diff --git a/.gitignore b/.gitignore
index 672d1adecf..1bcba66f9d 100644
--- a/.gitignore
+++ b/.gitignore
@@ -171,3 +171,5 @@ Temporary Items
 
 tomcat.*
 tomcat.*/**
+
+**/WEB-INF/classes/**
diff --git a/study/src/main/java/servlet/com/example/TomcatStarter.java b/study/src/main/java/servlet/com/example/TomcatStarter.java
index 109b9d5297..b91214e9c3 100644
--- a/study/src/main/java/servlet/com/example/TomcatStarter.java
+++ b/study/src/main/java/servlet/com/example/TomcatStarter.java
@@ -44,6 +44,7 @@ public void await() {
     public void stop() {
         try {
             tomcat.stop();
+            tomcat.destroy();
         } catch (LifecycleException e) {
             throw new RuntimeException(e);
         }
diff --git a/study/src/test/java/servlet/com/example/FilterTest.java b/study/src/test/java/servlet/com/example/FilterTest.java
index 7c958af764..53d6236dff 100644
--- a/study/src/test/java/servlet/com/example/FilterTest.java
+++ b/study/src/test/java/servlet/com/example/FilterTest.java
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 package servlet.com.example;
 
 import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
+import support.HttpUtils;
 
 import static org.assertj.core.api.Assertions.assertThat;
 import static servlet.com.example.KoreanServlet.인코딩;
@@ -8,12 +9,12 @@
 class FilterTest {
 
     @Test
-    void testFilter() throws Exception {
+    void testFilter() {
         // 톰캣 서버 시작
-        final var tomcatStarter = TestHttpUtils.createTomcatStarter();
+        final var tomcatStarter = new TomcatStarter("src/main/webapp/");
         tomcatStarter.start();
 
-        final var response = TestHttpUtils.send("/korean");
+        final var response = HttpUtils.send("/korean");
 
         // 톰캣 서버 종료
         tomcatStarter.stop();
diff --git a/study/src/test/java/servlet/com/example/ServletTest.java b/study/src/test/java/servlet/com/example/ServletTest.java
index 0cb371f4d0..75fbb10dd5 100644
--- a/study/src/test/java/servlet/com/example/ServletTest.java
+++ b/study/src/test/java/servlet/com/example/ServletTest.java
@@ -1,22 +1,25 @@
 package servlet.com.example;
 
 import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
+import support.HttpUtils;
 
 import static org.assertj.core.api.Assertions.assertThat;
 
 class ServletTest {
 
+    private final String WEBAPP_DIR_LOCATION = "src/main/webapp/";
+
     @Test
-    void testSharedCounter() throws Exception {
+    void testSharedCounter() {
         // 톰캣 서버 시작
-        final var tomcatStarter = TestHttpUtils.createTomcatStarter();
+        final var tomcatStarter = new TomcatStarter(WEBAPP_DIR_LOCATION);
         tomcatStarter.start();
 
         // shared-counter 페이지를 3번 호출한다.
         final var PATH = "/shared-counter";
-        TestHttpUtils.send(PATH);
-        TestHttpUtils.send(PATH);
-        final var response = TestHttpUtils.send(PATH);
+        HttpUtils.send(PATH);
+        HttpUtils.send(PATH);
+        final var response = HttpUtils.send(PATH);
 
         // 톰캣 서버 종료
         tomcatStarter.stop();
@@ -29,16 +32,16 @@ void testSharedCounter() throws Exception {
     }
 
     @Test
-    void testLocalCounter() throws Exception {
+    void testLocalCounter() {
         // 톰캣 서버 시작
-        final var tomcatStarter = TestHttpUtils.createTomcatStarter();
+        final var tomcatStarter = new TomcatStarter(WEBAPP_DIR_LOCATION);
         tomcatStarter.start();
 
         // local-counter 페이지를 3번 호출한다.
         final var PATH = "/local-counter";
-        TestHttpUtils.send(PATH);
-        TestHttpUtils.send(PATH);
-        final var response = TestHttpUtils.send(PATH);
+        HttpUtils.send(PATH);
+        HttpUtils.send(PATH);
+        final var response = HttpUtils.send(PATH);
 
         // 톰캣 서버 종료
         tomcatStarter.stop();
diff --git a/study/src/test/java/servlet/com/example/TestHttpUtils.java b/study/src/test/java/servlet/com/example/TestHttpUtils.java
deleted file mode 100644
index dde039228f..0000000000
--- a/study/src/test/java/servlet/com/example/TestHttpUtils.java
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,28 +0,0 @@
-package servlet.com.example;
-
-import java.net.URI;
-import java.net.http.HttpClient;
-import java.net.http.HttpRequest;
-import java.net.http.HttpResponse;
-import java.time.Duration;
-
-public class TestHttpUtils {
-
-    private static final HttpClient httpClient = HttpClient.newBuilder()
-            .version(HttpClient.Version.HTTP_1_1)
-            .connectTimeout(Duration.ofSeconds(3))
-            .build();
-
-    public static TomcatStarter createTomcatStarter() {
-        return new TomcatStarter("../servlet/src/main/webapp/");
-    }
-
-    public static HttpResponse<String> send(final String path) throws Exception {
-        final var request = HttpRequest.newBuilder()
-                .uri(URI.create("http://localhost:8080" + path))
-                .timeout(Duration.ofSeconds(3))
-                .build();
-
-        return httpClient.send(request, HttpResponse.BodyHandlers.ofString());
-    }
-}