Upgrade protobuf to >=5.0,<6.0

[gshank]

See dbt-common dbt-labs/dbt-common#218, dbt-core dbt-labs/dbt-core#10658

Problem

Difficulties installing and coordinating older versions of protobuf.

Solution

Update protobuf to >=5.0,<6.0

Checklist

• I have read the contributing guide and understand what's expected of me
• I have run this code in development, and it appears to resolve the stated issue
• This PR includes tests, or tests are not required/relevant for this PR
• This PR has no interface changes (e.g. macros, cli, logs, json artifacts, config files, adapter interface, etc.) or this PR has already received feedback and approval from Product or DX

[github-actions]

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