FIX: Update to use f-format strings.

pyart/_debug_info.py

@@ -81,13 +81,6 @@ def _debug_info(stream=None):
     except:
         cylp_available = "MISSING"
 
-    try:
-        import glpk
-
-        glpk_version = "%i.%i" % (glpk.env.version)
-    except:
-        glpk_version = "MISSING"
-
     try:
         import cvxopt.info
 
@@ -122,7 +115,6 @@ def _debug_info(stream=None):
 
     print("---- Optional dependencies ----", file=stream)
     print("CyLP:", cylp_available, file=stream)
-    print("PyGLPK version:", glpk_version, file=stream)
     print("CVXOPT version:", cvxopt_version, file=stream)
     print("Cartopy version:", cartopy_version, file=stream)
     print("pytest version:", pytest_version, file=stream)

pyart/aux_io/gamicfile.py

@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ def __init__(self, filename):
         """initialize object."""
         self._hfile = h5py.File(filename, "r")
         self.nsweeps = self._hfile["what"].attrs["sets"]
-        self._scans = ["scan%i" % (i) for i in range(self.nsweeps)]
+        self._scans = [f"scan{i}" for i in range(self.nsweeps)]
         self.rays_per_sweep = self.how_attrs("ray_count", "int32")
         self.total_rays = sum(self.rays_per_sweep)
         self.gates_per_sweep = self.how_attrs("bin_count", "int32")

pyart/core/radar.py

@@ -797,8 +797,7 @@ def add_field(self, field_name, dic, replace_existing=False):
         if "data" not in dic:
             raise KeyError("dic must contain a 'data' key")
         if dic["data"].shape != (self.nrays, self.ngates):
-            t = (self.nrays, self.ngates)
-            err = "'data' has invalid shape, should be (%i, %i)" % t
+            err = "'data' has invalid shape, should be ({self.nrays}, {self.ngates})"
             raise ValueError(err)
         # add the field
         self.fields[field_name] = dic

pyart/correct/phase_proc.py

@@ -902,13 +902,13 @@ def LP_solver_cylp_mp(A_Matrix, B_vectors, weights, really_verbose=False, proc=1
     # check if equal sized chunks can be distributed to worker processes
     if n_rays % chunksize != 0:
         print(
-            "Problem of %d rays cannot be split to %d worker processes!\n\r"
-            "Fallback to 1 process!" % (n_rays, proc)
+            "Problem of {n_rays} rays cannot be split to {proc} worker processes!\n\r"
+            "Fallback to 1 process!"
         )
         chunksize = n_rays  # fall back to one process
         proc = 1
 
-    print("Calculating with %d processes, %d rays per chunk" % (proc, chunksize))
+    print(f"Calculating with {proc} processes, {chunksize} rays per chunk")
 
     def worker(model, B_vectors, weights, ray, chunksize, out_q):
         """

pyart/correct/region_dealias.py

@@ -316,9 +316,7 @@ def _find_sweep_interval_splits(nyquist, interval_splits, velocities, nsweep):
         max_vel = velocities.max()
         min_vel = velocities.min()
         if max_vel > nyquist or min_vel < -nyquist:
-            msg = "Velocities outside of the Nyquist interval found in " "sweep %i." % (
-                nsweep
-            )
+            msg = f"Velocities outside of the Nyquist interval found in sweep {nsweep}."
             warnings.warn(msg, UserWarning)
             # additional intervals must be added to capture the velocities
             # outside the nyquist limits

pyart/graph/common.py

@@ -448,7 +448,7 @@ def generate_ray_title(radar, field, ray):
     l1 = f"{generate_radar_name(radar)} {time_str}"
     azim = radar.azimuth["data"][ray]
     elev = radar.elevation["data"][ray]
-    l2 = "Ray: %i  Elevation: %.1f Azimuth: %.1f" % (ray, elev, azim)
+    l2 = f"Ray: {ray}  Elevation: {elev:.1f} Azimuth: {azim:.1f}"
     field_name = generate_field_name(radar, field)
     return l1 + "\n" + l2 + "\n" + field_name
 

pyart/io/common.py

@@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ def stringarray_to_chararray(arr, numchars=None):
 
     arr_numchars = carr.shape[-1]
     if numchars <= arr_numchars:
-        raise ValueError("numchars must be >= %i" % (arr_numchars))
+        raise ValueError(f"numchars must be >= {arr_numchars}")
     chararr = np.zeros(arr.shape + (numchars,), dtype="S1")
     chararr[..., :arr_numchars] = carr[:]
     return chararr

pyart/io/mdv_common.py

@@ -550,13 +550,13 @@ def read_a_field(self, fnum, debug=False):
                 compr_data = self.fileptr.read(compr_info["nbytes_coded"])
             encoding_type = field_header["encoding_type"]
             if encoding_type == ENCODING_INT8:
-                fmt = ">%iB" % (nx * ny)
+                fmt = f">{nx*ny}B"
                 np_form = ">B"
             elif encoding_type == ENCODING_INT16:
-                fmt = ">%iH" % (nx * ny)
+                fmt = f">{nx*ny}H"
                 np_form = ">H"
             elif encoding_type == ENCODING_FLOAT32:
-                fmt = ">%if" % (nx * ny)
+                fmt = f">{nx*ny}f"
                 np_form = ">f"
             else:
                 raise NotImplementedError("encoding: ", encoding_type)
@@ -885,7 +885,7 @@ def _get_chunks(self, debug=False):
 
             else:
                 if debug:
-                    print("getting unknown chunk %i" % chunk_id)
+                    print(f"getting unknown chunk {chunk_id}")
                 self.chunk_data[cnum] = self._get_unknown_chunk(cnum)
 
         return radar_info, elevations, calib_info
@@ -913,7 +913,7 @@ def _write_chunks(self, debug=False):
 
             else:
                 if debug:
-                    print("writing unknown chunk %i" % chunk_id)
+                    print(f"writing unknown chunk {chunk_id}")
                 self._write_unknown_chunk(self.chunk_data[cnum])
 
     def _get_radar_info(self):
@@ -941,14 +941,14 @@ def _get_elevs(self, nbytes):
         # the file pointer must be set at the correct location prior to call
         SIZE_FLOAT = 4.0
         nelevations = np.floor(nbytes / SIZE_FLOAT)
-        fmt = ">%df" % (nelevations)
+        fmt = f">{nelevations}f"
         packet = struct.unpack(fmt, self.fileptr.read(struct.calcsize(fmt)))
         return np.array(packet)
 
     def _write_elevs(self, packet):
         """Write an array of elevation."""
         # the file pointer must be set at the correct location prior to call
-        fmt = ">%df" % (len(packet))
+        fmt = f">{len(packet)}f"
         # cast to string as Python < 2.7.7 pack does not except unicode
         fmt = str(fmt)
         string = struct.pack(fmt, *packet)
@@ -1006,7 +1006,7 @@ def _write_unknown_chunk(self, data):
     def _get_levels_info(self, nlevels):
         """Get nlevel information, return a dict."""
         # the file pointer must be set at the correct location prior to call
-        fmt = ">%iI %iI" % (nlevels, nlevels)
+        fmt = f">{nlevels}I {nlevels}I"
         if self.fileptr:
             packet = struct.unpack(fmt, self.fileptr.read(struct.calcsize(fmt)))
         else:
@@ -1019,7 +1019,7 @@ def _get_levels_info(self, nlevels):
     def _write_levels_info(self, nlevels, d):
         """write levels information, return a dict."""
         # the file pointer must be set at the correct location prior to call
-        fmt = "%iI %iI" % (nlevels, nlevels)
+        fmt = f"{nlevels}I {nlevels}I"
         packet = d["vlevel_offsets"] + d["vlevel_nbytes"]
         # cast to string as Python < 2.7.7 pack does not except unicode
         fmt = str(fmt)
@@ -1101,7 +1101,7 @@ def _calc_geometry(self):
         else:
             proj_type = self.field_headers[0]["proj_type"]
             message = (
-                "Unsupported projection type: %i, " % (proj_type)
+                f"Unsupported projection type: {proj_type}, "
                 + "is MDV file in antenna coordinates?"
             )
             raise NotImplementedError(message)

pyart/io/nexrad_level3.py

@@ -124,9 +124,9 @@ def __init__(self, filename):
         # Read and decode 18 byte Message Header Block
         self.msg_header = _unpack_from_buf(buf, bpos, MESSAGE_HEADER)
         if self.msg_header["code"] not in SUPPORTED_PRODUCTS:
-            code = self.msg_header["code"]
+            code = self.msg_header["code"]  # noqa: F841
             raise NotImplementedError(
-                "Level3 product with code %i is not supported" % (code)
+                "Level3 product with code {code} is not supported"
             )
         bpos += 18
 
@@ -139,10 +139,9 @@ def __init__(self, filename):
         supp_ver = SUPPORTED_VERSION_NUMBERS[self.msg_header["code"]]
         if ver > supp_ver:
             warnings.warn(
-                "Radar product version is %d. Py-ART implementation \
-            supports max version of %d. Most recent product version has not \
-            yet been implemented/tested."
-                % (ver, supp_ver),
+                f"Radar product version is {ver}. Py-ART implementation \
+            supports max version of {supp_ver}. Most recent product version has not \
+            yet been implemented/tested.",
                 UserWarning,
             )
 
@@ -456,7 +455,7 @@ def __call__(self, packet_code):
         if packet_code == 28:
             xdr.update(self._unpack_prod_desc())
         else:
-            raise NotImplementedError("Unknown XDR Component: %d" % (packet_code))
+            raise NotImplementedError(f"Unknown XDR Component: {packet_code}")
 
         # Check that we got it all
         self.done()
@@ -530,7 +529,7 @@ def _unpack_components(self):
                 if i < num - 1:
                     self.unpack_int()  # Another pointer for the 'list' ?
             except KeyError:
-                raise NotImplementedError("Unknown XDR Component: %d" % (code))
+                raise NotImplementedError(f"Unknown XDR Component: {code}")
                 break
 
         if num == 1:

pyart/io/rsl.py

@@ -175,7 +175,7 @@ def read_rsl(
     for volume_num in available_vols:
         # if a volume number is not recognized it is skipped.
         if volume_num not in VOLUMENUM2RSLNAME:
-            warnings.warn("Unknown Volume Number %d" % volume_num)
+            warnings.warn(f"Unknown Volume Number {volume_num}")
             continue
         rsl_field_name = VOLUMENUM2RSLNAME[volume_num]
         field_name = filemetadata.get_field_name(rsl_field_name)

pyart/retrieve/spectra_calculations.py

@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ def spectra_moments(radar):
     wavelength = radar.ds.attrs["wavelength"]
     for i in range(times):
         if i % 100 == 0:
-            print("Dealiasing %d/%d" % (i, times))
+            print(f"Dealiasing {i}/{times}")
         spectra_idx = spectra[i, :, :]
         # Get the raw spectra, bins, and wavelength
         # Subtract the noise floor from the spectra. Also, return the integration limits

pyart/testing/data/make_small_mdv_ppi.py

@@ -156,7 +156,7 @@
 
 # read/write elevs chunk
 f.seek(elevs_chunk_offset)
-fmt = "%df" % (18)
+fmt = f"{18}f"
 packet = list(struct.unpack(fmt, f.read(struct.calcsize(fmt))))
 out.write(struct.pack(fmt, *packet))
 

pyart/testing/data/make_small_mdv_rhi.py

@@ -151,7 +151,7 @@
 
 # read/write elevs chunk
 f.seek(elevs_chunk_offset)
-fmt = "%df" % (2)
+fmt = f"{2}f"
 packet = list(struct.unpack(fmt, f.read(struct.calcsize(fmt))))
 out.write(struct.pack(fmt, *packet))
 

pyart/xradar/accessor.py

@@ -210,7 +210,7 @@ def add_field(self, field_name, dic, replace_existing=False):
             raise KeyError("dic must contain a 'data' key")
         if dic["data"].shape != (self.nz, self.ny, self.nx):
             t = (self.nz, self.ny, self.nx)
-            err = "'data' has invalid shape, should be (%i, %i)" % t
+            err = "'data' has invalid shape, should be ({}, {})".format(*t)
             raise ValueError(err)
         self.fields[field_name] = dic
 
@@ -458,7 +458,7 @@ def add_field(self, field_name, dic, replace_existing=False):
             raise KeyError("dic must contain a 'data' key")
         if dic["data"].shape != (self.nrays, self.ngates):
             t = (self.nrays, self.ngates)
-            err = "'data' has invalid shape, should be (%i, %i)" % t
+            err = "'data' has invalid shape, should be ({}, {})".format(*t)
             raise ValueError(err)
         # add the field
         self.fields[field_name] = dic