Python Template

Python Template is a Cookiecutter template for creating a python project. When used with Cookiecutter Python Template will create a fully working python "Hello world" project with unit tests, GitHub Actions, linting, PyPi distribution and sphinx documentation.

Authors: Tom Doel, Stephen Thompson, Matt Clarkson, Thomas Dowrick, Mian Ahmad, Miguel Xochicale

Python Template is part of the SciKit-Surgery software project, developed at the Wellcome EPSRC Centre for Interventional and Surgical Sciences, part of University College London (UCL).

Purpose

Python Template was developed by the Wellcome EPSRC Centre for Interventional and Surgical Sciences, to assist researchers in the development of small but well engineered software components. It has been widely used in the development of SciKit-Surgery, but can be used as a starting point for any Python project. The template supports and encourages well engineered software by helping researchers with standard software development tasks (Software Process).

How to deliver standard software development tasks

The table below lists standard development tasks and how the Python Template helps to deliver them. Paying heed to the following tasks at the earliest stage of development should support the creation of well defined, maintainable, well documented, and well tested code.

Task	What the Python Template Does
Requirements generation	The template creates the file doc/requirements.rst and populates it with some minimum requirements for all SciKit-Surgery projects. Instructions and relevant links are provided to encourage the researcher to add more requirements to the file to describe what the project does, both before and during development.
Software design	The Python Template provides a modular framework that integrates with the wider python ecosystem. Providing a highly modular environment enables the researcher to focus on algorithm development, testing and publication, with minimal consideration of the wider software design.
Managing source code versions and updates	Source code versioning and updates is handled by git. The Python Template supports several git repository providers,
Configuring projects for specific platforms	The Python language is cross platform. The Python Template takes advantage of the pip package manager to create modular projects that can be easily installed on multiple platforms.
Compilation and linking	By using the python environment, the Python Template avoids the need for compilation and linking.
Testing the code at run time	The Python Platform uses tox to automate tests (pytest), coverage analysis and linting (pylint) comes ready with appropriate unit tests to meet the minimum requirements (see first item). If using GitHub to host the code, cross platform continuous integration testing is set up by default. It is up to the researcher to write further tests as the code is developed.
Verifying the validity of output	The validity of output is performed as part of the unit testing.
Documenting the code	The Python Template provides a template for code documentation showing how to write in line documentation. Documentation can be automatically built using ReadTheDocs
Tracking and repairing bugs	Issue tracking is handled by default by the chosen git repository host.

Whilst every effort has been made to automate tasks where possible, it is up to the researcher consider software requirements, write documentation, and create unit tests. Templates for each of these tasks are provided, so after creating your project, please take a little time before you start coding to think about what you want your software to achieve, and write it down in the file doc/requirements.rst.

How to use

1. Install Cookiecutter package and other requirements using virtual environments (VE) in conda or mambaforce by replacing conda with mamba.

conda create -n ssptVE pip -c conda-forge
conda activate ssptVE
python -m pip install -e ".[dev]"

2. Test template using tox and pytest

conda activate ssptVE
tox

3. Run Cookiecutter with the URL of this template. Alternatively, you can run it in the same path of this repository if you are developing a new feature for this template.

cookiecutter https://github.com/SciKit-Surgery/PythonTemplate.git
cookiecutter .

4. Answer the questions to configure your template (press enter to choose defaults), for further details on available answers. See "List of parameters for cookiecutter" below.

5. Create a local git repository for your new project and commit the files.

cd MyNewProject
git init
python -m pip install -e ".[dev]"
git add .
git commit -m "Initial commit of My New Project"

Note: make sure you use "git add ." not "git add * " to pick up hidden files like .gitlab-ci.yml.

6. Create a new project on GitHub, making sure the URL matches what you set in step 3.

7. Add a remote in order to link your local repository to your GitHub repository and push the files across. NOTE: use the SSH form of the repository URL for SSH key authentication (so you don't have to enter a username and password).

git remote add origin [email protected]:GITHUB_USERNAME/MyNewProject.git
git push origin master

8. If using GitHub, and assuming your URLs are all correct, GitHub Actions should automatically run tests for your project.

9. You can verify your project has been set up correctly by installing and running tox.

cd MyNewProject
tox
tox -e lint
tox -e docs
cd ..

tox runs several different stages, including pytest for unit tests and pylint for check for PEP8 linting. These can also be run independently:

python -m pytest
pylint --rcfile=tests/pylintrc mynewproject

10. Install your package in editable mode and build your package

python -m pip install -e .
python -m build

10. Take a moment to write some software requirements, and populate the README file with a basic description of what you want to do, then start coding.

List of parameters for cookiecutter

project_name	Name of the project as it will appear in the documentation (can have spaces)
project_slug	Project name as used in the URL; by default project_name with spaces removed
pkg_name	The main python package name for your project. By default this is the project_slug converted into lower case. pkg_name should not contain dashes (-)
repository_server	The URL of the git server that will host your code. If you don't want to use any of the predefined options, choose any and modify the project_url later
full_name	Your full name, for authorship information, and to suggest your profile name
repository_profile_name	Your personal profile name on GitHub. Or you can enter a group name that will be used to construct the repository URL
repository_path	Choose whether you want your project under your personal profile path or in a shared location
repository_url	The full URL to your project will be constructed from the previous options, and is of the form repository_server/repository_path
open_source_license	Recommend BSD-3 for internal projects, Apache for external collaborations
copyright_holder	If you are a member of UCL you should accept the default text

For developers

1. Run Cookiecutter with the URL of this template.

cookiecutter .
cd MyNewProject
pip install -r requirements-dev.txt
tox
tox -e lint
tox -e docs
python -m pytest
pylint --rcfile=tests/pylintrc mynewproject
python -m pip install -e .
python -m build

Contributing

Please see the contributing guidelines.

Useful links

• pip
• python
• spinx
• git
• tox

Licensing and copyright

Copyright 2017 University College London. Python Template is released under the BSD-3 license. Please see the license file for details.

Acknowledgements

Supported by Wellcome and EPSRC.