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Core Components.md

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8 - Core Components

Ethereum’s core components:

  1. P2P network: Ethereum runs on the Ethereum main network, which is addressable on TCP port 30303, and runs a protocol called ÐΞVp2p.
  2. Transactions: Ethereum transactions are network messages that include (among other things) a sender, recipient, value, and data payload.
  3. State machine: Ethereum state transitions are processed by the Ethereum Virtual Machine EVM, a stack-based virtual machine that executes bytecode (machine-language instructions). EVM programs, called "smart contracts," are written in high-level languages (e.g., Solidity or Vyper) and compiled to bytecode for execution on the EVM.
  4. Data structures: Ethereum’s state is stored locally on each node as a database (usually Google’s LevelDB), which contains the transactions and system state in a serialized hashed data structure called a Merkle Patricia Tree.

Slide Screenshot

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Slide Text

  • Transaction: Sender, Recipient, Value, Data
  • State Machine -> EVM
  • HLLs (Solidity) -> Bytecode
  • Data Structures
  • Merkle Patricia Tree

References