Add naming schemes.

These naming scheme classes will be used in the query parser to convert string
inputs into patterns. The patterns will be used later to resolve ambiguous
group-by-items.

metricflow/naming/dunder_scheme.py

@@ -0,0 +1,169 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import re
+from typing import Optional, Sequence, Tuple
+
+from dbt_semantic_interfaces.naming.keywords import DUNDER
+from dbt_semantic_interfaces.references import EntityReference
+from dbt_semantic_interfaces.type_enums import TimeGranularity
+from dbt_semantic_interfaces.type_enums.date_part import DatePart
+from typing_extensions import override
+
+from metricflow.naming.naming_scheme import QueryItemNamingScheme
+from metricflow.specs.patterns.entity_link_pattern import (
+    EntityLinkPattern,
+    EntityLinkPatternParameterSet,
+    ParameterSetField,
+)
+from metricflow.specs.specs import (
+    LinkableInstanceSpec,
+    LinkableSpecSet,
+    LinkableSpecSetTransform,
+)
+
+
+class DunderNamingScheme(QueryItemNamingScheme):
+    """A naming scheme using the dundered name syntax.
+
+    TODO: Consolidate with StructuredLinkableSpecName / DunderedNameFormatter.
+    """
+
+    _INPUT_REGEX = re.compile(r"\A[a-z]([a-z0-9_])*[a-z0-9]\Z")
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def date_part_suffix(date_part: DatePart) -> str:
+        """Suffix used for names with a date_part."""
+        return f"extract_{date_part.value}"
+
+    @override
+    def input_str(self, instance_spec: LinkableInstanceSpec) -> Optional[str]:
+        spec_set = LinkableSpecSet.from_specs((instance_spec,))
+
+        for time_dimension_spec in spec_set.time_dimension_specs:
+            # From existing comment in StructuredLinkableSpecName:
+            #
+            # Dunder syntax not supported for querying date_part
+            #
+            if time_dimension_spec.date_part is not None:
+                return None
+        names = _DunderNameTransform().transform(LinkableSpecSet.from_specs((instance_spec,)))
+        if len(names) != 1:
+            raise RuntimeError(f"Did not get 1 name for {instance_spec}. Got {names}")
+
+        return names[0]
+
+    @override
+    def spec_pattern(self, input_str: str) -> EntityLinkPattern:
+        if not self.input_str_follows_scheme(input_str):
+            raise RuntimeError(f"{repr(input_str)} does not follow this scheme.")
+
+        input_str = input_str.lower()
+
+        input_str_parts = input_str.split(DUNDER)
+        fields_to_compare: Tuple[ParameterSetField, ...] = (
+            ParameterSetField.ELEMENT_NAME,
+            ParameterSetField.ENTITY_LINKS,
+            ParameterSetField.DATE_PART,
+        )
+
+        time_grain = None
+
+        # No dunder, e.g. "ds"
+        if len(input_str_parts) == 1:
+            return EntityLinkPattern(
+                parameter_set=EntityLinkPatternParameterSet(
+                    element_name=input_str_parts[0],
+                    entity_links=(),
+                    time_granularity=time_grain,
+                    date_part=None,
+                    fields_to_compare=tuple(fields_to_compare),
+                )
+            )
+
+        # At this point, len(input_str_parts) >= 2
+        for granularity in TimeGranularity:
+            if input_str_parts[-1] == granularity.value:
+                time_grain = granularity
+
+        # Has a time grain specified.
+        if time_grain is not None:
+            fields_to_compare = fields_to_compare + (ParameterSetField.TIME_GRANULARITY,)
+            #  e.g. "ds__month"
+            if len(input_str_parts) == 2:
+                return EntityLinkPattern(
+                    parameter_set=EntityLinkPatternParameterSet(
+                        element_name=input_str_parts[-1],
+                        entity_links=(),
+                        time_granularity=time_grain,
+                        date_part=None,
+                        fields_to_compare=fields_to_compare,
+                    )
+                )
+            # e.g. "messages__ds__month"
+            return EntityLinkPattern(
+                parameter_set=EntityLinkPatternParameterSet(
+                    element_name=input_str_parts[-2],
+                    entity_links=tuple(EntityReference(entity_name) for entity_name in input_str_parts[:-2]),
+                    time_granularity=time_grain,
+                    date_part=None,
+                    fields_to_compare=fields_to_compare,
+                )
+            )
+
+        # e.g. "messages__ds"
+        return EntityLinkPattern(
+            parameter_set=EntityLinkPatternParameterSet(
+                element_name=input_str_parts[-1],
+                entity_links=tuple(EntityReference(entity_name) for entity_name in input_str_parts[:-1]),
+                time_granularity=None,
+                date_part=None,
+                fields_to_compare=fields_to_compare,
+            )
+        )
+
+    @override
+    def input_str_follows_scheme(self, input_str: str) -> bool:
+        # This naming scheme is case-insensitive.
+        input_str = input_str.lower()
+        if DunderNamingScheme._INPUT_REGEX.match(input_str) is None:
+            return False
+
+        input_str_parts = input_str.split(DUNDER)
+
+        for date_part in DatePart:
+            if input_str_parts[-1] == DunderNamingScheme.date_part_suffix(date_part=date_part):
+                # From existing message in StructuredLinkableSpecName: "Dunder syntax not supported for querying
+                # date_part".
+                return False
+
+        return True
+
+    @override
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        return f"{self.__class__.__name__}(id()={hex(id(self))})"
+
+
+class _DunderNameTransform(LinkableSpecSetTransform[Sequence[str]]):
+    """Transforms group-by-item spec into the dundered name."""
+
+    @override
+    def transform(self, spec_set: LinkableSpecSet) -> Sequence[str]:
+        names_to_return = []
+
+        for time_dimension_spec in spec_set.time_dimension_specs:
+            items = list(entity_link.element_name for entity_link in time_dimension_spec.entity_links) + [
+                time_dimension_spec.element_name
+            ]
+            if time_dimension_spec.date_part is not None:
+                items.append(DunderNamingScheme.date_part_suffix(date_part=time_dimension_spec.date_part))
+            else:
+                items.append(time_dimension_spec.time_granularity.value)
+            names_to_return.append(DUNDER.join(items))
+
+        for other_group_by_item_specs in spec_set.entity_specs + spec_set.dimension_specs:
+            items = list(entity_link.element_name for entity_link in other_group_by_item_specs.entity_links) + [
+                other_group_by_item_specs.element_name
+            ]
+            names_to_return.append(DUNDER.join(items))
+
+        return sorted(names_to_return)

metricflow/naming/naming_scheme.py

@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from abc import ABC, abstractmethod
+from typing import Optional
+
+from metricflow.specs.patterns.spec_pattern import SpecPattern
+from metricflow.specs.specs import LinkableInstanceSpec
+
+
+class QueryItemNamingScheme(ABC):
+    """Describes how to name items that are involved in a MetricFlow query.
+
+    Right now, this is used for group-by-items as there are different ways to name them like "user__country"
+    or "TimeDimension('metric_time', 'DAY')".
+    """
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    def input_str(self, instance_spec: LinkableInstanceSpec) -> Optional[str]:
+        """Following this scheme, return the string that can be used as an input that would specify the given spec.
+
+        This is used to generate suggestions from available group-by-items if the user specifies a group-by-item that is
+        invalid.
+
+        If this scheme cannot accommodate the spec, return None. This is needed to handle a case with DatePart in
+        DunderNamingScheme, but naming schemes should otherwise be complete.
+        """
+        pass
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    def spec_pattern(self, input_str: str) -> SpecPattern:
+        """Given an input that follows this scheme, return a spec pattern that matches the described input."""
+        pass
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    def input_str_follows_scheme(self, input_str: str) -> bool:
+        """Returns true if the given input string follows this naming scheme.
+
+        Consider adding a structured result that indicates why it does not match the scheme.
+        """
+        pass