 6.0.0

(The Forge module retry count in case the Puppetlabs Forge provided MD5 sum, file archive size or SHA256 sum doesn't match defaults to 1, but will be user configurable later.)

• override g10k cache directory with environment variable

You can use the following environment variable to make g10k use a different cache directory:

g10k_cachedir=/var/tmp g10k ...

This will also override the -cachedir parameter.

additional g10k config features compared to r10k

• you can enforce version numbers of Forge modules in your Puppetfiles instead of :latest or :present by adding force_forge_versions: true to the g10k config in the specific resource

---
:cachedir: '/tmp/g10k'

sources:
  example:
    remote: 'https://github.com/xorpaul/g10k-environment.git'
    basedir: '/tmp/example/'
    force_forge_versions: true

If g10k then encounters :latest or :present for a Forge module it errors out with:

2016/11/15 18:45:38 Error: Found present setting for forge module in /tmp/example/example_benchmark/Puppetfile for module puppetlabs/concat line: mod 'puppetlabs/concat' and force_forge_versions is set to true! Please specify a version (e.g. '2.3.0')

• g10k can let you know if your source does not contain the branch you specified with the -branch parameter:

---
:cachedir: '/tmp/g10k'

sources:
  example:
    remote: 'https://github.com/xorpaul/g10k-environment.git'
    basedir: '/tmp/example/'
    warn_if_branch_is_missing: true

If you then call g10k with this config file and the following parameter -branch nonExistingBranch. You should get:

WARNING: Couldn't find specified branch 'nonExistingBranch' anywhere in source 'example' (https://github.com/xorpaul/g10k-environment.git)

This can be helpful if you use a dedicated hiera repository/g10k source and you want to ensure that you always have a matching branch, see #45

• By default g10k fails if one of your Puppet environments could not be completely populated (e.g. if one of your Puppet Git module branches doesn't exist anymore). You can change this by setting ignore_unreachable_modules to true in your g10k config:

---
:cachedir: '/tmp/g10k'
ignore_unreachable_modules: true

sources:
  example:
    remote: 'https://github.com/xorpaul/g10k-failing-env.git'
    basedir: '/tmp/failing/'

If you then call g10k with this config file and debug verbosity level, you should get:

DEBUG: Failed to populate module /tmp/failing/master/modules//sensu/ but ignore-unreachable is set. Continuing...

See #57 for details.

• abort g10k run if source repository is unreachable

---
:cachedir: '/tmp/g10k'

sources:
  example:
    remote: 'git://github.com/xorpaul/g10k-environment-unavailable.git'
    basedir: '/tmp/example/'
    exit_if_unreachable: true

If you then call g10k with this config file. You should get:

WARN: git repository git://github.com/xorpaul/g10k-environment-unavailable.git does not exist or is unreachable at this moment!
WARNING: Could not resolve git repository in source 'example' (git://github.com/xorpaul/g10k-environment-unavailable.git)

with an exit code 1

• g10k can use the cached version of Forge and git modules if their sources are currently not available:

---
:cachedir: '/tmp/g10k'
use_cache_fallback: true

sources:
  example:
    remote: 'git://github.com/xorpaul/g10k-environment-unavailable.git'
    basedir: '/tmp/example/'

If you then call g10k with this config file and your github.com repository is unavailable your g10k run tries to find a suitable cached version of your modules:

WARN: git repository https://github.com/puppetlabs/puppetlabs-firewall.git does not exist or is unreachable at this moment!
WARN: Trying to use cache for https://github.com/puppetlabs/puppetlabs-firewall.git git repository

if your g10k did manage to at least once cache this git repository.

If there is no useable cache available your g10k run still fails.

• You can let g10k retry to git clone or update the local repository if it failed before and was left in a corrupted state:

---
:cachedir: '/tmp/g10k'
retry_git_commands: true

sources:
  example:
    remote: 'https://github.com/xorpaul/g10k-environment.git'
    basedir: '/tmp/example/'

If you then call g10k with this config file and have a corrupted local Git repository, g10k deletes the local cache and retries the Git clone command once:

WARN: git command failed: git --git-dir /tmp/g10k/modules/https-__github.com_puppetlabs_puppetlabs-firewall.git remote update --prune deleting local cached repository and retrying...

See #76 for details.

• Autocorrecting Puppet environment names

Like in r10k for each source in your g10k config you can set the attribute invalid_branches with the following values:

• correct_and_warn: Non-word characters will be replaced with underscores and a warning will be emitted.
• correct: Non-word characters will silently be replaced with underscores.
• error: Branches with non-word characters will be ignored and an error will be emitted.

The default value is to leave the environment unchanged, which differs from the r10k default!

Example:

---
:cachedir: '/tmp/g10k'

sources:
  example:
    remote: 'https://github.com/xorpaul/g10k-environment.git'
    basedir: '/tmp/example/'
    invalid_branches: 'correct'

If you then call g10k with this config file and have a branch named something like single_autocorrect-%-fooo it will be renamed to single_autocorrect___fooo

See #81 for details.

• Support for older Git versions, like on CentOS 6

To check for really existing objects, g10k uses master^{object} syntax, which is not supported in older Git versions, like on CentOS 6, see #91 g10k will skip this sanity check when the g10k config setting git_object_syntax_not_supported is set to true (defaults to false) Example:

---
:cachedir: '/tmp/g10k'
git_object_syntax_not_supported: true

sources:
  example:
    remote: 'https://github.com/xorpaul/g10k-environment.git'
    basedir: '/tmp/example/'

• Added support for r10k-like purge behaviour of stale content

Starting with v.0.7.0 g10k supports the r10k-like purge behaviour of stale content with the different configuration settings purge_level and purge_whitelist as documented here for purge_levels and here for purge_whiltelist

Please check if you need to whitelist files/folders inside your Puppet environments!

As an additional setting, you can also whitelist Puppet environments with deployment_purge_whitelist, that would've been purged by the deployment purge_level. This can be helpful if you have a similar source name or prefix set. E.g. having a source called foobar and another one foobar_hiera would have purged all foobar_hiera_* branches if there are not branches called hiera_master or similar in the foobar source.

Example:

---
deploy:
  purge_levels: ['deployment', 'puppetfile', 'environment']
  purge_whitelist: [ '.latest_revision', '.resource_types' ]
  deployment_purge_whitelist: [ 'example_hiera_*', '.resource_types' ]

sources:
  example:
    remote: 'https://github.com/xorpaul/g10k-environment.git'
    basedir: '/tmp/out/'
    prefix: true
  example_hiera:
    remote: 'https://github.com/xorpaul/g10k-hiera.git'
    basedir: '/tmp/out/'
    prefix: true

Starting with v.0.7.1 g10k supports purge_blacklist feature to remove unnecessary files from the sync / Puppetservers.

Example:

---
deploy:
  purge_blacklist: [ 'spec', 'readmes', 'examples', '*.markdown', '*.md', 'junit', 'docs' ]

sources:
  example:
    remote: 'https://github.com/xorpaul/g10k-environment.git'
    prefix: true
    basedir: './example/'

building

# only initially needed to resolve all dependencies
go get
# actually compiling the binary with the current date as build time
BUILDTIME=$(date -u '+%Y-%m-%d_%H:%M:%S') && go build -ldflags "-s -w -X main.buildtime=$BUILDTIME"

execute example with debug output

./g10k -debug -config test.yaml