Blue Collar

Background jobs and scheduled work for .NET.

Blue Collar is a system for creating, managing, and executing background work in .NET applications.

Some cool features include:

• Embedded web-based management interface
• Single assembly deployment
• Easily perform work for multiple applications on one server, or perform work for one application on multiple servers, or any combination in between
• Jobs are simple .NET objects, implementing string Name { get; } and void Execute()
• Sensible defaults make getting up and running a breeze
• Free and open source

Documentation

The docs can be found at http://bluecollardotnet.org/. They are a work in progress, so please get in touch if you need answers about something that is not covered.

The "Just Let Me Play With It" Setup

For the quick setup, we'll use SQLite as our data store. System.Data.SQLite is included as a dependency in the NuGet package, so fire up the package manager console and execute the following:

PM> Install-Package BlueCollar

NuGet will add three references to your project:

• BlueCollar.dll
• BlueCollar.SQLiteRepository.dll
• System.Data.SQLite.dll

Configuration

Once your references are added, you need to do a little (promise!) configuration. At a minimum, you need to tell Blue Collar the name of your application. We're also going to configure the web management dashboard by registering its handler.

First, register the blueCollar configuration section under <configSections/>:

<configSections>
  <section name="blueCollar" type="BlueCollar.BlueCollarSection, BlueCollar" allowDefinition="Everywhere" allowLocation="true" requirePermission="false"/>
</configSections>

Now add the blueCollar section as a child of the root <configuration/> element:

<blueCollar applicationName="Your Application Name"/>

Replace Your Application Name with a friendly application name. The system can accomodate multiple applications in the same database schema, so the application name you choose will also be used to partition this application's data.

Finally, register the web management dashboard handler. By default, the handler is configured for registration at ~/collar, so that's where we'll register it under <system.webServer/>:

<system.webServer>
  <handlers>
    <add name="collar" path="collar" type="BlueCollar.Dashboard.DashboardHandlerFactory, BlueCollar" verb="*" preCondition="integratedMode" />
  </handlers>
</system.webServer>

Creating a Machine In-Process

Blue Collar can create a Machine (our name for the service used to coordinate workers on a computer for an application) inside of the ASP.NET process. This ability is useful for low-volume scenarios, development environments, and getting up and running quickly.

To mange this in a flexible way, we'll boot up our Machine on application start, but only if we've configured execution by the service to be disabled (the default). That way, when we want to switch to service-based execution, we just have to make a quick configuration update.

If your application doesn't have one already, create a Global.asax file and add using BlueCollar; to your list of namespace registrations.

Next, create a class variable called machine:

private static Machine machine;

And add or update void Application_Start():

void Application_Start()
{
    if (!BlueCollarSection.Section.Machine.ServiceExecutionEnabled)
    {
        machine = new Machine();
    }
}

Finally, to stop work when the application is shut down, add or update void Application_End():

void Application_End()
{
	if (machine != null) 
	{
        machine.Dispose();
        machine = null;
	}
}

That's It!

Build your application and launch it in the browser. You should be able to visit ~/collar and see that the default worker has been created and is running.

Creating Jobs

To do actual work, you need to create some jobs. Usually, this is a matter of converting an existing method invocation into a Job class.

For example, let's say we wanted to create a job for sending email. Suppose we currently do it by calling a static method on an EmailService class with the following signature:

void Send(string address, string subject, string body);

In order to do this work from a job, we might create a class as follows:

using System;
using BlueCollar;

public sealed class SendEmailJob : Job
{
	public string Address { get; set; }

	public string Body { get; set; }

	public override string Name
	{
		get { return "Send Email"; }
	}

	public string Subject { get; set; }

	public override void Execute()
	{
		EmailService.Send(this.Address, this.Subject, this.Body);
	}
}

All we did was create properties for the state we needed in order to perform the work. When we enqueue the job, our object will be serialized onto the job queue with all of our custom state included. When the job is later materialized for execution, the state will be de-serialized and available for use.

Now, in order to send an actual email, we'd do something similar to the following:

new SendEmailJob()
{
    Address = "[email protected]",
    Subject = "Hello, World!",
    Body = "This email was sent in the background, freeing up my application to be more responsive!"
}.Enqueue();

License

Licensed under the MIT license.

Copyright (c) 2012 Chad Burggraf.