calculator.py

"""
Written by  : Shreyas Daniel - github.com/shreydan
Description : Uses Pythons eval() function
              as a way to implement calculator.
             
Functions available are:
--------------------------------------------
                         + : addition
                         - : subtraction
                         * : multiplication
                         / : division
                         % : percentage
                         e : 2.718281...
                        pi : 3.141592... 
                      sine : sin(rad)
                    cosine : cos(rad)
                   tangent : tan(rad)
                 remainder : XmodY
               square root : sqrt(n)
  round to nearest integer : round(n)
convert degrees to radians : rad(deg)
"""

import math
import sys


def calc(term):
    """
        input: term of type str
        output: returns the result of the computed term.
        purpose: This function is the actual calculator and the heart of the application
    """
    
    # This part is for reading and converting arithmic terms.
    term = term.replace(' ', '')
    term = term.replace('^', '**')
    term = term.replace('=', '')
    term = term.replace('?', '')
    term = term.replace('%', '/100')
    term = term.replace('rad', 'radians')
    term = term.replace('mod', '%')

    functions = ['sin', 'cos', 'tan', 'cosh', 'sinh', 'tanh', 'sqrt', 'pi', 'radians', 'e'] 

    # This part is for reading and converting function expressions.
    for function in functions:            
        if function in term.lower():
            withmath = 'math.' + function
            term = term.replace(function, withmath)

    try:

        # here goes the actual evaluating.
        term = eval(term)

    # here goes to the error cases.
    except ZeroDivisionError:

        print("Can't divide by 0")
        exit(1) # exit(1) for indicating an error.

    except NameError:

        print('Invalid input')
        exit(1)

    except AttributeError:

        print('Check usage method')
        exit(1)
        
    return term


def result(term):
    """
        input:  term of type str
        output: none
        purpose: passes the argument to the function calc(...) and 
                prints the result onto console.
    """
    print("\n" + str(calc(term)))


def main():
    """
        main-program
        purpose: handles the user inputs and prints 
                some informations onto console.
    """
    
    print("\nScientific Calculator\nEg: sin(rad(90)) + 50% * (sqrt(16)) + round(1.42^2) - 12mod3\nEnter quit to exit")

    if sys.version_info.major >= 3:
        while True:
            k = input("\nWhat is ")
            if k == 'quit':
                break
            result(k)

    else:
        while True:
            k = raw_input("\nWhat is ")
            if k == 'quit':
                break
            result(k)


if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()