chore(deps): update dependency dart to v3

[renovate]

This PR contains the following updates:

Package	Update	Change
dart (source)	major	>=2.17.0 <3.0.0 -> <4.0.0

---

Release Notes

dart-lang/sdk (dart)

v3.5.4

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v3.5.3

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• Fixes an issue with the DevTools Memory tool causing OOMs. and an
  issue resulting in a missing tab bar when DevTools is embedded in
  IntelliJ and Android Studio (issue#​56607).
• Fixes an issue with the DevTools release notes showing each time
  DevTools is opened instead of only the first time (issue#​56607).
• Fixes an issue resulting in a missing tab bar when DevTools is
  embedded in IntelliJ and Android Studio (issue#​56607).

v3.5.2

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• Fixes a bug where ZLibDecoder would incorrectly attempt to decompress data
  past the end of the zlib footer (issue #​56481).
• Fixes issue where running dart from PATH could result in some commands not
  working as expected (issues #​56080, #​56306, #​56499).
• Fixes analysis server plugins not receiving setContextRoots requests or
  being provided incorrect context roots in multi-package workspaces (issue
  #​56475).

v3.5.1

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• Fixes resolving include: in analysis_options.yaml file in a nested
  folder in the workspace (issue#​56464).
• Fixes source maps generated by dart compile wasm when optimizations are
  enabled (issue #​56423).
• Fixes a bug in the dart2wasm compiler in unsound -O3 / -O4 modes where a
  implicit setter for a field of generic type will store null instead of the
  field value (issue #​56374).
• Fixes a bug in the dart2wasm compiler that can trigger in certain situations
  when using partial instantiations of generic tear-offs (constructors or static
  methods) in constant expressions (issue #​56440).
• The algorithm for computing the standard upper bound of two types,
  also known is UP, is provided the missing implementation for
  StructuralParameterType objects. In some corner cases cases the
  lacking implementation resulted in a crash of the compiler (issue #​56457).

v3.5.0

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Language

• Breaking Change #​55418: The context used by the compiler to perform
  type inference on the operand of an await expression has been changed to
  match the behavior of the analyzer. This change is not expected to make any
  difference in practice.

• Breaking Change #​55436: The context used by the compiler to perform
  type inference on the right hand side of an "if-null" expression (e1 ?? e2)
  has been changed to match the behavior of the analyzer. change is expected to
  have low impact on real-world code. But in principle it could cause
  compile-time errors or changes in runtime behavior by changing inferred
  types. The old behavior can be restored by supplying explicit types.

Libraries

dart:core

• Breaking Change #​44876: DateTime on the web platform now stores
  microseconds. The web implementation is now practically compatible with the
  native implementation, where it is possible to round-trip a timestamp in
  microseconds through a DateTime value without rounding the lower
  digits. This change might be breaking for apps that rely in some way on the
  .microsecond component always being zero, for example, expecting only three
  fractional second digits in the toString() representation. Small
  discrepancies in arithmetic due to rounding of web integers may still occur
  for extreme values, (1) microsecondsSinceEpoch outside the safe range,
  corresponding to dates with a year outside of 1685..2255, and (2) arithmetic
  (add, subtract, difference) where the Duration argument or result
  exceeds 570 years.

dart:io

• Breaking Change #​55786: SecurityContext is now final. This means
  that SecurityContext can no longer be subclassed. SecurityContext
  subclasses were never able to interoperate with other parts of dart:io.

• A ConnectionTask can now be created using an existing Future<Socket>.
  Fixes #​55562.

dart:typed_data

• Breaking Change #​53785: The unmodifiable view classes for typed data
  have been removed. These classes were deprecated in Dart 3.4.

  To create an unmodifiable view of a typed-data object, use the
  asUnmodifiableView() methods added in Dart 3.3.

• Added superinterface TypedDataList to typed data lists, implementing both
  List and TypedData. Allows abstracting over all such lists without losing
  access to either the List or the TypedData members.
  A ByteData is still only a TypedData, not a list.

dart:js_interop

• Breaking Change #​55508: importModule now accepts a JSAny instead
  of a String to support other JS values as well, like TrustedScriptURLs.

• Breaking Change #​55267: isTruthy and not now return JSBoolean
  instead of bool to be consistent with the other operators.

• Breaking Change ExternalDartReference no longer implements Object.
  ExternalDartReference now accepts a type parameter T with a bound of
  Object? to capture the type of the Dart object that is externalized.
  ExternalDartReferenceToObject.toDartObject now returns a T.
  ExternalDartReferenceToObject and ObjectToExternalDartReference are now
  extensions on T and ExternalDartReference<T>, respectively, where T extends Object?. See #​55342 and #​55536 for more details.

• Fixed some consistency issues with Function.toJS across all compilers.
  Specifically, calling Function.toJS on the same function gives you a new JS
  function (see issue #​55515), the maximum number of arguments that are
  passed to the JS function is determined by the static type of the Dart
  function, and extra arguments are dropped when passed to the JS function in
  all compilers (see #​48186).

Tools

Analyzer

• Add the [unintended_html_in_doc_comment][unintended_html_in_doc_comment] lint rule.
• Add the [invalid_runtime_check_with_js_interop_types][invalid_runtime_check_with_js_interop_types] lint rule.
• Add the [document_ignores][document_ignores] lint rule.
• Add quick fixes for more than 70 diagnostics.
• The "Add missing switch cases" quick fix now adds multiple cases, such that
  the switch becomes exhaustive.
• The "Remove const" quick fix now adds const keywords to child nodes, where
  appropriate.

Pub

• New flag dart pub downgrade --tighten to restrict lower bounds of
  dependencies' constraints to the minimum that can be resolved.

Dart Runtime

• The Dart VM only executes sound null safe code, running of unsound null
  safe code using the option --no-sound-null-safety has been removed.

• Dart_NewListOf and Dart_IsLegacyType functions are
  removed from Dart C API.

• Dart_DefaultCanonicalizeUrl is removed from the Dart C API.

v3.4.4

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This is a patch release that:

• Fixes an issue where pub would crash when failing to fetch advisories from
  the server. (issue pub#4269).

• Fixes an issue where const bool.fromEnvironment('dart.library.ffi') is true
  and conditional import condition dart.library.ffi is true in dart2wasm.
  (issue #​55948).

• Fixes an issue where FFI calls with variadic arguments on MacOS Arm64
  would mangle the arguments. (issue #​55943).

v3.4.3

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This is a patch release that:

• Fixes an issue where DART_VM_OPTIONS were not correctly parsed for
  standalone Dart executables created with dart compile exe (issue
  #​55818).

• Fixes a bug in dart2wasm that can result in a runtime error that says
  array.new_fixed() has a constant larger than 10000 (issue #​55873).

• Adds support for --enable-experiment flag to dart compile wasm
  (issue #​55894).

• Fixes an issue in dart2wasm compiler that can result in incorrect
  nullability of type parameter (see #​55895).

• Disallows dart:ffi imports in user code in dart2wasm (e.g. issue
  [#​53910]) as dart2wasm's currently only supports a small subset of
  dart:ffi (issue #​55890).

v3.4.2

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This is a patch release that:

• Marks dart compile wasm as no longer experimental.

• Fixes two bugs in exception handling in async functions in dart2wasm
  (issues #​55347, #​55457).

• Fixes restoration of this variable in sync* and async functions in
  dart2wasm.

• Implements missing control flow constructs (exceptions, switch/case with
  yields) in sync* in dart2wasm (issues #​51342, #​51343).

• Fixes a bug dart2wasm compiler that surfaces as a compiler crash when indexing
  lists where the compiler proofs the list to be constant and the index is
  out-of-bounds (issue #​55817).

v3.4.1

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This is a patch release that:

• Fixes a bug in the CFE which could manifest as compilation errors of Flutter
  web apps when compiled with dart2wasm (issue #​55714).

• Fixes a bug in the pub client, such that dart run will not interfere with
  Flutter l10n (at least for most cases) (issue #​55758).

v3.4.0

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Language

Dart 3.4 makes improvements to the type analysis of conditional expressions
(e1 ? e2 : e3), if-null expressions (e1 ?? e2), if-null assignments
(e1 ??= e2), and switch expressions (switch (e) { p1 => e1, ... }). To take
advantage of these improvements, set your package's
SDK constraint lower bound to 3.4 or greater
(sdk: '^3.4.0').

• Breaking Change #​54640: The pattern context type schema for
  cast patterns has been changed from Object? to _ (the unknown
  type), to align with the specification. This change is not expected
  to make any difference in practice.

• Breaking Change #​54828: The type schema used by the compiler front end
  to perform type inference on the operand of a null-aware spread operator
  (...?) in map and set literals has been made nullable, to match what
  currently happens in list literals. This makes the compiler front end behavior
  consistent with that of the analyzer. This change is expected to be very low
  impact.

Libraries

dart:async

• Added option for ParallelWaitError to get some meta-information that
  it can expose in its toString, and the Iterable<Future>.wait and
  (Future,...,Future).wait extension methods now provide that information.
  Should make a ParallelWaitError easier to log.

dart:cli

• Breaking change [#​52121][]: waitFor is removed in 3.4.

dart:ffi

• Added Struct.create and Union.create to create struct and union views
  of the sequence of bytes stored in a subtype of TypedData.

dart:io

• Breaking change #​53863: Stdout has a new field lineTerminator,
  which allows developers to control the line ending used by stdout and
  stderr. Classes that implement Stdout must define the lineTerminator
  field. The default semantics of stdout and stderr are not changed.

• Deprecates FileSystemDeleteEvent.isDirectory, which always returns
  false.

dart:js_interop

• Fixes an issue with several comparison operators in JSAnyOperatorExtension
  that were declared to return JSBoolean but really returned bool. This led
  to runtime errors when trying to use the return values. The implementation now
  returns a JSBoolean to align with the interface. See issue #​55024 for
  more details.

• Added ExternalDartReference and related conversion functions
  toExternalReference and toDartObject. This is a faster alternative to
  JSBoxedDartObject, but with fewer safety guarantees and fewer
  interoperability capabilities. See #​55187 for more details.

• On dart2wasm, JSBoxedDartObject now is an actual JS object that wraps the
  opaque Dart value instead of only externalizing the value. Like the JS
  backends, you'll now get a more useful error when trying to use it in another
  Dart runtime.

• Added isA helper to make type checks easier with interop types. See
  #​54138 for more details.

dart:typed_data

• BREAKING CHANGE #​53218 #​53785: The unmodifiable view classes for
  typed data are deprecated.

  To create an unmodifiable view of a typed-data object, use the
  asUnmodifiableView() methods added in Dart 3.3:

  Uint8List data = ...;
  final readOnlyView = data.asUnmodifiableView();
  // readOnlyView has type Uint8List, and throws if attempted modified.

  The reason for this change is to allow more flexibility in the implementation
  of typed data, so the native and web platforms can use different strategies
  to ensure that typed data has good performance.

  The deprecated types will be removed in Dart 3.5.

Tools

Analyzer

• Improved code completion. Fixed over 50% of completion correctness bugs,
  tagged analyzer-completion-correctness in the issue
  tracker.

• Support for new annotations introduced in version 1.14.0 of the meta
  package.

  • Support for the [@doNotSubmit][@​doNotSubmit] annotation, noting that any usage of an
    annotated member should not be submitted to source control.

  • Support for the [@mustBeConst][@​mustBeConst] annotation, which indicates that an
    annotated parameter only accepts constant arguments.

Linter

• Added the [unnecessary_library_name][unnecessary_library_name] lint.
• Added the [missing_code_block_language_in_doc_comment][missing_code_block_language_in_doc_comment] lint.

Compilers

• The compilation environment will no longer pretend to contain entries with
  value "" for all dart.library.foo strings, where dart:foo is not an
  available library. Instead there will only be entries for the available
  libraries, like dart.library.core, where the value was, and still is,
  "true". This should have no effect on const bool.fromEnvironment(...) or
  const String.fromEnvironment(...) without a defaultValue argument, an
  argument which was always ignored previously. It changes the behavior of
  const bool.hasEnvironment(...) on such an input, away from always being
  true and therefore useless.

DevTools

• Updated DevTools to version 2.33.0 from 2.31.1.
  To learn more, check out the release notes for versions
  2.32.0 and 2.33.0.

Pub

• Dependency resolution and dart pub outdated will now surface if a dependency
  is affected by a security advisory, unless the advisory is listed under a
  ignored_advisories section in the pubspec.yaml file. To learn more about
  pub's support for security advisories, visit
  dart.dev/go/pub-security-advisories.

• path-dependencies inside git-dependencies are now resolved relative to the
  git repo.

• All dart pub commands can now be run from any subdirectory of a project. Pub
  will find the first parent directory with a pubspec.yaml and operate
  relative it.

• New command dart pub unpack that downloads a package from pub.dev and
  extracts it to a subfolder of the current directory.

  This can be useful for inspecting the code, or playing with examples.

Dart Runtime

• Dart VM flags and options can now be provided to any executable generated
  using dart compile exe via the DART_VM_OPTIONS environment variable.
  DART_VM_OPTIONS should be set to a list of comma-separated flags and options
  with no whitespace. Options that allow for multiple values to be provided as
  comma-separated values are not supported (e.g.,
  --timeline-streams=Dart,GC,Compiler).

  Example of a valid DART_VM_OPTIONS environment variable:

  DART_VM_OPTIONS=--random_seed=42,--verbose_gc

• Dart VM no longer supports external strings: Dart_IsExternalString,
  Dart_NewExternalLatin1String and Dart_NewExternalUTF16String functions are
  removed from Dart C API.

v3.3.4

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This is a patch release that:

• Fixes an issue with JS interop in dart2wasm where JS interop methods that used
  the enclosing library's @JS annotation were actually using the invocation's
  enclosing library's @JS annotation. (issue #​55430).

v3.3.3

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This is a patch release that:

• Fixes an issue where dart vm crashed when running on pre-SSE41 older CPUs on Windows (issue #​55211).

v3.3.2

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This is a patch release that:

• Fixes an issue in the CFE that placed some structural parameter references out
  of their context in the code restored from dill files, causing crashes in the
  incremental compiler whenever it restored a typedef from dill such that the
  typedef contained a generic function type on its right-hand side (issue
  #​55158).
• Fixes an issue in the CFE that prevented redirecting factories from being
  resolved in initializers of extension types (issue #​55194).
• Fixes an issues with VM's implementation of DateTime.timeZoneName
  on Windows, which was checking whether current date is in the summer or
  standard time rather than checking if the given moment is in the summer or
  standard time (issue #​55240).

v3.3.1

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This is a patch release that:

• Fixes an issue in dart2js where object literal constructors in interop
  extension types would fail to compile without an @JS annotation on the
  library (issue #​55057).
• Disallows certain types involving extension types from being used as the
  operand of an await expression, unless the extension type itself implements
  Future (issue #​55095).

v3.3.0

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Language

Dart 3.3 adds extension types to the language. To use them, set your
package's [SDK constraint][language version] lower bound to 3.3 or greater
(sdk: '^3.3.0').

Extension types

An extension type wraps an existing type with a different, static-only
interface. It works in a way which is in many ways similar to a class that
contains a single final instance variable holding the wrapped object, but
without the space and time overhead of an actual wrapper object.

Extension types are introduced by extension type declarations. Each
such declaration declares a new named type (not just a new name for the
same type). It declares a representation variable whose type is the
representation type. The effect of using an extension type is that the
representation (that is, the value of the representation variable) has
the members declared by the extension type rather than the members declared
by its "own" type (the representation type). Example:

extension type Meters(int value) {
  String get label => '${value}m';
  Meters operator +(Meters other) => Meters(value + other.value);
}

void main() {
  var m = Meters(42); // Has type `Meters`.
  var m2 = m + m; // OK, type `Meters`.
  // int i = m; // Compile-time error, wrong type.
  // m.isEven; // Compile-time error, no such member.
  assert(identical(m, m.value)); // Succeeds.
}

The declaration Meters is an extension type that has representation type
int. It introduces an implicit constructor Meters(int value); and a
getter int get value. m and m.value is the very same object, but m
has type Meters and m.value has type int. The point is that m
has the members of Meters and m.value has the members of int.

Extension types are entirely static, they do not exist at run time. If o
is the value of an expression whose static type is an extension type E
with representation type R, then o is just a normal object whose
run-time type is a subtype of R, exactly like the value of an expression
of type R. Also the run-time value of E is R (for example, E == R
is true). In short: At run time, an extension type is erased to the
corresponding representation type.

A method call on an expression of an extension type is resolved at
compile-time, based on the static type of the receiver, similar to how
extension method calls work. There is no virtual or dynamic dispatch. This,
combined with no memory overhead, means that extension types are zero-cost
wrappers around their representation value.

While there is thus no performance cost to using extension types, there is
a safety cost. Since extension types are erased at compile time, run-time
type tests on values that are statically typed as an extension type will
check the type of the representation object instead, and if the type check
looks like it tests for an extension type, like is Meters, it actually
checks for the representation type, that is, it works exactly like is int
at run time. Moreover, as mentioned above, if an extension type is used as
a type argument to a generic class or function, the type variable will be
bound to the representation type at run time. For example:

void main() {
  var meters = Meters(3);

  // At run time, `Meters` is just `int`.
  print(meters is int); // Prints "true".
  print(<Meters>[] is List<int>); // Prints "true".

  // An explicit cast is allowed and succeeds as well:
  List<Meters> meterList = <int>[1, 2, 3] as List<Meters>;
  print(meterList[1].label); // Prints "2m".
}

Extension types are useful when you are willing to sacrifice some run-time
encapsulation in order to avoid the overhead of wrapping values in
instances of wrapper classes, but still want to provide a different
interface than the wrapped object. An example of that is interop, where you
may have data that are not Dart objects to begin with (for example, raw
JavaScript objects when using JavaScript interop), and you may have large
collections of objects where it's not efficient to allocate an extra object
for each element.

Other changes

• Breaking Change #​54056: The rules for private field promotion have
  been changed so that an abstract getter is considered promotable if there are
  no conflicting declarations. There are no conflicting declarations if
  there are no non-final fields, external fields, concrete getters, or
  noSuchMethod forwarding getters with the same name in the same library.
  This makes the implementation more consistent and allows
  type promotion in a few rare scenarios where it wasn't previously allowed.
  It is unlikely, but this change could cause a breakage by changing
  an inferred type in a way that breaks later code. For example:

  class A {
    int? get _field;
  }
  class B extends A {
    final int? _field;
    B(this._field);
  }
  test(A a) {
    if (a._field != null) {
      var x = a._field; // Previously had type `int?`; now has type `int`
      ...
      x = null; // Previously allowed; now causes a compile-time error.
    }
  }

  Affected code can be fixed by adding an explicit type annotation.
  For example, in the above snippet, var x can be changed to int? x.

  It's also possible that some continuous integration configurations might fail
  if they have been configured to treat warnings as errors, because the expanded
  type promotion could lead to one of the following warnings:

  • unnecessary_non_null_assertion
  • unnecessary_cast
  • invalid_null_aware_operator

  These warnings can be addressed in the usual way, by removing the unnecessary
  operation in the first two cases, or changing ?. to . in the third case.

  To learn more about other rules surrounding type promotion,
  check out the guide on Fixing type promotion failures.

Libraries

dart:core

• String.fromCharCodes now allow start and end to be after the end of
  the Iterable argument, just like skip and take does on an Iterable.

dart:ffi

• In addition to functions, @Native can now be used on fields.
• Allow taking the address of native functions and fields via
  Native.addressOf.
• The elementAt pointer arithmetic extension methods on
  core Pointer types are now deprecated.
  Migrate to the new - and + operators instead.
• The experimental and deprecated @FfiNative annotation has been removed.
  Usages should be updated to use the @Native annotation.

dart:js_interop

• Breaking Change in the representation of JS types #​52687: JS types
  like JSAny were previously represented using a custom erasure of
  @staticInterop types that were compiler-specific. They are now represented
  as extension types where their representation types are compiler-specific.
  This means that user-defined @staticInterop types that implemented JSAny
  or JSObject can no longer do so and need to use
  JSObject.fromInteropObject. Going forward, it's recommended to use extension
  types to define interop APIs. Those extension types can still implement JS
  types.
• JSArray and JSPromise generics: JSArray and JSPromise are now generic
  types whose type parameter is a subtype of JSAny?. Conversions to and from
  these types are changed to account for the type parameters of the Dart or JS
  type, respectively.
• Breaking Change in names of extensions: Some dart:js_interop extension
  members are moved to different extensions on the same type or a supertype to
  better organize the API surface. See JSAnyUtilityExtension and
  JSAnyOperatorExtension for the new extensions. This shouldn't make a
  difference unless the extension names were explicitly used.
• Add importModule to allow users to dynamically import modules using the JS
  import() expression.

dart:js_interop_unsafe

• Add has helper to make hasProperty calls more concise.

dart:typed_data

• BREAKING CHANGE (https://github.com/dart-lang/sdk/issues/53218) The
  unmodifiable view classes for typed data are deprecated. Instead of using the
  constructors for these classes to create an unmodifiable view, e.g.

  Uint8List data = ...
  final readOnlyView = UnmodifiableUint8ListView(data);

  use the new asUnmodifiableView() methods:

  Uint8List data = ...
  final readOnlyView = data.asUnmodifiableView();

  The reason for this change is to allow more flexibility in the implementation
  of typed data so the native and web platforms can use different strategies
  for ensuring typed data has good performance.

  The deprecated types will be removed in a future Dart version.

dart:nativewrappers

• Breaking Change #​51896: The NativeWrapperClasses are marked base so
  that none of their subtypes can be implemented. Implementing subtypes can lead
  to crashes when passing such native wrapper to a native call, as it will try
  to unwrap a native field that doesn't exist.

Tools

Dart command line

• The dart create command now uses v3 of package:lints,
  including multiple new recommended lints by default.
  To learn more about the updated collection of lints,
  check out the package:lints 3.0.0 changelog entry.

DevTools

• Updated DevTools to version 2.31.1 from 2.28.1.
  To learn more, check out the release notes for versions
  2.29.0, 2.30.0,
  and 2.31.0.

Wasm compiler (dart2wasm)

• Breaking Change #​54004: dart:js_util, package:js, and dart:js
  are now disallowed from being imported when compiling with dart2wasm. Prefer
  using dart:js_interop and dart:js_interop_unsafe.

Development JavaScript compiler (DDC)

• Type arguments of package:js interop types are now printed as any instead
  of being omitted. This is simply a change to the textual representation of
  package js types that have type arguments. These type arguments are still
  completely ignored by the type system at runtime.

• Removed "implements <...>" text from the Chrome custom formatter display for
  Dart classes. This information provides little value and keeping it imposes an
  unnecessary maintenance cost.

Production JavaScript compiler (dart2js)

• Breaking Change #​54201:
  The Invocation that is passed to noSuchMethod will no longer have a
  minified memberName, even when dart2js is invoked with --minify.
  See #​54201 for more details.

Analyzer

• You can now suppress diagnostics in pubspec.yaml files by
  adding an # ignore: <diagnostic_id> comment.
• Invalid dart doc comment directives are now reported.
• The [flutter_style_todos][flutter_style_todos] lint now has a quick fix.

Linter

• Removed the iterable_contains_unrelated_type and
  list_remove_unrelated_type lints.
  Consider migrating to the expanded
  [collection_methods_unrelated_type][collection_methods_unrelated_type] lint.
• Removed various lints that are no longer necessary with sound null safety:
  • always_require_non_null_named_parameters
  • avoid_returning_null,
  • avoid_returning_null_for_future

v3.2.6

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v3.2.5

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v3.2.4

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v3.2.3

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This is a patch release that:

• Disallows final fields to be used in a constant context during analysis
  (issue #​54232).
• Upgrades Dart DevTools to version 2.28.4 (issue #​54213).
• Fixes new AOT snapshots in the SDK failing with SIGILL in ARM
  environments that don't support the integer division
  instructions or x86-64 environments that don't support
  SSE4.1 (issue #​54215).

v3.2.2

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This is a patch release that:

• Adjusts the nullablity computations in the implementation of the
  upper bound algorithm in the compiler frontend (issue #​53999).

• Fixes missing closure code completion entries for function parameters
  for LSP-based editors like VS Code (issue #​54112).

v3.2.1

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This is a patch release that:

• Fixes the left/mobile sidebar being empty on non-class pages
  in documentation generated with dart doc (issue #​54073).

• Fixes a JSON array parsing bug that causes a segmentation fault when
  flutter test is invoked with the --coverage flag
  (SDK issue #​54059, Flutter issue #​124145).

• Upgrades Dart DevTools to version 2.28.3 (issue #​54085).

v3.2.0

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Language

Dart 3.2 adds the following features. To use them, set your package's SDK
constraint lower bound to 3.2 or greater (sdk: '^3.2.0').

• Private field promotion: In most circumstances, the types of private final
  fields can now be promoted by null checks and is tests. For example:

  class Example {
    final int? _privateField;
    Example(this._privateField);
  
    f() {
      if (_privateField != null) {
        // _privateField has now been promoted; you can use it without
        // null checking it.
        int i = _privateField; // OK
      }
    }
  }
  
  // Private field promotions also work from outside of the class:
  f(Example x) {
    if (x._privateField != null) {
      int i = x._privateField; // OK
    }
  }

  To ensure soundness, a field is not eligible for field promotion in the
  following circumstances:

  • If it's not final (because a non-final field could be changed in between the
    test and the usage, invalidating the promotion).
  • If it's overridden elsewhere in the library by a concrete getter or a
    non-final field (because an access to an overridden field might resolve at
    runtime to the overriding getter or field).
  • If it's not private (because a non-private field might be overridden
    elsewhere in the program).
  • If it has the same name as a concrete getter or a non-final field in some
    other unrelated class in the library (because a class elsewhere in the
    program might extend one of the classes and implement the other, creating an
    override relationship between them).
  • If there is a concrete class C in the library whose interface contains a
    getter with the same name, but C does not have an implementation of that
    getter (such unimplemented getters aren't safe for field promotion, because
    they are implicitly forwarded to noSuchMethod, which might not return the
    same value each time it's called).

• Breaking Change #​53167: Use a more precise split point for refutable
  patterns. Previously, in an if-case statement, if flow analysis could prove
  that the scrutinee expression was guaranteed to throw an exception, it would
  sometimes fail to propagate type promotions implied by the pattern to the
  (dead) code that follows. This change makes the type promotion behavior of
  if-case statements consistent regardless of whether the scrutinee expression
  throws an exception.

  No live code is affected by this change, but there is a small chance that the
  change in types will cause a compile-time error to appear in some dead code in
  the user's project, where no compile-time error appeared previously.

Libraries

dart:async

• Added broadcast parameter to Stream.empty constructor.

dart:cli

• Breaking change #​52121:
  • waitFor is disabled by default and slated for removal in 3.4. Attempting
    to call this function will now throw an exception. Users that still depend
    on waitFor can enable it by passing --enable_deprecated_wait_for flag
    to the VM.

dart:convert

• Breaking change #​52801:
  • Changed return types of utf8.encode() and Utf8Codec.encode() from
    List<int> to Uint8List.

dart:developer

• Deprecated the Service.getIsolateID method.
• Added getIsolateId method to Service.
• Added getObjectId method to Service.

dart:ffi

• Added the NativeCallable.isolateLocal constructor. This creates
  NativeCallables with the same functionality as Pointer.fromFunction,
  except that NativeCallable accepts closures.
• Added the NativeCallable.keepIsolateAlive method, which determines whether
  the NativeCallable keeps the isolate that created it alive.
• All NativeCallable constructors can now accept closures. Previously
  NativeCallables had the same restrictions as Pointer.fromFunction, and
  could only create callbacks for static functions.
• Breaking change #​53311: NativeCallable.nativeFunction now throws an
  error if is called after the NativeCallable has already been closed. Calls
  to close after the first are now ignored.

dart:io

• Breaking change #​53005: The headers returned by
  HttpClientResponse.headers and HttpRequest.headers no longer include
  trailing whitespace in their values.

• Breaking change #​53227: Folded headers values returned by
  HttpClientResponse.headers and HttpRequest.headers now have a space
  inserted at the fold point.

dart:isolate

• Added Isolate.packageConfigSync and Isolate.resolvePackageUriSync APIs.

dart:js_interop

• Breaking Change on JSNumber.toDart and Object.toJS:
  JSNumber.toDart is removed in favor of toDartDouble and toDartInt to
  make the type explicit. Object.toJS is also removed in favor of
  Object.toJSBox. Previously, this function would allow Dart objects to flow
  into JS unwrapped on the JS backends. Now, there's an explicit wrapper that is
  added and unwrapped via JSBoxedDartObject.toDart. Similarly,
  JSExportedDartObject is renamed to JSBoxedDartObject and the extensions
  ObjectToJSExportedDartObject and JSExportedDartObjectToObject are renamed
  to ObjectToJSBoxedDartObject and JSBoxedDartObjectToObject in order to
  avoid confusion with @JSExport.
• Type parameters in external APIs:
  Type parameters must now be bound to a static interop type or one of the
  dart:js_interop types like JSNumber when used in an external API. This
  only affects dart:js_interop classes and not package:js or other forms of
  JS interop.
• Subtyping dart:js_interop types:
  @staticInterop types can subtype only JSObject and JSAny from the set of
  JS types in dart:js_interop. Subtyping other types from dart:js_interop
  would result in confusing type errors before, so this makes it a static error.
• Global context of dart:js_interop and @staticInterop APIs:
  Static interop APIs will now use the same global context as non-static interop
  instead of globalThis to avoid a greater migration. Static interop APIs,
  either through dart:js_interop or the @staticInterop annotation, have used
  JavaScript's globalThis as the global context. This is relevant to things
  like external top-level members or external constructors, as this is the root
  context we expect those members to reside in. Historically, this was not the
  case in dart2js and DDC. We used either self or DDC's global in non-static
  interop APIs with package:js. So, static interop APIs will now use one of
  those global contexts. Functionally, this should matter in only a very small
  number of cases, like when using older browser versions. dart:js_interop's
  globalJSObject is also renamed to globalContext and returns the global
  context used in the lowerings.
• Breaking Change on Types of dart:js_interop External APIs:
  External JS interop APIs when using dart:js_interop are restricted to a set
  of allowed types. Namely, this includes the primitive types like String, JS
  types from dart:js_interop, and other static interop types (either through
  @staticInterop or extension types).
• Breaking Change on dart:js_interop isNull and isUndefined:
  null and undefined can only be discerned in the JS backends. dart2wasm
  conflates the two values and treats them both as Dart null. Therefore, these
  two helper methods should not be used on dart2wasm and will throw to avoid
  potentially erroneous code.
• Breaking Change on dart:js_interop typeofEquals and instanceof:
  Both APIs now return a bool instead of a JSBoolean. typeofEquals also
  now takes in a String instead of a JSString.
• Breaking Change on dart:js_interop JSAny and JSObject:
  These types can only be implemented, and no longer extended, by user
  @staticInterop types.
• Breaking Change on dart:js_interop JSArray.withLength:
  This API now takes in an int instead of JSNumber.

Tools

Development JavaScript compiler (DDC)

• Applications compiled by DDC will no longer add members to the native
  JavaScript Object prototype.
• Breaking change for JS interop with Symbols and BigInts:
  JavaScript Symbols and BigInts are now associated with their own
  interceptor and should not be used with package:js classes. These types were
  being intercepted with the assumption that they are a subtype of JavaScript's
  Object, but this is incorrect. This lead to erroneous behavior when using
  these types as Dart Objects. See #​53106 for more details. Use
  dart:js_interop's JSSymbol and JSBigInt with extension types to interop
  with these types.

Production JavaScript compiler (dart2js)

• Breaking change for JS interop with Symbols and BigInts:
  JavaScript Symbols and BigInts are now associated with their own
  interceptor and should not be used with package:js classes. These types were
  being intercepted with the assumption that they are a subtype of JavaScript's
  Object, but this is incorrect. This lead to erroneous behavior when using
  these types as Dart Objects. See #​53106 for more details. Use
  dart:js_interop's JSSymbol and JSBigInt with extension types to interop
  with these types.

Dart command line

• The dart create command has a new cli template
  to quickly create Dart command-line applications
  with basic argument parsing capabilities.
  To learn more about using the template,
  run dart help create.

Dart format

• Always split enum declarations containing a line comment.
• Fix regression in splitting type annotations with library prefixes.
• Support --enable-experiment command-line option to enable language
  experiments.

DevTools

• Incorporated the 2.26.1, 2.27.0, and
  2.28.1 releases of DevTools.

Linter

• Added the experimental [annotate_redeclares][annotate_redeclares] lint.
• Marked the [use_build_context_synchronously][use_build_context_synchronously] lint as stable.

Pub

• New option dart pub upgrade --tighten which will update dependencies' lower
  bounds in pubspec.yaml to match the current version.
• The commands dart pub get/add/upgrade will now show if a dependency
  changed between direct, dev and transitive dependency.
• The command dart pub upgrade no longer shows unchanged dependencies.

v3.1.5

Compare Source

This is a patch release that:

• Fixes an issue affecting Dart compiled to JavaScript running in Node.js 21. A
  change in Node.js 21 affected the Dart Web compiler runtime. This patch
  release accommodates for those changes (issue #​53810).

v3.1.4

Compare Source

This is a patch release that:

• Fixes an issue in the Dart VM, users are not being able to see
  value of variables while debugging code (issue [#​53747]).

v3.1.3

Compare Source

This is a patch release that:

• Fixes a bug in dart2js which would cause the compiler to crash when using
  @staticInterop @anonymous factory constructors with type parameters (see
  issue #​53579 for more details).

• The standalone Dart VM now exports symbols only for the Dart_* embedding API
  functions, avoiding conflicts with other DSOs loaded into the same process,
  such as shared libraries loaded through dart:ffi, that may have different
  versions of the same symbols (issue [#​53503]).

• Fixes an issue with super slow access to variables while debugging.
  The fix avoids searching static functions in the imported libraries
  as references to members are fully resolved by the front-end. (issue
  #​53541)

v3.1.2

Compare Source

This is a patch release that:

• Fixes a bug in dart2js which crashed the compiler when a typed record pattern
  was used outside the scope of a function body, such as in a field initializer.
  For example final x = { for (var (int a,) in someList) a: a };
  (issue #​53449)

• Fixes an expedient issue of users seeing an unhandled
  exception pause in the debugger, please https://github.com/dart-lang/sdk/issues/53450es/53450 for more
  details.
  The fix uses try/catch in lookupAddresses instead of
  Future error so that we don't see an unhandled exception
  pause in the debugger (issue #​53450)

v3.1.1

Compare Source

This is a patch release that:

• Fixes a bug in the parser which prevented a record pattern from containing a
  nested record pattern, where the nested record pattern uses record
  destructuring shorthand syntax, for example final ((:a, :b), c) = record;
  (issue #​53352).

v3.1.0

Compare Source

Libraries

dart:async

• Breaking change #​52334:
  • Added the interface modifier to purely abstract classes:
    MultiStreamController, StreamConsumer, StreamIterator and
    StreamTransformer. As a result, these types can only be implemented,
    not extended or mixed in.

dart:core

• Uri.base on native platforms now respects IOOverrides overriding
  current directory (#​39796).

dart:ffi

• Added the NativeCallable class, which can be used to create callbacks that
  allow native code to call into Dart code from any thread. See
  NativeCallable.listener. In future releases, NativeCallable will be
  updated with more functionality, and will become the recommended way of
  creating native callbacks for all use cases, replacing Pointer.fromFunction.

dart:io

• Breaking change [#​51486][]:
  • Added sameSite to the Cookie class.
  • Added class SameSite.
• Breaking change [#​52027][]: FileSystemEvent is
  sealed. This means
  that FileSystemEvent cannot be extended or implemented.
• Added a deprecation warning when Platform is instantiated.
• Added Platform.lineTerminator which exposes

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