Configurable naming conventions for local variable declarations and other locally-scoped variables. This rule reports variable declarations which do not match the regex that applies to their specific kind (e.g. final variable, or catch-clause parameter). Each regex can be configured through properties. By default this rule uses the standard Java naming convention (Camel case). LocalVariableNamingConventions (Priority: 1, Ruleset: Code Style) https://docs.pmd-code.org/pmd-doc-7.0.0-rc4/pmd_rules_java_codestyle.html#localvariablenamingconventions

Configurable naming conventions for local variable declarations and other locally-scoped variables. This rule reports variable declarations which do not match the regex that applies to their specific kind (e.g. final variable, or catch-clause parameter). Each regex can be configured through properties. By default this rule uses the standard Java naming convention (Camel case). LocalVariableNamingConventions (Priority: 1, Ruleset: Code Style) https://docs.pmd-code.org/pmd-doc-7.0.0-rc4/pmd_rules_java_codestyle.html#localvariablenamingconventions

Configurable naming conventions for local variable declarations and other locally-scoped variables. This rule reports variable declarations which do not match the regex that applies to their specific kind (e.g. final variable, or catch-clause parameter). Each regex can be configured through properties. By default this rule uses the standard Java naming convention (Camel case). LocalVariableNamingConventions (Priority: 1, Ruleset: Code Style) https://docs.pmd-code.org/pmd-doc-7.0.0-rc4/pmd_rules_java_codestyle.html#localvariablenamingconventions

For any method that returns an collection (such as an array, Collection or Map), it is better to return an empty one rather than a null reference. This removes the need for null checking all results and avoids inadvertent NullPointerExceptions. See Effective Java, 3rd Edition, Item 54: Return empty collections or arrays instead of null ReturnEmptyCollectionRatherThanNull (Priority: 1, Ruleset: Error Prone) https://docs.pmd-code.org/pmd-doc-7.0.0-rc4/pmd_rules_java_errorprone.html#returnemptycollectionratherthannull

For any method that returns an collection (such as an array, Collection or Map), it is better to return an empty one rather than a null reference. This removes the need for null checking all results and avoids inadvertent NullPointerExceptions. See Effective Java, 3rd Edition, Item 54: Return empty collections or arrays instead of null ReturnEmptyCollectionRatherThanNull (Priority: 1, Ruleset: Error Prone) https://docs.pmd-code.org/pmd-doc-7.0.0-rc4/pmd_rules_java_errorprone.html#returnemptycollectionratherthannull

For any method that returns an collection (such as an array, Collection or Map), it is better to return an empty one rather than a null reference. This removes the need for null checking all results and avoids inadvertent NullPointerExceptions. See Effective Java, 3rd Edition, Item 54: Return empty collections or arrays instead of null ReturnEmptyCollectionRatherThanNull (Priority: 1, Ruleset: Error Prone) https://docs.pmd-code.org/pmd-doc-7.0.0-rc4/pmd_rules_java_errorprone.html#returnemptycollectionratherthannull

For any method that returns an collection (such as an array, Collection or Map), it is better to return an empty one rather than a null reference. This removes the need for null checking all results and avoids inadvertent NullPointerExceptions. See Effective Java, 3rd Edition, Item 54: Return empty collections or arrays instead of null ReturnEmptyCollectionRatherThanNull (Priority: 1, Ruleset: Error Prone) https://docs.pmd-code.org/pmd-doc-7.0.0-rc4/pmd_rules_java_errorprone.html#returnemptycollectionratherthannull

For any method that returns an collection (such as an array, Collection or Map), it is better to return an empty one rather than a null reference. This removes the need for null checking all results and avoids inadvertent NullPointerExceptions. See Effective Java, 3rd Edition, Item 54: Return empty collections or arrays instead of null ReturnEmptyCollectionRatherThanNull (Priority: 1, Ruleset: Error Prone) https://docs.pmd-code.org/pmd-doc-7.0.0-rc4/pmd_rules_java_errorprone.html#returnemptycollectionratherthannull

For any method that returns an collection (such as an array, Collection or Map), it is better to return an empty one rather than a null reference. This removes the need for null checking all results and avoids inadvertent NullPointerExceptions. See Effective Java, 3rd Edition, Item 54: Return empty collections or arrays instead of null ReturnEmptyCollectionRatherThanNull (Priority: 1, Ruleset: Error Prone) https://docs.pmd-code.org/pmd-doc-7.0.0-rc4/pmd_rules_java_errorprone.html#returnemptycollectionratherthannull

For any method that returns an collection (such as an array, Collection or Map), it is better to return an empty one rather than a null reference. This removes the need for null checking all results and avoids inadvertent NullPointerExceptions. See Effective Java, 3rd Edition, Item 54: Return empty collections or arrays instead of null ReturnEmptyCollectionRatherThanNull (Priority: 1, Ruleset: Error Prone) https://docs.pmd-code.org/pmd-doc-7.0.0-rc4/pmd_rules_java_errorprone.html#returnemptycollectionratherthannull

By convention, the default label should be the last label in a switch statement. DefaultLabelNotLastInSwitchStmt (Priority: 3, Ruleset: Best Practices) https://docs.pmd-code.org/pmd-doc-7.0.0-rc4/pmd_rules_java_bestpractices.html#defaultlabelnotlastinswitchstmt

Parenthesized expressions are used to override the default operator precedence rules. Parentheses whose removal would not change the relative nesting of operators are unnecessary, because they don't change the semantics of the enclosing expression. Some parentheses that strictly speaking are unnecessary, may still be considered useful for readability. This rule allows to ignore violations on two kinds of unnecessary parentheses: - "Clarifying" parentheses, which separate operators of difference precedence. While unnecessary, they make precedence rules explicit, which may be useful for rarely used operators. For example: ```java (a + b) & c // is equivalent to `a + b & c`, but probably clearer ``` Unset the property `ignoreClarifying` to report them. - "Balancing" parentheses, which are unnecessary but visually balance out another pair of parentheses around an equality operator. For example, those two expressions are equivalent: ```java (a == null) != (b == null) a == null != (b == null) ``` The parentheses on the right are required, and the parentheses on the left are just more visually pleasing. Unset the property `ignoreBalancing` to report them. UselessParentheses (Priority: 4, Ruleset: Code Style) https://docs.pmd-code.org/pmd-doc-7.0.0-rc4/pmd_rules_java_codestyle.html#uselessparentheses

Parenthesized expressions are used to override the default operator precedence rules. Parentheses whose removal would not change the relative nesting of operators are unnecessary, because they don't change the semantics of the enclosing expression. Some parentheses that strictly speaking are unnecessary, may still be considered useful for readability. This rule allows to ignore violations on two kinds of unnecessary parentheses: - "Clarifying" parentheses, which separate operators of difference precedence. While unnecessary, they make precedence rules explicit, which may be useful for rarely used operators. For example: ```java (a + b) & c // is equivalent to `a + b & c`, but probably clearer ``` Unset the property `ignoreClarifying` to report them. - "Balancing" parentheses, which are unnecessary but visually balance out another pair of parentheses around an equality operator. For example, those two expressions are equivalent: ```java (a == null) != (b == null) a == null != (b == null) ``` The parentheses on the right are required, and the parentheses on the left are just more visually pleasing. Unset the property `ignoreBalancing` to report them. UselessParentheses (Priority: 4, Ruleset: Code Style) https://docs.pmd-code.org/pmd-doc-7.0.0-rc4/pmd_rules_java_codestyle.html#uselessparentheses

Enforce a policy for braces on control statements. It is recommended to use braces on 'if ... else' statements and loop statements, even if they are optional. This usually makes the code clearer, and helps prepare the future when you need to add another statement. That said, this rule lets you control which statements are required to have braces via properties. From 6.2.0 on, this rule supersedes WhileLoopMustUseBraces, ForLoopMustUseBraces, IfStmtMustUseBraces, and IfElseStmtMustUseBraces. ControlStatementBraces (Priority: 3, Ruleset: Code Style) https://docs.pmd-code.org/pmd-doc-7.0.0-rc4/pmd_rules_java_codestyle.html#controlstatementbraces

Enforce a policy for braces on control statements. It is recommended to use braces on 'if ... else' statements and loop statements, even if they are optional. This usually makes the code clearer, and helps prepare the future when you need to add another statement. That said, this rule lets you control which statements are required to have braces via properties. From 6.2.0 on, this rule supersedes WhileLoopMustUseBraces, ForLoopMustUseBraces, IfStmtMustUseBraces, and IfElseStmtMustUseBraces. ControlStatementBraces (Priority: 3, Ruleset: Code Style) https://docs.pmd-code.org/pmd-doc-7.0.0-rc4/pmd_rules_java_codestyle.html#controlstatementbraces

Reports loops that can be safely replaced with the foreach syntax. The rule considers loops over lists, arrays and iterators. A loop is safe to replace if it only uses the index variable to access an element of the list or array, only has one update statement, and loops through *every* element of the list or array left to right. ForLoopCanBeForeach (Priority: 3, Ruleset: Best Practices) https://docs.pmd-code.org/pmd-doc-7.0.0-rc4/pmd_rules_java_bestpractices.html#forloopcanbeforeach

Reports loops that can be safely replaced with the foreach syntax. The rule considers loops over lists, arrays and iterators. A loop is safe to replace if it only uses the index variable to access an element of the list or array, only has one update statement, and loops through *every* element of the list or array left to right. ForLoopCanBeForeach (Priority: 3, Ruleset: Best Practices) https://docs.pmd-code.org/pmd-doc-7.0.0-rc4/pmd_rules_java_bestpractices.html#forloopcanbeforeach

Excessive coupling to implementation types (e.g., `HashSet`) limits your ability to use alternate implementations in the future as requirements change. Whenever available, declare variables and parameters using a more general type (e.g, `Set`). This rule reports uses of concrete collection types. User-defined types that should be treated the same as interfaces can be configured with the property `allowedTypes`. LooseCoupling (Priority: 3, Ruleset: Best Practices) https://docs.pmd-code.org/pmd-doc-7.0.0-rc4/pmd_rules_java_bestpractices.html#loosecoupling

Excessive coupling to implementation types (e.g., `HashSet`) limits your ability to use alternate implementations in the future as requirements change. Whenever available, declare variables and parameters using a more general type (e.g, `Set`). This rule reports uses of concrete collection types. User-defined types that should be treated the same as interfaces can be configured with the property `allowedTypes`. LooseCoupling (Priority: 3, Ruleset: Best Practices) https://docs.pmd-code.org/pmd-doc-7.0.0-rc4/pmd_rules_java_bestpractices.html#loosecoupling