DNCS-LAB

This repository contains the Vagrant files required to run the virtual lab environment used in the DNCS course.



        +-----------------------------------------------------+
        |                                     192.168.250.2/30|
        |                          192.168.250.1/30  ^        |enp0s3
     +--+--+                +------------+ ^         | +------------+
     |     |                |            | |         | |            |
     |     |          enp0s3|            | \ enp0s9  / |            |
     |     +----------------+  router-1  +-------------+  router-2  |
     |     |                |            |             |            |
     |     |                |            |             |            |
     |  M  |                +------------+             +------------+
     |  A  |                      |enp0s8               enp0s8|192.168.12.1/24
     |  N  |      192.168.110.1/24|enp0s8.9                   |
     |  A  |      192.168.10.1/23 |enp0s8.10            enp0s8|192.168.12.25/24
     |  G  |                      |                     +-----+----+
     |  E  |                      |enp0s8               |          |
     |  M  |            +---------------------+         |          |
     |  E  |      enp0s3|                     |         |  host-c  |
     |  N  +------------+       SWITCH        |         |          |
     |  T  |            |    9            10  |         |          |
     |     |            +---------------------+         +----------+
     |  V  |                 |enp0s9       |enp0s10           |enp0s3
     |  A  |                 |             |                  |
     |  G  |                 |             |                  |
     |  R  |192.168.110.81/24|<---enp0s8-->|192.168.10.55/23  |
     |  A  |          +----------+     +----------+           |
     |  N  |          |          |     |          |           |
     |  T  |    enp0s3|          |     |          |           |
     |     +----------+  host-a  |     |  host-b  |           |
     |     |          |          |     |          |           |
     |     |          |          |     |          |           |
     +--+--+          +----------+     +----------+           |
        | |                              |enp0s3              |[enp0s3(eth0)]
        | |                              |                    |[enp0s8(eth1)]
        | +------------------------------+                    |[enp0s9(eth2)]
        |                                                     |[enp0s10(eth3)]
        |                                                     |
        +-----------------------------------------------------+

Requirements

Python 3
10GB disk storage
2GB free RAM
Virtualbox
Vagrant (https://www.vagrantup.com)
Internet

How-to

Install Virtualbox and Vagrant
Clone this repository git clone https://github.com/dustnic/dncs-lab
You should be able to launch the lab from within the cloned repo folder.

cd dncs-lab
[~/dncs-lab] vagrant up

Once you launch the vagrant script, it may take a while for the entire topology to become available.

Verify the status of the 4 VMs

[dncs-lab]$ vagrant status                                                                                                                                                                
Current machine states:

router                    running (virtualbox)
switch                    running (virtualbox)
host-a                    running (virtualbox)
host-b                    running (virtualbox)

Once all the VMs are running verify you can log into all of them: vagrant ssh router vagrant ssh switch vagrant ssh host-a vagrant ssh host-b vagrant ssh host-c

Assignment

This section describes the assignment, its requirements and the tasks the student has to complete. The assignment consists in a simple piece of design work that students have to carry out to satisfy the requirements described below. The assignment deliverable consists of a Github repository containing:

the code necessary for the infrastructure to be replicated and instantiated
an updated README.md file where design decisions and experimental results are illustrated
an updated answers.yml file containing the details of

Design Requirements

Hosts 1-a and 1-b are in two subnets (Hosts-A and Hosts-B) that must be able to scale up to respectively 175 and 454 usable addresses
Host 2-c is in a subnet (Hub) that needs to accommodate up to 230 usable addresses
Host 2-c must run a docker image (dustnic82/nginx-test) which implements a web-server that must be reachable from Host-1-a and Host-1-b
No dynamic routing can be used
Routes must be as generic as possible
The lab setup must be portable and executed just by launching the vagrant up command

Tasks

Fork the Github repository: https://github.com/dustnic/dncs-lab
Clone the repository
Run the initiator script (dncs-init). The script generates a custom answers.yml file and updates the Readme.md file with specific details automatically generated by the script itself. This can be done just once in case the work is being carried out by a group of (<=2) engineers, using the name of the 'squad lead'.
Implement the design by integrating the necessary commands into the VM startup scripts (create more if necessary)
Modify the Vagrantfile (if necessary)
Document the design by expanding this readme file
Fill the answers.yml file where required (make sure that is committed and pushed to your repository)
Commit the changes and push to your own repository
Notify the examiner that work is complete specifying the Github repository, First Name, Last Name and Matriculation number. This needs to happen at least 7 days prior an exam registration date.

Notes and References

Design

IP subnettig

The network was splitted in 4 subnets:

-A: it contains host-a and enp0s8.9, the router-1 port. [Vlan based]

-B: it contains host-b and enp0s8.10, the router-1 port. [Vlan based]

-C: it contains host-c and enp0s8, the router-2 port.

-D: it contains enp0s9 port, the one shared by routers.

Ip address

This is my addresses:

Network	Ip/Network Mask
A	192.168.110.81/24
B	192.168.10.55/23
C	192.168.12.25/24
D	192.168.250.0/30

The available IPs are ((2^M)-2) (two are required for broadcast and network). 8 bits were reserved in network A, 16 bits in network B, 8 in network C and 2 in network D, obtaining this result:

Network	Available IPs
A	254
B	510
C	254
D	2

VLAN

The switch broadcast area of hosts a and b should be separated: VLAN can split the switch in two virtual switches and make it possible. The network interface of A and B became this:

IP	ENP0S	Device
192.168.110.1	enp0s8.9-enp0s8	`host-a`
192.168.10.1	enp0s8.10-enp0s8	`host-b`

Vagrant File

A Vagrant file conatining commands line in this format: [VirtualMachine].provision "shell", path: "[ItsFile.sh]" allowed me to auto-initialize all the virtual machines and their links via the script saved in [ItsFile.sh].

hostA.sh

1 export DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive
2 sudo su
3 apt-get update
4 apt-get install -y curl
5 apt-get install -y tcpdump
6 ip addr add 192.168.110.81/24 dev enp0s8
7 ip link set dev enp0s8 up
8 ip route add default via 192.168.110.1

hostB.sh

1 export DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive
2 sudo su
3 apt-get update
4 apt-get install -y curl
5 apt-get install -y tcpdump
6 ip addr add 192.168.10.55/23 dev enp0s8
7 ip link set dev enp0s8 up
8 ip route add default via 192.168.10.1

hostC.sh

1  export DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive
2  sudo su
3  apt-get update
4  apt-get install -y curl
5  apt-get install -y tcpdump
6  apt-get install -y apt-transport-https ca-certificates curl software-properties-common
7  curl -fsSL https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu/gpg | apt-key add -
8  add-apt-repository "deb [arch=amd64] https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu $(lsb_release -cs) stable"
9  apt-get update
10 apt-get install -y docker-ce
11 docker pull dustnic82/nginx-test:latest
12
13 ip addr add 192.168.12.25/24 dev enp0s8
14 ip link set dev enp0s8 up
15 ip route add default via 192.168.12.1
16 docker stop $(docker ps -a -q) #devo femare i container prima di eliminarli
17 docker rm  $(docker ps -a -q) #rimuove i container se già presenti
18
19 mkdir -p ~/usr/local/share/ca-certificates
20 echo "<html>
21 <head>
22   <title>My-docker</title>
23 </head>
24 <body>
25   <p>This page tests if the web server works.<p>
26 </body>
27 </html>" > ~/usr/local/share/ca-certificates/index.html
28 docker run --name My-docker -p 80:80 -v ~/usr/local/share/ca-certificates:/usr/share/nginx/html -d dustnic82/nginx-test:latest

switch.sh

1  export DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive
2  sudo su
3  apt-get update
4  apt-get install -y tcpdump
5  apt-get install -y openvswitch-common openvswitch-switch apt-transport-https ca-certificates curl software-properties-common
6  ovs-vsctl add-br switch
7  ovs-vsctl add-port switch enp0s8
8  ovs-vsctl add-port switch enp0s9 tag=9 #tag sottointerfaccia vlan
9  ovs-vsctl add-port switch enp0s10 tag=10
10 ip link set dev enp0s8 up
11 ip link set dev enp0s9 up
12 ip link set dev enp0s10 up

Router1.sh

1  export DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive
2  sudo su
3  apt-get update
4  apt-get install -y tcpdump
5  sysctl net.ipv4.ip_forward=1
6  ip addr add 192.168.250.1/30 dev enp0s9
7  ip link set dev enp0s8 up
8  ip link set dev enp0s9 up
9  ip link add link enp0s8 name enp0s8.9 type vlan id 9 #VLAN 
10 ip link add link enp0s8 name enp0s8.10 type vlan id 10
11 ip addr add 192.168.110.1/24 dev enp0s8.9
12 ip addr add 192.168.10.1/23 dev enp0s8.10
13 ip link set dev enp0s8.9 up
14 ip link set dev enp0s8.10 up
15 ip route add 192.168.12.0/24 via 192.168.250.2 #rotta per host-c tramite router-2

Router2.sh

1  export DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive
2  sudo su
3  apt-get update
4  apt-get install -y tcpdump
5  sysctl net.ipv4.ip_forward=1
6  ip link set dev enp0s8 up
7  ip link set dev enp0s9 up
8  ip addr add 192.168.250.2/30 dev enp0s9
9  ip addr add 192.168.12.1/24 dev enp0s8
10 ip route add 192.168.110.0/24 via 192.168.250.1 #rotta per gli host-a/b tramite router-1
11 ip route add 192.168.10.0/23 via 192.168.250.1

Testing

My repo's desing is here:

https://github.com/RemiChierchia/dncs-lab

In order to get the web-page, this command can be runned from hosts a and b:

   curl 192.168.12.25:80/index.html

Routing tables

The routing tables fot each VM are following:

IP routing table host-a

Destination	Gateway	Genmask
0.0.0.0	192.168.110.1	0.0.0.0
0.0.0.0	10.0.2.2	0.0.0.0
10.0.2.0	0.0.0.0	255.255.255.0
10.0.2.2	0.0.0.0	255.255.255.255
192.168.110.0	0.0.0.0	255.255.255.0

IP routing table host-b

Destination	Gateway	Genmask
0.0.0.0	192.168.10.1	0.0.0.0
0.0.0.0	10.0.2.2	0.0.0.0
10.0.2.0	0.0.0.0	255.255.255.0
10.0.2.2	0.0.0.0	255.255.255.255
192.168.10.0	0.0.0.0	255.255.254.0

IP routing table router-1

Destination	Gateway	Genmask
0.0.0.0	10.0.2.2	0.0.0.0
10.0.2.0	0.0.0.0	255.255.255.0
10.0.2.2	0.0.0.0	255.255.255.255
192.168.10.0	0.0.0.0	255.255.254.0
192.168.12.0	192.168.250.2	255.255.255.0
192.168.110.0	0.0.0.0	255.255.255.0
192.168.250.0	0.0.0.0	255.255.255.252

IP routing table router-2

Destination	Gateway	Genmask
0.0.0.0	10.0.2.2	0.0.0.0
10.0.2.0	0.0.0.0	255.255.255.0
10.0.2.2	0.0.0.0	255.255.255.255
192.168.10.0	192.168.250.1	255.255.254.0
192.168.12.0	0.0.0.0	255.255.255.0
192.168.110.0	192.168.250.1	255.255.255.0
192.168.250.0	0.0.0.0	255.255.255.252

IP routing table host-c

Destination	Gateway	Genmask
0.0.0.0	192.168.12.1	0.0.0.0
0.0.0.0	10.0.2.2	0.0.0.0
10.0.2.0	0.0.0.0	255.255.255.0
10.0.2.2	0.0.0.0	255.255.255.255
172.17.0.0	0.0.0.0	255.255.0.0
192.168.12.0	0.0.0.0	255.255.255.0

Where 172.17.0.0 is the destination of docker0 interface.

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DNCS-LAB

Requirements

How-to

Assignment

Design Requirements

Tasks

Notes and References

Design

IP subnettig

Ip address

VLAN

Vagrant File

Testing

Routing tables

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Name		Name	Last commit message	Last commit date
Latest commit History 28 Commits
.gitignore		.gitignore
README.md		README.md
Vagrantfile		Vagrantfile
answers-template.yml		answers-template.yml
answers.yml		answers.yml
dncs-init		dncs-init
hostA.sh		hostA.sh
hostB.sh		hostB.sh
hostC.sh		hostC.sh
router1.sh		router1.sh
router2.sh		router2.sh
switch.sh		switch.sh

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