quantum principal component analysis notebook added

[mlaguna10]

Issue #, if available:

Description of changes:
I'm adding a new notebook under the advance_algorithms folder called 'Quantum Principal Component Analysis'. This notebook is not inteded to scale for a real case of PCA but to show (and teach) how PCA can be implemented for a specific case using quantum computing. I'm adding this PR on this repository following the suggestion made by @licedric (amazon-braket/amazon-braket-examples#402).

Testing done:

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[kshyatt-aws]

Thanks for the PR! I'm not sure if it's just that ReviewNB can't render your LaTeX properly, or whether there are syntax issues in the notebook itself. I had a few copyediting concerns but overall I think this is well on the way there.

[mlaguna10]

Hi Katharine! Thanks for your time and effort.

All your feedback was included in the notebook under the new commit (https://github.com/aws-samples/amazon-braket-algorithm-library/pull/118/commits/0161ace169bbe1a5aaf2abb0b131c254ce938e6f).

Apparently it's just that ReviewNB can't render the LaTeX properly, I saw the LaTex correctly on the notebook on Amazon Braket and also on my laptop using VSCode.

Have a great day!

[mlaguna10]

Feedback included. I agree with you about removing the DM1 use since there is not noise in this scenario. About the subroutines or loops inside the circuit I think it's not that easy because there are not exactly the same each pair of instructions because there are always some differential gates between some pair of instructions.

[mlaguna10]

I forgot to update the conclusions final part to remove the DM1 use. Done.

[mbeach-aws]

@mlaguna10 Overall, it's looking really good, thanks for this contribution! I left a few minor comments

[mlaguna10]

All the new feedback was included. Let me know what you think! :)

[AbeCoull]

Tests are failing as the returned results are mocked out.

For example, the grover results are mocked here.
These are used by the test setup mock here.

Let me know if there are any questions around this process!

[mlaguna10]

Integ tests for the quantum pca and the results were added in the last commit. Thanks Abe!

[codecov]

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