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istio-on-karmada.md

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Use Istio on Karmada

This document uses an example to demonstrate how to use Istio on Karmada.

Follow this guide to install the Istio control plane on karmada-host (the primary cluster) and configure member1 and member2 (the remote cluster) to use the control plane in karmada-host. All clusters reside on the network1 network, meaning there is direct connectivity between the pods in both clusters.

Install Karmada

Install karmada control plane

Following the steps Install karmada control plane in Quick Start, you can get a Karmada.

Deploy Istio

If you are testing multicluster setup on kind you can use MetalLB to make use of EXTERNAL-IP for LoadBalancer services.

Install istioctl

Please refer to the istioctl Installation.

Prepare CA certificates

Following the steps plug-in-certificates-and-key-into-the-cluster to configure Istio CA.

Replace the cluster name cluster1 with primary, the output will looks like as follwing:

root@karmada-demo  istio-on-karmada# tree certs
certs
├── primary
│   ├── ca-cert.pem
│   ├── ca-key.pem
│   ├── cert-chain.pem
│   └── root-cert.pem
├── root-ca.conf
├── root-cert.csr
├── root-cert.pem
├── root-cert.srl
└── root-key.pem

Install Istio on karmada-apiserver

Export KUBECONFIG and switch to karmada apiserver:

# export KUBECONFIG=$HOME/.kube/karmada.config

# kubectl config use-context karmada-apiserver

Create a secret cacerts in istio-system namespace:

kubectl create namespace istio-system
kubectl create secret generic cacerts -n istio-system \
    --from-file=certs/primary/ca-cert.pem \
    --from-file=certs/primary/ca-key.pem \
    --from-file=certs/primary/root-cert.pem \
    --from-file=certs/primary/cert-chain.pem

Create a propagation policy for cacert secret:

cat <<EOF | kubectl apply -f -
apiVersion: policy.karmada.io/v1alpha1
kind: PropagationPolicy
metadata:
  name: cacerts-propagation
  namespace: istio-system
spec:
  resourceSelectors:
    - apiVersion: v1
      kind: Secret
      name: cacerts
  placement:
    clusterAffinity:
      clusterNames:
        - member1
        - member2
EOF

Run the following command to install istio CRDs on karmada apiserver:

cat <<EOF | istioctl install -y --set profile=minimal -f -
apiVersion: install.istio.io/v1alpha1
kind: IstioOperator
spec:
  meshConfig:
    accessLogFile: /dev/stdout
  values:
    global:
      meshID: mesh1
      multiCluster:
        clusterName: primary
      network: network1
EOF

Karmada apiserver will not deploy a real istiod pod, you should press ctrl+c to exit installation when Processing resources for Istiod.

✔ Istio core installed                                                                                                                                                         
- Processing resources for Istiod.

Install Istio on karmada host

  1. Create secret on karmada-host

Karmada host is not a member cluster, we need create the cacerts secret for istiod.

Export KUBECONFIG and switch to karmada host:

# export KUBECONFIG=$HOME/.kube/karmada.config

# kubectl config use-context karmada-host

Create a secret cacerts in istio-system namespace:

kubectl create namespace istio-system
kubectl create secret generic cacerts -n istio-system \
    --from-file=certs/primary/ca-cert.pem \
    --from-file=certs/primary/ca-key.pem \
    --from-file=certs/primary/root-cert.pem \
    --from-file=certs/primary/cert-chain.pem
  1. Create istio-kubeconfig on karmada-host
kubectl get secret -nkarmada-system kubeconfig --template={{.data.kubeconfig}} | base64 -d > kind-karmada.yaml
kubectl create secret generic istio-kubeconfig --from-file=config=kind-karmada.yaml -nistio-system
  1. Install istio control plane
cat <<EOF | istioctl install -y --set profile=minimal -f -
apiVersion: install.istio.io/v1alpha1
kind: IstioOperator
spec:
  meshConfig:
    accessLogFile: /dev/stdout
  values:
    global:
      meshID: mesh1
      multiCluster:
        clusterName: primary
      network: network1
EOF
  1. Expose istiod service

Run the following command to create a service for the istiod service:

cat <<EOF | kubectl apply -f -
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  name: istiod-elb
  namespace: istio-system
spec:
  ports:
  - name: https-dns
    port: 15012
    protocol: TCP
    targetPort: 15012
  selector:
    app: istiod
    istio: pilot
  sessionAffinity: None
  type: LoadBalancer
EOF

Export DISCOVERY_ADDRESS:

export DISCOVERY_ADDRESS=$(kubectl get svc istiod-elb -nistio-system -o jsonpath='{.status.loadBalancer.ingress[0].ip}')
# verify
echo $DISCOVERY_ADDRESS

Prepare member1 cluster secret

  1. Export KUBECONFIG and switch to karmada member1:
export KUBECONFIG="$HOME/.kube/members.config"
kubectl config use-context member1
  1. Create istio remote secret for member1:
istioctl x create-remote-secret --name=member1 > istio-remote-secret-member1.yaml

Prepare member2 cluster secret

  1. Export KUBECONFIG and switch to karmada member2:
export KUBECONFIG="$HOME/.kube/members.config"
kubectl config use-context member2
  1. Create istio remote secret for member1:
istioctl x create-remote-secret --name=member2 > istio-remote-secret-member2.yaml

Apply istio remote secret

Export KUBECONFIG and switch to karmada apiserver:

# export KUBECONFIG=$HOME/.kube/karmada.config

# kubectl config use-context karmada-apiserver

Apply istio remote secret:

kubectl apply -f istio-remote-secret-member1.yaml

kubectl apply -f istio-remote-secret-member2.yaml

Install istio remote

  1. Install istio remote member1

Export KUBECONFIG and switch to karmada member1:

export KUBECONFIG="$HOME/.kube/members.config"
kubectl config use-context member1
cat <<EOF | istioctl install -y -f -
apiVersion: install.istio.io/v1alpha1
kind: IstioOperator
spec:
  values:
    global:
      meshID: mesh1
      multiCluster:
        clusterName: member1
      network: network1
      remotePilotAddress: ${DISCOVERY_ADDRESS}
EOF
  1. Install istio remote member2

Export KUBECONFIG and switch to karmada member2:

export KUBECONFIG="$HOME/.kube/members.config"
kubectl config use-context member2
cat <<EOF | istioctl install -y -f -
apiVersion: install.istio.io/v1alpha1
kind: IstioOperator
spec:
  values:
    global:
      meshID: mesh1
      multiCluster:
        clusterName: member2
      network: network1
      remotePilotAddress: ${DISCOVERY_ADDRESS}
EOF

Deploy bookinfo application

Export KUBECONFIG and switch to karmada apiserver:

# export KUBECONFIG=$HOME/.kube/karmada.config

# kubectl config use-context karmada-apiserver

Create an istio-demo namespace:

kubectl create namespace istio-demo

Label the namespace that will host the application with istio-injection=enabled:

kubectl label namespace istio-demo istio-injection=enabled

Deploy your application using the kubectl command:

kubectl apply -nistio-demo -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/istio/istio/release-1.12/samples/bookinfo/platform/kube/bookinfo.yaml

Run the following command to create default destination rules for the Bookinfo services:

kubectl apply -nistio-demo -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/istio/istio/release-1.12/samples/bookinfo/networking/destination-rule-all.yaml

Run the following command to create virtual service for the Bookinfo services:

kubectl apply -nistio-demo -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/istio/istio/release-1.12/samples/bookinfo/networking/virtual-service-all-v1.yaml

Run the following command to create propagation policy for the Bookinfo services:

cat <<EOF | kubectl apply -nistio-demo -f -
apiVersion: policy.karmada.io/v1alpha1
kind: PropagationPolicy
metadata:
  name: service-propagation
spec:
  resourceSelectors:
    - apiVersion: v1
      kind: Service
      name: productpage
    - apiVersion: v1
      kind: Service
      name: details
    - apiVersion: v1
      kind: Service
      name: reviews
    - apiVersion: v1
      kind: Service
      name: ratings
  placement:
    clusterAffinity:
      clusterNames:
        - member1
        - member2
---
apiVersion: policy.karmada.io/v1alpha1
kind: PropagationPolicy
metadata:
  name: produtpage-propagation
spec:
  resourceSelectors:
    - apiVersion: apps/v1
      kind: Deployment
      name: productpage-v1
    - apiVersion: v1
      kind: ServiceAccount
      name: bookinfo-productpage
  placement:
    clusterAffinity:
      clusterNames:
        - member1
---
apiVersion: policy.karmada.io/v1alpha1
kind: PropagationPolicy
metadata:
  name: details-propagation
spec:
  resourceSelectors:
    - apiVersion: apps/v1
      kind: Deployment
      name: details-v1

    - apiVersion: v1
      kind: ServiceAccount
      name: bookinfo-details
  placement:
    clusterAffinity:
      clusterNames:
        - member2
---
apiVersion: policy.karmada.io/v1alpha1
kind: PropagationPolicy
metadata:
  name: reviews-propagation
spec:
  resourceSelectors:
    - apiVersion: apps/v1
      kind: Deployment
      name: reviews-v1
    - apiVersion: apps/v1
      kind: Deployment
      name: reviews-v2
    - apiVersion: apps/v1
      kind: Deployment
      name: reviews-v3
    - apiVersion: v1
      kind: ServiceAccount
      name: bookinfo-reviews
  placement:
    clusterAffinity:
      clusterNames:
        - member1
        - member2
---
apiVersion: policy.karmada.io/v1alpha1
kind: PropagationPolicy
metadata:
  name: ratings-propagation
spec:
  resourceSelectors:
    - apiVersion: apps/v1
      kind: Deployment
      name: ratings-v1
    - apiVersion: v1
      kind: ServiceAccount
      name: bookinfo-ratings
  placement:
    clusterAffinity:
      clusterNames:
        - member2
EOF

Deploy fortio application using the kubectl command:

kubectl apply -nistio-demo -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/istio/istio/release-1.12/samples/httpbin/sample-client/fortio-deploy.yaml

Run the following command to create propagation policy for the fortio services:

cat <<EOF | kubectl apply -nistio-demo -f -
apiVersion: policy.karmada.io/v1alpha1
kind: PropagationPolicy
metadata:
  name: fortio-propagation
spec:
  resourceSelectors:
    - apiVersion: v1
      kind: Service
      name: fortio
    - apiVersion: apps/v1
      kind: Deployment
      name: fortio-deploy
  placement:
    clusterAffinity:
      clusterNames:
        - member1
        - member2
EOF

Export KUBECONFIG and switch to karmada member1:

export KUBECONFIG="$HOME/.kube/members.config"
kubectl config use-context member1

Run the following command to verify productpage application installation:

export FORTIO_POD=`kubectl get po -nistio-demo | grep fortio | awk '{print $1}'`
kubectl exec -it ${FORTIO_POD} -nistio-demo -- fortio load -t 3s productpage:9080/productpage

What's next

Folling the guide to confirm the app is accessible from outside the cluster.