support specify key for Registry.build

Signed-off-by: Zhiyuan Chen <[email protected]>

chanfig/registry.py

@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@
 
 from __future__ import annotations
 
-from collections.abc import Callable, Mapping
+from collections.abc import Callable, MutableMapping
 from copy import deepcopy
 from functools import wraps
 from typing import Any
@@ -88,8 +88,9 @@ class Registry(NestedDict):
 
     override: bool = False
 
-    def __init__(self, override: bool | None = None, fallback: bool | None = None):
+    def __init__(self, override: bool | None = None, key: str = "name", fallback: bool | None = None):
         super().__init__(fallback=fallback)
+        self.setattr("key", key)
         if override is not None:
             self.setattr("override", override)
 
@@ -207,14 +208,14 @@ def init(cls: Callable, *args: Any, **kwargs: Any) -> Any:  # pylint: disable=W0
 
         return cls(*args, **kwargs)
 
-    def build(self, name: str | Mapping, *args: Any, **kwargs: Any) -> Any:
+    def build(self, name: str | MutableMapping | None = None, *args: Any, **kwargs: Any) -> Any:
         r"""
         Build a component.
 
         Args:
-            name (str | Mapping):
-                If its a `Mapping`, it must contain `"name"` as a member, the rest will be treated as `**kwargs`.
-                Note that values in `kwargs` will override values in `name` if its a `Mapping`.
+            name (str | MutableMapping):
+                If its a `MutableMapping`, it must contain `key` as a member, the rest will be treated as `**kwargs`.
+                Note that values in `kwargs` will override values in `name` if its a `MutableMapping`.
             *args: The arguments to pass to the component.
             **kwargs: The keyword arguments to pass to the component.
 
@@ -225,13 +226,13 @@ def build(self, name: str | Mapping, *args: Any, **kwargs: Any) -> Any:
             KeyError: If the component is not registered.
 
         Examples:
-            >>> registry = Registry()
+            >>> registry = Registry(key="model")
             >>> @registry.register
             ... class Module:
             ...     def __init__(self, a, b):
             ...         self.a = a
             ...         self.b = b
-            >>> config = {"module": {"name": "Module", "a": 1, "b": 2}}
+            >>> config = {"module": {"model": "Module", "a": 1, "b": 2}}
             >>> # registry.register(Module)
             >>> module = registry.build(**config["module"])
             >>> type(module)
@@ -245,9 +246,11 @@ def build(self, name: str | Mapping, *args: Any, **kwargs: Any) -> Any:
             2
         """
 
-        if isinstance(name, Mapping):
+        if isinstance(name, MutableMapping):
             name = deepcopy(name)
-            name, kwargs = name.pop("name"), dict(name, **kwargs)  # type: ignore[attr-defined, arg-type]
+            name, kwargs = name.pop(self.getattr("key", "name")), dict(name, **kwargs)  # type: ignore[arg-type]
+        if name is None:
+            name, kwargs = kwargs.pop(self.getattr("key")), dict(**kwargs)
         return self.init(self.lookup(name), *args, **kwargs)  # type: ignore[arg-type]