-
Notifications
You must be signed in to change notification settings - Fork 7
Commit
This commit does not belong to any branch on this repository, and may belong to a fork outside of the repository.
Update Paraphase to include new genes (#3)
add new genes
- Loading branch information
1 parent
8c3319c
commit 075730f
Showing
57 changed files
with
16,005 additions
and
3,182 deletions.
There are no files selected for viewing
This file contains bidirectional Unicode text that may be interpreted or compiled differently than what appears below. To review, open the file in an editor that reveals hidden Unicode characters.
Learn more about bidirectional Unicode characters
| Original file line number | Diff line number | Diff line change |
|---|---|---|
| @@ -1,7 +1,22 @@ | ||
| # Paraphase: HiFi-based SMN1/SMN2 variant caller | ||
|
|
||
| SMN1, the gene that causes spinal muscular atrophy, is considered a 'dark' region of the genome due to high sequence similarity with its paralog SMN2. Paraphase is a Python tool that takes HiFi BAMs as input (whole-genome or enrichment), phases complete SMN1 and SMN2 haplotypes, determines copy numbers and makes phased variant calls for both genes. It also categorizes the haplotypes, enabling future haplotype-based screening of silent carriers (2+0). Please check out our paper for more details about the method and our population-wide haplotype analysis. | ||
|
|
||
| # Paraphase: HiFi-based caller for highly homologous genes | ||
|
|
||
| Many medically relevant genes fall into 'dark' regions where variat calling is limited due to high sequence homology with paralogs or pseudogenes. Paraphase is a Python tool that takes HiFi BAMs as input (whole-genome or enrichment), phases complete haplotypes for genes of the same family, determines copy numbers and makes phased variant calls. | ||
|
|
||
| Paraphase supports the following genes: | ||
| - SMN1/SMN2 (spinal muscular atrophy) | ||
| - RCCX module | ||
| - CYP21A2 (21-Hydroxylase-Deficient Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia) | ||
| - TNXB (Ehlers-Danlos syndrome) | ||
| - C4A/C4B (relevant in autoimmune diseases) | ||
| - PMS2 (Lynch Syndrome) | ||
| - STRC (hereditary hearing loss and deafness) | ||
| - IKBKG (Incontinentia Pigmenti) | ||
| - NCF1 (chronic granulomatous disease; Williams syndrome) | ||
| - NEB (Nemaline myopathy) | ||
| - F8 (intron 22 inversion, Hemophilia A) | ||
| - CFC1 (heterotaxy syndrome) | ||
|
|
||
| Please check out our paper on its application to the gene SMN1 for more details about Paraphase. | ||
| Chen X, Harting J, Farrow E, et al. Comprehensive SMN1 and SMN2 profiling for spinal muscular atrophy analysis using long-read PacBio HiFi sequencing. The American Journal of Human Genetics. 2023;0(0). doi:10.1016/j.ajhg.2023.01.001 | ||
|
|
||
| For whole-genome sequencing (WGS) data, we recommend >20X, ideally 30X, genome coverage. Low coverage or short read length could result in less accurate phasing, especially when haplotypes are highly similar to each other in Exons 1-6. For hybrid capture-based enrichment data, a higher read depth (>50X) is recommended as the read length is generally shorter than WGS. | ||
|
|
@@ -10,7 +25,7 @@ Currently Paraphase only works on GRCh38. Support for GRCh37 will be adde in the | |
|
|
||
| ## Contact | ||
|
|
||
| If you need assistance or have suggestions, please don't hesitate to reach out by email or open a GitHub issue. | ||
| There is a need for building consensus on how to report variants in segmental duplication regions, which could be complicated due to the frequent presence of copy number changes. If you have suggestions or need assistance, please don't hesitate to reach out by email or open a GitHub issue. | ||
|
|
||
| Xiao Chen: [email protected] | ||
|
|
||
|
|
@@ -47,39 +62,68 @@ paraphase -l list.txt -o output_directory | |
| ``` | ||
|
|
||
| Required parameters: | ||
| - `-b`: Input BAM file or `-l`: List of BAM files (one per line) | ||
| - `-b`: Input BAM file or `-l`: text file listing BAM files one per line | ||
| - `-o`: Output directory | ||
|
|
||
| Optional parameters: | ||
| - `-v`: If specified, Paraphase will produce VCFs for each haplotype. | ||
| - `-c`: Config file, default config file is `paraphase/data/smn1/config.yaml`. | ||
| - `-g`: Gene(s) to analyze. All supported genes will be analyzed if not specified. | ||
| - `-t`: Number of threads, used when `-l` is specified. | ||
| - `-d`: File listing average genome depth per sample, with two columns, sample ID and depth values, separated by tab or space. This saves run time by skipping the step to calculate genome depth. | ||
| - `--samtools` | ||
| - `--minimap2` | ||
|
|
||
| The paths to samtools and minimap2 can be provided through the `--samtools` and `--minimap2` parameters or by modifying the `tools` section of the [config](paraphase/data/smn1/config.yaml) file. | ||
| - `--novcf`: no vcf output if specified. | ||
| - `--samtools`: path to samtools | ||
| - `--minimap2`: path to minimap2 | ||
|
|
||
| Note that currently only GRCh38 is supported. We will support GRCh37 in the future if there is request. | ||
| The paths to samtools and minimap2 can be provided through the `--samtools` and `--minimap2` parameters. | ||
|
|
||
| ## Interpreting the output | ||
|
|
||
| Paraphase produces a few output files in the directory specified by `-o`, with the sample ID as the prefix. | ||
| - `_realigned_tagged.bam`: This BAM file can be loaded into IGV for visualization of haplotypes, see [haplotype visualization](docs/visualization.md). | ||
| - If `-v` is specified, Paraphase will generate VCF files. A VCF file is written for each haplotype, and there is also a `_variants.vcf` file containing merged variants from all haplotypes. | ||
| - `.json`: Main output file, summerizes haplotypes and variant calls for each sample. Details of the fields are explained below: | ||
| - `smn1_cn`: copy number of SMN1, a `null` call indicates that Paraphase finds only one haplotype but depth does not unambiguously support a copy number of one or two. | ||
| - `smn2_cn`: copy number of SMN2, a `null` call indicates that Paraphase finds only one haplotype but depth does not unambiguously support a copy number of one or two. | ||
| - `smn2_del78_cn`: copy number of SMN2Δ7–8 (SMN2 with a deletion of Exon7-8) | ||
| - `smn1_read_number`: number of reads containing c.840C | ||
| - `smn2_read_number`: number of reads containing c.840T | ||
| - `smn2_del78_read_number`: number of reads containing the known deletion of Exon7-8 on SMN2 | ||
| - `smn1_haplotypes`: phased SMN1 haplotypes | ||
| - `smn2_haplotypes`: phased SMN2 haplotypes | ||
| - `smn2_del78_haplotypes`: phased SMN2Δ7–8 haplotypes | ||
| - `two_copy_haplotypes`: haplotypes that are present in two copies based on depth. This happens when (in a small number of cases) two haplotypes are identical and we infer that there exist two of them instead of one by checking the read depth. | ||
| - `haplotype_details`: lists information about each haplotype | ||
| - `variants`: The variants contained in the haplotype, excluding those in homopolymer regions. For a complete set of variant calls, please use the `-v` option. | ||
| - `boundary`: The boundary of the region that is resolved on the haplotype. This is useful when a haplotype is only partially phased. | ||
| - `haplogroup`: The haplogroup that the haplotype is assigned to | ||
| - `.vcf`: A VCF file is written for each haplotype, and there is also a `_variants.vcf` file containing merged variants from all haplotypes. | ||
| - `.json`: Main output file, summerizes haplotypes and variant calls for each sample. Details of the fields are explained below for each gene. | ||
|
|
||
| ### SMN1 | ||
|
|
||
| - `smn1_cn`: copy number of SMN1, a `null` call indicates that Paraphase finds only one haplotype but depth does not unambiguously support a copy number of one or two. | ||
| - `smn2_cn`: copy number of SMN2, a `null` call indicates that Paraphase finds only one haplotype but depth does not unambiguously support a copy number of one or two. | ||
| - `smn2_del78_cn`: copy number of SMN2Δ7–8 (SMN2 with a deletion of Exon7-8) | ||
| - `smn1_read_number`: number of reads containing c.840C | ||
| - `smn2_read_number`: number of reads containing c.840T | ||
| - `smn2_del78_read_number`: number of reads containing the known deletion of Exon7-8 on SMN2 | ||
| - `smn1_haplotypes`: phased SMN1 haplotypes | ||
| - `smn2_haplotypes`: phased SMN2 haplotypes | ||
| - `smn2_del78_haplotypes`: phased SMN2Δ7–8 haplotypes | ||
| - `two_copy_haplotypes`: haplotypes that are present in two copies based on depth. This happens when (in a small number of cases) two haplotypes are identical and we infer that there exist two of them instead of one by checking the read depth. | ||
| - `haplotype_details`: lists information about each haplotype | ||
| - `variants`: The variants contained in the haplotype, excluding those in homopolymer regions. | ||
| - `boundary`: The boundary of the region that is resolved on the haplotype. This is useful when a haplotype is only partially phased. | ||
| - `haplogroup`: The haplogroup that the haplotype is assigned to | ||
|
|
||
| ### RCCX, PMS2, NCF1, CFC1, STRC, IKBKG, NEB & F8 | ||
|
|
||
| - `total_cn`: total copy number of the family (sum of gene and paralog/pseudogene) | ||
| - `gene_cn`: copy number of the gene of interest, when the gene and pseudogene can be easily distinguished with known sequence differences, as in PMS2/NCF1/STRC/IKBKG | ||
| - `final_haplotypes`: phased haplotypes | ||
| - `two_copy_haplotypes`: haplotypes that are present in two copies based on depth. This happens when (in a small number of cases) two haplotypes are identical and we infer that there exist two of them instead of one by checking the read depth. | ||
|
|
||
| Multiple copies of the repeat are phased inito alleles with read-based phasing in the case of RCCX/IKBKG/NEB. Additional output entries include: | ||
| - `alleles_final`: haplotypes phased into alleles | ||
|
|
||
| ### RCCX | ||
|
|
||
| More info fields on phasing haplotypes into alleles and annotation of CYP21A2: | ||
| - `annotated_alleles`: allele annotation for the CYP21A2 gene. This is only based on common gene-pseudogene (CYP21A2-CYP21A1P) conversions (P31L, IVS2-13A/C>G, G111Vfs, I173N, I237N, V238E, M240K, V282L, Q319X and R357W). Please refer to the vcfs for most thorough variant calling and annotation. | ||
| - `ending_hap`: the last copy of RCCX on each allele. Only these copies contain parts of TNXB (while the other copies contain TNXA) | ||
|
|
||
| ### IKBKG | ||
|
|
||
| - `deletion_haplotypes`: haplotypes carrying the 11.8kb deletion | ||
|
|
||
| ### F8 | ||
|
|
||
| Additional output is included to report SVs that occur between the repeat regions: | ||
| - `sv_called`: reports deletions/duplications between int22h-1 and int22h-2, or inversions between int22h-1 and int22h-3 | ||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
This file contains bidirectional Unicode text that may be interpreted or compiled differently than what appears below. To review, open the file in an editor that reveals hidden Unicode characters.
Learn more about bidirectional Unicode characters
| Original file line number | Diff line number | Diff line change |
|---|---|---|
| @@ -0,0 +1,20 @@ | ||
| gene: cfc1 | ||
|
|
||
| # data files | ||
| data: | ||
| reference: ref.fa | ||
| homopolymer: homopolymer_sites.txt | ||
|
|
||
| # coordinates | ||
| coordinates: | ||
| hg38: | ||
| nchr: "chr2" | ||
| nchr_old: "chr2_130587000_130610000" | ||
| nchr_length: 242193529 | ||
| extract_region1: "chr2:130587000-130610000" | ||
| extract_region2: "chr2:130510753-130533741" | ||
|
|
||
| pivot_site: 130593061 | ||
|
|
||
| left_boundary: 130587000 | ||
| right_boundary: 130610000 |
Oops, something went wrong.