Draft ethics chapter (#13)

* Download ethics checklist

* Change checklist columns

* Fill in checklist

* Add introduction to ethics

* Structure ethics chapter

* Add paragraph on energy consumption

* Write about using someone else's idea

* Add comments on data sources

* Add todo to consider talking about distribution

* Fix spelling issues

report/ethics/ethicalissues.tex

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 \chapter{Ethical issues} % 1-2 pages
 \begin{comment}
 What are the wider ethical, legal, professional and societal issues surrounding your project and the accompanying research? You should use the ethics checklist as the basis for this discussion. 
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+\end{comment}
+The project itself (in its early stages) does not have a novel ideal as a useable output and thus is very neutral in its ethical impact. Instead it has the ability to recommend or withhold recommendation of an earlier approach to database optimisations via implementation and benchmarking results, and in its final stages may recommend further optimisations and so the more interesting ethical discussion is around the ethics of database optimisations.
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+Databases are a necessity for most modern applications. Furthermore, database optimisations are especially important for large, scaling products or services. This means that improving this area of computer science has a very indiscriminate effect on the type of software products that can make use of it. Of course, just as any private company could make use of the newer more efficient techniques, any military hosting a database could too. It is also worth noting the implementation is in a functional programming language, a rising paradigm \todo{cite} typically associated with reliability \todo{add another quality} \todo{Add citation for this} which aligns very well with the real-time and safety critical nature of military applications. \todo{cite that these are important for military applications}
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+In fact, it could be argued that any findings could benefit society at large in an environmental standpoint. The heart of the project is in database optimisations, which in turn reduce the amount of time required to process queries. \todo{research this} One could extrapolate, that without much of an increased processing complexity and resource consumption, this would lead to a reduction in the energy required for these database queries. Given how commonplace database queries are \todo{find stats} this could have a non-trivial impact.
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+It is worth noting that the early stages of the project involves implementing the ideas created in \cite{RelationalAlgebraByWayOfAdjunctions}. This causes no legal issues as there is no protection on an idea, lacking the tangibility (and ability to be patented) \todo{See exact laws}. On an ethical level, despite implementations, improvements and building on work is commonplace, encouraged and vital to the academic community, one of the main contributors of the paper is my supervisor and I interpret this as implicit consent. With good referencing practice, plagiarism would also be completely avoided.
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+There is an interesting discussion to be had on the ethical impact of the benchmarking dataset to be used in the early stages of the project. In order to evaluate the suggestions in \cite{RelationalAlgebraByWayOfAdjunctions} a database system will need to be implemented, but more consequentially one or more data sources will need to be used to evaluate the queries. I do not think that creating a novel data source will be very useful or worthwhile so I will need to acquire at least one somehow, raising at least two issues.
+\subparagraph*{Data protection} The immediate issue that springs to mind would be whether the data source contains personal data and if so the subsequent data protection methods required to fulfil my legal and ethical obligation. To avoid this issue for primary data sources, I will not collect data when creating a benchmarking database, instead opting to randomly generate records. For data sources I acquire, they will all be in public domain already, and avoid sensitive personal data. This should minimise the risk to individuals affected. \todo{See if this is enough} \todo{Cite data protection laws}
+\subparagraph*{Database rights} Another consideration when outsourcing database collections, is the extent to which those who have created the database are protected. The creation of a database, although not creative, has been recognised as taking significant work and so those that create the database have a form of copyright protection on their work. \todo{Make sure that this is accurate, cite if so} This risk will be mitigated by ensuring that all databases used are in the public domain and the correct licenses are acquired.
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+\todo{Potentially comment on the distribution of my implementation}