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Getting Started

This page provides basic tutorials about the usage of mmdetection. For installation instructions, please see INSTALL.md.

Inference with pretrained models

We provide testing scripts to evaluate a whole dataset (COCO, PASCAL VOC, etc.), and also some high-level apis for easier integration to other projects.

Test a dataset

  • single GPU testing
  • multiple GPU testing
  • visualize detection results

You can use the following command to test a dataset.

python tools/test.py ${CONFIG_FILE} ${CHECKPOINT_FILE} [--gpus ${GPU_NUM}] [--proc_per_gpu ${PROC_NUM}] [--out ${RESULT_FILE}] [--eval ${EVAL_METRICS}] [--show]

Positional arguments:

  • CONFIG_FILE: Path to the config file of the corresponding model.
  • CHECKPOINT_FILE: Path to the checkpoint file.

Optional arguments:

  • GPU_NUM: Number of GPUs used for testing. (default: 1)
  • PROC_NUM: Number of processes on each GPU. (default: 1)
  • RESULT_FILE: Filename of the output results in pickle format. If not specified, the results will not be saved to a file.
  • EVAL_METRICS: Items to be evaluated on the results. Allowed values are: proposal_fast, proposal, bbox, segm, keypoints.
  • --show: If specified, detection results will be ploted on the images and shown in a new window. Only applicable for single GPU testing.

Examples:

Assume that you have already downloaded the checkpoints to checkpoints/.

  1. Test Faster R-CNN and show the results.
python tools/test.py configs/faster_rcnn_r50_fpn_1x.py \
    checkpoints/faster_rcnn_r50_fpn_1x_20181010-3d1b3351.pth \
    --show
  1. Test Mask R-CNN and evaluate the bbox and mask AP.
python tools/test.py configs/mask_rcnn_r50_fpn_1x.py \
    checkpoints/mask_rcnn_r50_fpn_1x_20181010-069fa190.pth \
    --out results.pkl --eval bbox mask
  1. Test Mask R-CNN with 8 GPUs and 2 processes per GPU, and evaluate the bbox and mask AP.
python tools/test.py configs/mask_rcnn_r50_fpn_1x.py \
    checkpoints/mask_rcnn_r50_fpn_1x_20181010-069fa190.pth \
    --gpus 8 --proc_per_gpu 2 --out results.pkl --eval bbox mask

High-level APIs for testing images.

Here is an example of building the model and test given images.

import mmcv
from mmcv.runner import load_checkpoint
from mmdet.models import build_detector
from mmdet.apis import inference_detector, show_result

cfg = mmcv.Config.fromfile('configs/faster_rcnn_r50_fpn_1x.py')
cfg.model.pretrained = None

# construct the model and load checkpoint
model = build_detector(cfg.model, test_cfg=cfg.test_cfg)
_ = load_checkpoint(model, 'https://s3.ap-northeast-2.amazonaws.com/open-mmlab/mmdetection/models/faster_rcnn_r50_fpn_1x_20181010-3d1b3351.pth')

# test a single image
img = mmcv.imread('test.jpg')
result = inference_detector(model, img, cfg)
show_result(img, result)

# test a list of images
imgs = ['test1.jpg', 'test2.jpg']
for i, result in enumerate(inference_detector(model, imgs, cfg, device='cuda:0')):
    print(i, imgs[i])
    show_result(imgs[i], result)

Train a model

mmdetection implements distributed training and non-distributed training, which uses MMDistributedDataParallel and MMDataParallel respectively.

All outputs (log files and checkpoints) will be saved to the working directory, which is specified by work_dir in the config file.

*Important*: The default learning rate in config files is for 8 GPUs. If you use less or more than 8 GPUs, you need to set the learning rate proportional to the GPU num, e.g., 0.01 for 4 GPUs and 0.04 for 16 GPUs.

Train with a single GPU

python tools/train.py ${CONFIG_FILE}

If you want to specify the working directory in the command, you can add an argument --work_dir ${YOUR_WORK_DIR}.

Train with multiple GPUs

./tools/dist_train.sh ${CONFIG_FILE} ${GPU_NUM} [optional arguments]

Optional arguments are:

  • --validate (recommended): Perform evaluation at every k (default=1) epochs during the training.
  • --work_dir ${WORK_DIR}: Override the working directory specified in the config file.
  • --resume_from ${CHECKPOINT_FILE}: Resume from a previous checkpoint file.

Train with multiple machines

If you run mmdetection on a cluster managed with slurm, you can just use the script slurm_train.sh.

./tools/slurm_train.sh ${PARTITION} ${JOB_NAME} ${CONFIG_FILE} ${WORK_DIR} [${GPUS}]

Here is an example of using 16 GPUs to train Mask R-CNN on the dev partition.

./tools/slurm_train.sh dev mask_r50_1x configs/mask_rcnn_r50_fpn_1x.py /nfs/xxxx/mask_rcnn_r50_fpn_1x 16

You can check slurm_train.sh for full arguments and environment variables.

If you have just multiple machines connected with ethernet, you can refer to pytorch launch utility. Usually it is slow if you do not have high speed networking like infiniband.

How-to

Use my own datasets

The simplest way is to convert your dataset to existing dataset formats (COCO or PASCAL VOC).

Here we show an example of adding a custom dataset of 5 classes, assuming it is also in COCO format.

In mmdet/datasets/my_dataset.py:

from .coco import CocoDataset


class MyDataset(CocoDataset):

    CLASSES = ('a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e')

In mmdet/datasets/__init__.py:

from .my_dataset import MyDataset

Then you can use MyDataset in config files, with the same API as CocoDataset.

It is also fine if you do not want to convert the annotation format to COCO or PASCAL format. Actually, we define a simple annotation format and all existing datasets are processed to be compatible with it, either online or offline.

The annotation of a dataset is a list of dict, each dict corresponds to an image. There are 3 field filename (relative path), width, height for testing, and an additional field ann for training. ann is also a dict containing at least 2 fields: bboxes and labels, both of which are numpy arrays. Some datasets may provide annotations like crowd/difficult/ignored bboxes, we use bboxes_ignore and labels_ignore to cover them.

Here is an example.

[
    {
        'filename': 'a.jpg',
        'width': 1280,
        'height': 720,
        'ann': {
            'bboxes': <np.ndarray, float32> (n, 4),
            'labels': <np.ndarray, float32> (n, ),
            'bboxes_ignore': <np.ndarray, float32> (k, 4),
            'labels_ignore': <np.ndarray, float32> (k, ) (optional field)
        }
    },
    ...
]

There are two ways to work with custom datasets.

  • online conversion

    You can write a new Dataset class inherited from CustomDataset, and overwrite two methods load_annotations(self, ann_file) and get_ann_info(self, idx), like CocoDataset and VOCDataset.

  • offline conversion

    You can convert the annotation format to the expected format above and save it to a pickle or json file, like pascal_voc.py. Then you can simply use CustomDataset.

Develop new components

We basically categorize model components into 4 types.

  • backbone: usually a FCN network to extract feature maps, e.g., ResNet, MobileNet.
  • neck: the component between backbones and heads, e.g., FPN, PAFPN.
  • head: the component for specific tasks, e.g., bbox prediction and mask prediction.
  • roi extractor: the part for extracting RoI features from feature maps, e.g., RoI Align.

Here we show how to develop new components with an example of MobileNet.

  1. Create a new file mmdet/models/backbones/mobilenet.py.
import torch.nn as nn

from ..registry import BACKBONES


@BACKBONES.register
class MobileNet(nn.Module):

    def __init__(self, arg1, arg2):
        pass

    def forward(x):  # should return a tuple
        pass
  1. Import the module in mmdet/models/backbones/__init__.py.
from .mobilenet import MobileNet
  1. Use it in your config file.
model = dict(
    ...
    backbone=dict(
        type='MobileNet',
        arg1=xxx,
        arg2=xxx),
    ...

For more information on how it works, you can refer to TECHNICAL_DETAILS.md (TODO).