Add definitions for factory builder terms (#166)

* Add definitions for first factory builder terms

* Typo fix

* Add additional factory builder term definitions

* Add missing definitions for factory builder terms

* Improve phrasing for factory builder definitions

Co-authored-by: Alice Cecile <[email protected]>

Co-authored-by: Alice Cecile <[email protected]>

design/src/glossary.md

@@ -3,6 +3,8 @@
 These definitions are intended to be relatively brief and opinionated.
 They are not authoritative!
 
+<!-- Please try to keep the terms sorted alphabetically. -->
+
 ## Game Design
 
 Key concepts and terms from game design.
@@ -39,36 +41,178 @@ Terms defined here are standard elements of the factory builder genre.
 
 ### Belt
 
+A belt is a simple logistic entity which transports goods in a single direction.
+Multiple belts need to be chained together to provide effective transportation.
+Belts usually have a maximum amount of goods they can transport per unit of time.
+They can transport any type of solid goods and different goods can be mixed.
+
+Notably, in Factorio, belts have two "sides", where each side can contain different types of items.
+The direction from which items are loaded onto the belts influence which side of the belt the items are put on.
+
+**Examples**:
+
+- [Factorio: Transport belt](https://wiki.factorio.com/Transport_belt)
+- [Satisfactory: Conveyor belt](https://satisfactory.fandom.com/wiki/Conveyor_Belt)
+- [Dyson Sphere Program: Conveyor belt](https://dyson-sphere-program.fandom.com/wiki/Conveyor_Belt)
+
 ### Bot
 
+Bots are units which can automate specific player actions.
+They often require a lot more upfront investments than machines, but are a lot more flexible.
+Compared to machines, bots can move around freely.
+Some actions can only be automated through bots, e.g. constructing new entities.
+
+**Examples**:
+
+- [Factorio: Construction robot](https://wiki.factorio.com/Construction_robot)
+- [Factorio: Logistic robot](https://wiki.factorio.com/Logistic_robot)
+
 ### Blueprint
 
+Blueprints are placeholders for multiple entities to be constructed.
+Entity settings (e.g. recipes or other configurations) are preserved in the blueprint.
+They can serve as a planning tool for the player, but also be used as instructions for bots.
+Often, blueprints can be shared between players and/or be reused during the game.
+
+**Examples**:
+
+- [Factorio: Blueprint](https://wiki.factorio.com/Blueprint)
+- [Factorio: Ghost](https://wiki.factorio.com/Ghost)
+- [Satisfactory: Blueprint designer](https://satisfactory.fandom.com/wiki/Blueprint_Designer)
+
 ### Clipboard
 
+Similar to blueprints, the clipboard allows the quick reuse of factory layouts.
+A set of entities can be marked to be copied and then pasted at a different position at a later time.
+Usually, the entities are not built directly, but only pasted as placeholders.
+
+In contrast to blueprints, players can usually only have one layout in the clipboard.
+Previously copied layouts are simply overwritten.
+
+**Examples**:
+
+- [Factorio: Controls/Tools](https://wiki.factorio.com/Controls#Tools) (copy/paste/cut)
+- [Dyson Sphere Program: Mass Construction (Lv1)](<https://dyson-sphere-program.fandom.com/wiki/Mass_Construction_(Lv1)>) (enables copy/paste functionality)
+
 ### Filter
 
+Filters allow only one set of goods to pass through.
+Can be combined with _Inserters_ to only transfer one set of goods
+or with _Splitters_ to split one set of goods to one side and all other goods to the other side.
+
+**Examples**:
+
+- [Factorio: Filter inserter](https://wiki.factorio.com/Filter_inserter)
+- [Factorio: Splitter](https://wiki.factorio.com/Splitter) (provides filter functionality)
+- [Satisfactory: Smart splitter](https://satisfactory.fandom.com/wiki/Smart_Splitter) (provides filter functionality)
+- [Dyson Sphere Program: Sorter](https://dyson-sphere-program.fandom.com/wiki/Sorter) (provides filter functionality)
+
 ### Inserter
 
+Inserters transfer goods from one entity to another.
+Often, inserters are required to insert goods into machines.
+Inserters are usually available with different ranges, either as separate entities or as configuration option.
+
+- [Factorio: Inserters](https://wiki.factorio.com/Inserters)
+- [Dyson Sphere Program: Sorter](https://dyson-sphere-program.fandom.com/wiki/Sorter) (provides inserter functionality)
+
 ### Lab
 
+A machine to research new technologies, unlocking new machines and other gameplay features.
+Usually uses _science packs_ as input.
+
+- [Factorio: Lab](https://wiki.factorio.com/Lab)
+- [Satisfactory: HUB terminal](https://satisfactory.fandom.com/wiki/The_HUB#HUB_Terminal)
+- [Dyson Sphere Program: Matrix Lab](https://dyson-sphere-program.fandom.com/wiki/Matrix_Lab)
+
 ### Logistic network
 
+A network of connected logistic elements that can interact with each other.
+It's composed of _producers_, who provide resources to the network, _consumers_, who take resources out of the network and use them, and the connection between them.
+A single entity might be both a producer and a consumer.
+In the same game there may be different separated sets of logistic networks.
+The consumers in the network (e.g. logistic bots) can access the producers in the network (e.g. logistic chests), but not outside of it.
+
+**Examples**:
+
+- [Factorio: Logistic network](https://wiki.factorio.com/Logistic_network)
+
 ### Overlay
 
+Overlays are UI elements which allow the player to view additional information about entities or processes.
+They help convey information that is not easily visible by the in-game graphics alone.
+The player can switch between different overlays to access different types of information or disable them entirely.
+
+**Examples**:
+
+- Factorio: "Alt mode"
+- [Oxygen Not Included: Overlays](https://oxygennotincluded.fandom.com/wiki/Overlays)
+
 ### Pipette
 
+The pipette is a tool to select an entity and/or its configuration directly from the screen.
+It works similarly to copy/paste functionality with the _clipboard_, but for a singular entity.
+This is usually a UI tool instead of a physical tool to build in the game.
+
 ### Power
 
+Power is a special type of resource that is required for machines to run.
+Power needs to be produced and then distributed to the machines.
+Often, there are different means of production (e.g. steam power, solar power, nuclear power) with different upfront costs and production rates.
+The distribution of power is usually separated from the distribution of other resources
+(e.g. through an electric network).
+
+- [Factorio: Electric system](https://wiki.factorio.com/Electric_system)
+- [Satisfactory: Power](https://satisfactory.fandom.com/wiki/Power)
+- [Dyson Sphere Program: Power](https://dyson-sphere-program.fandom.com/wiki/Category:Power)
+
 ### Research
 
+Research is the main means of progression.
+Researching new technologies unlocks more machines, enables more advanced processes or improves existing features.
+Research is usually very expensive to pace the game.
+
+**Examples**:
+
+- [Factorio: Research](https://wiki.factorio.com/Research)
+- [Satisfactory: Milestones](https://satisfactory.fandom.com/wiki/Milestones)
+- [Dyson Sphere Program: Research](https://dyson-sphere-program.fandom.com/wiki/Research)
+
 ### Resource
 
-### Train
+An item that can be processed further to produce different items.
 
-### Research
+There are different types of resources:
+
+- **Raw resource**: A foundational resource that can be extracted directly from the environment.
+- **Intermediate resource**: A resource that cannot be extracted nor used directly.
+  It's an intermediate set towards the production of end products.
+- **End product**: A resource that can be used directly for some in-game benefit.
 
 ### Science pack
 
+An intermediate resource that can be used to research technologies in the _lab_.
+Often, many science packs are required to unlock one technology.
+Sometimes, science packs are available in different types with different recipes,
+different technologies require different science pack types to be unlocked.
+
+**Examples**:
+
+- [Factorio: Science pack](https://wiki.factorio.com/Science_pack)
+- [Dyson Sphere Program: Science matrices](https://dyson-sphere-program.fandom.com/wiki/Category:Science_Matrices)
+
+### Train
+
+An entity to efficiently move big amounts of resources over large distances.
+Usually require a much higher upfront investment than _belts_, but are better suited for long distances.
+They are high latency, and move goods in clumped bursts.
+In some games there are also many other entities to guide the behavior of large train networks.
+
+**Examples**:
+
+- [Factorio: Railway](https://wiki.factorio.com/Railway)
+- [Satisfactory: Electric Locomotive](https://satisfactory.fandom.com/wiki/Electric_Locomotive)
+
 ## Ecology
 
 These terms come from the science of ecology and its related fields.
@@ -87,5 +231,5 @@ These terms come from the science of ecology and its related fields.
 
 ## Emergence
 
-These terms are specific to the game design of *Emergence*.
+These terms are specific to the game design of _Emergence_.
 Even if they have an external meaning, when used in this book, they will reflect this meaning.