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# Nix Setup Guide | ||
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Here you will find instructions on how to install and configure [nix package manager](https://nixos.wiki/wiki/Nix_package_manager) to work with | ||
projects. | ||
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## Installing / Upgrading | ||
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If you don't have nix installed, follow the instructions on the | ||
[official website](https://nixos.org/download), or simply use one of following | ||
commands in a terminal: | ||
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- For multi-user installation (i.e., system-wide setup, **recommended**) | ||
```bash | ||
sh <(curl -L https://nixos.org/nix/install) --daemon | ||
``` | ||
- For single-user installation (i.e., local setup) | ||
```bash | ||
sh <(curl -L https://nixos.org/nix/install) --no-daemon | ||
``` | ||
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We use nix `flakes` which require nix version `>= 2.4`, therefore if you already | ||
have nix installed, make sure to | ||
[upgrade](https://nixos.org/manual/nix/stable/installation/upgrading) to a | ||
recent version. | ||
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## Becoming a Truster User | ||
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If you are on NixOS or have installed nix in multi-user mode, you **must** be | ||
a [trusted user](https://nixos.org/nix/manual/#ssec-multi-user), which is | ||
necessary to enable access to our binary cache. | ||
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On non-NixOS systems, append the following line to the system-wide configuration | ||
`/etc/nix/nix.conf`: | ||
```txt | ||
trusted-users = USER root | ||
``` | ||
**Where `USER` is the result of running `whoami` in a terminal.** | ||
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You can also use a group name by prefixing it with `@`. For instance, to add all | ||
members of the `wheel` group: | ||
```txt | ||
trusted-users = @wheel root | ||
``` | ||
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On NixOS, add the user/group name to the list under | ||
[`nix.settings.trusted-users`](https://search.nixos.org/options?show=nix.settings.trusted-users). | ||
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## Setting Up for Flakes | ||
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We use [Nix flakes](https://nixos.wiki/wiki/Flakes). To configure for flakes, follow the instruction on the [Nixos Wiki](https://nixos.wiki/wiki/Flakes) or simply do one of the following depending on your system: | ||
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- On non-NixOS systems, edit one of the following two files (create them if they don't exist): | ||
- `/etc/nix/nix.conf` for system-wide settings on a multi-user installation | ||
- `~/.config/nix/nix.conf` for user-wide settings on a single-user installation | ||
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By appending the following lines: | ||
```txt | ||
experimental-features = nix-command flakes | ||
``` | ||
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On NixOS systems, set the following NixOS options: | ||
```nix | ||
nix.settings.experimental-features = [ "nix-command" "flakes" ]; | ||
``` | ||
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## Notes for Apple Users | ||
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Apple Silicon users can run any Intel binary out-of-the-box thanks to Rosetta | ||
emulation, but when working with nix flakes, the `aarch64-darwin` system will be | ||
selected by default. | ||
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However, some projects at cannot be built natively on `aarch64-darwin`. | ||
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Therefore you must specify the `--system` explicitly to target `x86_64-darwin`. | ||
```bash | ||
nix (develop|build|run|check) --system x86_64-darwin # Will use the x86_64-darwin derivation | ||
nix (develop|build|run|check) # Will use the aarch64-darwin derivation, if available | ||
``` | ||
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To enable this, you must append the following lines to your `/etc/nix/nix.conf` | ||
or `~/.config/nix/nix.conf`: | ||
```txt | ||
extra-platforms = x86_64-darwin aarch64-darwin | ||
extra-sandbox-paths = /System/Library/Frameworks /System/Library/PrivateFrameworks /usr/lib /private/tmp /private/var/tmp /usr/bin/env | ||
``` | ||
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You may need to reload the nix daemon for changes to take effect: | ||
```bash | ||
sudo launchctl stop org.nixos.nix-daemon | ||
sudo launchctl start org.nixos.nix-daemon | ||
``` | ||
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## Development Shell and VSCode | ||
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Now that you have nix installed and configured, you may enter the development | ||
shell: | ||
``` | ||
nix develop | ||
``` | ||
If you are on Apple Silicon and a native shell is not available, you will want | ||
to run this instead: | ||
``` | ||
nix develop --system x86_64-darwin | ||
``` | ||
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If you are a `VSCode` user, you may also start your development session by | ||
executing the following command: | ||
``` | ||
nix develop --command code | ||
``` | ||
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If you are running `nix develop` for the first time, please enter `y` at the | ||
following prompts to create the local nix settings file | ||
`~/.local/share/nix/trusted-settings.json`: | ||
```txt | ||
> do you want to allow configuration setting 'accept-flake-config' to be set to 'true' (y/N)? | ||
> do you want to permanently mark this value as trusted (y/N)? | ||
``` | ||
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It is particularly important to accept the `extra-substituters` and | ||
`extra-trusted-public-keys` settings as these will grant access to our binary | ||
cache. | ||
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When `nix develop` is run for the first time, a significant amount of | ||
dependencies will be downloaded, built and installed. This process may take a | ||
couple of hours but is expected to happen only once. However, if you ever | ||
witness that GHC is also being built from scratch, then it is likely that your | ||
binary cache has not been configured properly or is not being considered. | ||
Accepting the configuration settings as outlined above should be sufficient to | ||
avoid this. Nevertheless, if your caches are still broken, you'll want to review | ||
this document carefully to ensure that your nix installation is properly | ||
configured. | ||
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You will know that your caches are broken if you see this message: | ||
``` | ||
warning: ignoring untrusted substituter 'https://cache.iog.io', you are not a trusted user. | ||
``` | ||
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If is possible that your settings are correct but the nix daemon is not properly | ||
considering them. In this case, stop the `nix develop` process and restart the | ||
`nix-daemon` as follows: | ||
```bash | ||
sudo systemctl stop nix-daemon.service | ||
``` | ||
Once done, you can launch the `nix develop` process again. |
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