diff --git a/backend/src/main/java/com/yigongil/backend/domain/round/Round.java b/backend/src/main/java/com/yigongil/backend/domain/round/Round.java
index 79795fb48..14ce663ba 100644
--- a/backend/src/main/java/com/yigongil/backend/domain/round/Round.java
+++ b/backend/src/main/java/com/yigongil/backend/domain/round/Round.java
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ public class Round extends BaseEntity {
 
     @Cascade(CascadeType.PERSIST)
     @OnDelete(action = OnDeleteAction.CASCADE)
-    @OneToMany
+    @OneToMany(orphanRemoval = true)
     @JoinColumn(name = "round_id", nullable = false)
     private List<RoundOfMember> roundOfMembers = new ArrayList<>();
 
diff --git a/backend/src/main/java/com/yigongil/backend/domain/roundofmember/RoundOfMember.java b/backend/src/main/java/com/yigongil/backend/domain/roundofmember/RoundOfMember.java
index 290cb1ef0..9e0fd0c75 100644
--- a/backend/src/main/java/com/yigongil/backend/domain/roundofmember/RoundOfMember.java
+++ b/backend/src/main/java/com/yigongil/backend/domain/roundofmember/RoundOfMember.java
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 import com.yigongil.backend.domain.member.Member;
 import com.yigongil.backend.domain.study.Study;
 import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Objects;
 import javax.persistence.Column;
 import javax.persistence.Entity;
 import javax.persistence.FetchType;
@@ -59,4 +60,23 @@ public void completeRound() {
     public boolean isMemberEquals(Member member) {
         return this.member.equals(member);
     }
+
+    @Override
+    public boolean equals(Object o) {
+        if (this == o) {
+            return true;
+        }
+        if (!(o instanceof RoundOfMember roundOfMember)) {
+            return false;
+        }
+        if (id == null || roundOfMember.getId() == null) {
+            return false;
+        }
+        return id.equals(roundOfMember.getId());
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public int hashCode() {
+        return Objects.hash(id);
+    }
 }
diff --git a/backend/src/main/java/com/yigongil/backend/domain/study/Study.java b/backend/src/main/java/com/yigongil/backend/domain/study/Study.java
index 6c10593bb..2956fc87c 100644
--- a/backend/src/main/java/com/yigongil/backend/domain/study/Study.java
+++ b/backend/src/main/java/com/yigongil/backend/domain/study/Study.java
@@ -413,8 +413,19 @@ private boolean isAlreadyExist(Member member) {
     }
 
     public void exit(Member member) {
+        validateCanExitMemberSize();
         rounds.forEach(round -> round.exit(member));
-        findStudyMemberBy(member).failStudy();
+        findStudyMemberBy(member).exit();
+    }
+
+    private void validateCanExitMemberSize() {
+        long studyMemberCount = studyMembers.stream()
+                                            .filter(StudyMember::isStudyMember)
+                                            .count();
+        if (studyMemberCount <= MIN_MEMBER_SIZE) {
+            throw new InvalidMemberSizeException("스터디 멤버 수가 2명 이하일 때는 탈퇴할 수 없습니다.",
+                    (int) studyMemberCount);
+        }
     }
 
     private StudyMember findStudyMemberBy(Member member) {
diff --git a/backend/src/main/java/com/yigongil/backend/domain/studymember/Role.java b/backend/src/main/java/com/yigongil/backend/domain/studymember/Role.java
index 33051f4df..af9b1cf88 100644
--- a/backend/src/main/java/com/yigongil/backend/domain/studymember/Role.java
+++ b/backend/src/main/java/com/yigongil/backend/domain/studymember/Role.java
@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ public enum Role {
     STUDY_MEMBER(1),
     APPLICANT(2),
     NO_ROLE(3),
+    EXIT(4),
     ;
 
     private final int code;
diff --git a/backend/src/main/java/com/yigongil/backend/domain/studymember/StudyMember.java b/backend/src/main/java/com/yigongil/backend/domain/studymember/StudyMember.java
index 9ede7f9c5..47cc203c4 100644
--- a/backend/src/main/java/com/yigongil/backend/domain/studymember/StudyMember.java
+++ b/backend/src/main/java/com/yigongil/backend/domain/studymember/StudyMember.java
@@ -85,6 +85,10 @@ public boolean isMaster() {
         return this.role == Role.MASTER;
     }
 
+    public boolean isExit() {
+        return this.role == Role.EXIT;
+    }
+
     public void completeSuccessfully() {
         int successfulRoundCount = study.calculateSuccessfulRoundCount(member);
         int defaultRoundExperience = EXPERIENCE_BASE_UNIT * 2;
@@ -94,7 +98,8 @@ public void completeSuccessfully() {
         this.studyResult = StudyResult.SUCCESS;
     }
 
-    public void failStudy() {
+    public void exit() {
+        this.role = Role.EXIT;
         this.studyResult = StudyResult.FAIL;
     }
 
diff --git a/backend/src/test/java/com/yigongil/backend/acceptance/steps/StudySteps.java b/backend/src/test/java/com/yigongil/backend/acceptance/steps/StudySteps.java
index 93c31490e..342023a58 100644
--- a/backend/src/test/java/com/yigongil/backend/acceptance/steps/StudySteps.java
+++ b/backend/src/test/java/com/yigongil/backend/acceptance/steps/StudySteps.java
@@ -15,7 +15,6 @@
 import com.yigongil.backend.response.RoundResponse;
 import com.yigongil.backend.response.StudyDetailResponse;
 import com.yigongil.backend.response.StudyListItemResponse;
-import com.yigongil.backend.response.StudyMemberResponse;
 import com.yigongil.backend.response.UpcomingStudyResponse;
 import io.cucumber.java.en.Given;
 import io.cucumber.java.en.Then;
@@ -451,24 +450,15 @@ public StudySteps(ObjectMapper objectMapper, SharedContext sharedContext) {
                .when()
                .delete("/studies/{studyId}/exit", studyId)
                .then().log().all();
-
-        ExtractableResponse<Response> response = given().log().all()
-                                                        .header(HttpHeaders.AUTHORIZATION, token)
-                                                        .when()
-                                                        .get("/studies/{studyId}/", studyId)
-                                                        .then().log().all()
-                                                        .extract();
-
-        sharedContext.setResponse(response);
     }
 
     @Then("{string} 이 {string} 스터디에 참여하지 않는다.")
     public void 스터디에_참여하지_않는다(String githubId, String studyName) {
         Long id = sharedContext.getId(githubId);
 
-        StudyDetailResponse response = sharedContext.getResponse().as(StudyDetailResponse.class);
+        MembersCertificationResponse response = sharedContext.getResponse().as(MembersCertificationResponse.class);
 
-        assertThat(response.members()).map(StudyMemberResponse::id).doesNotContain(id);
+        assertThat(response.others()).map(MemberCertificationResponse::id).doesNotContain(id);
     }
 
     @Then("{string}는 {string} 스터디 구성원에 포함되어 있지않다.")
diff --git a/backend/src/test/java/com/yigongil/backend/domain/round/RoundTest.java b/backend/src/test/java/com/yigongil/backend/domain/round/RoundTest.java
index 9001a9230..e8eb326bc 100644
--- a/backend/src/test/java/com/yigongil/backend/domain/round/RoundTest.java
+++ b/backend/src/test/java/com/yigongil/backend/domain/round/RoundTest.java
@@ -1,5 +1,8 @@
 package com.yigongil.backend.domain.round;
 
+import static com.yigongil.backend.fixture.MemberFixture.폰노이만;
+import static com.yigongil.backend.fixture.RoundOfMemberFixture.김진우_라오멤;
+import static com.yigongil.backend.fixture.RoundOfMemberFixture.노이만_라오멤;
 import static org.assertj.core.api.Assertions.assertThat;
 import static org.assertj.core.api.Assertions.assertThatThrownBy;
 
@@ -7,7 +10,6 @@
 import com.yigongil.backend.exception.InvalidTodoLengthException;
 import com.yigongil.backend.exception.NotStudyMasterException;
 import com.yigongil.backend.fixture.RoundFixture;
-import com.yigongil.backend.fixture.RoundOfMemberFixture;
 import org.assertj.core.api.ThrowableAssert.ThrowingCallable;
 import org.junit.jupiter.api.Nested;
 import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
@@ -80,9 +82,9 @@ class 머스트두_진행률_계산 {
         void 멤버들의_진행률을_계산한다() {
             //given
             Round round = RoundFixture.아이디없는_라운드.toRoundWithRoundOfMember(
-                    RoundOfMemberFixture.노이만_라오멤,
-                    RoundOfMemberFixture.노이만_라오멤,
-                    RoundOfMemberFixture.노이만_라오멤
+                    노이만_라오멤,
+                    노이만_라오멤,
+                    노이만_라오멤
             );
             round.getRoundOfMembers().get(0).completeRound();
 
@@ -97,9 +99,9 @@ class 머스트두_진행률_계산 {
         void 머스트두를_완료한_멤버가_없다() {
             //given
             Round round = RoundFixture.아이디없는_라운드.toRoundWithRoundOfMember(
-                    RoundOfMemberFixture.노이만_라오멤,
-                    RoundOfMemberFixture.노이만_라오멤,
-                    RoundOfMemberFixture.노이만_라오멤
+                    노이만_라오멤,
+                    노이만_라오멤,
+                    노이만_라오멤
             );
 
             //when
@@ -109,4 +111,24 @@ class 머스트두_진행률_계산 {
             assertThat(result).isZero();
         }
     }
+
+    @Nested
+    class 라운드_나가기 {
+        @Test
+        void 라운드를_나가면_RoundOfMember에서_사라진다() {
+            // given
+            Round round = RoundFixture.아이디없는_라운드.toRoundWithRoundOfMember(
+                    김진우_라오멤,
+                    노이만_라오멤
+            );
+
+            // when
+            round.exit(폰노이만.toMember());
+            boolean roundOfMemberExists = round.getRoundOfMembers().stream()
+                             .anyMatch(roundOfMember -> roundOfMember.equals(노이만_라오멤));
+
+            // then
+            assertThat(roundOfMemberExists).isFalse();
+        }
+    }
 }
diff --git a/backend/src/test/java/com/yigongil/backend/domain/study/StudyTest.java b/backend/src/test/java/com/yigongil/backend/domain/study/StudyTest.java
index c41b72e1d..f1b19c028 100644
--- a/backend/src/test/java/com/yigongil/backend/domain/study/StudyTest.java
+++ b/backend/src/test/java/com/yigongil/backend/domain/study/StudyTest.java
@@ -2,9 +2,11 @@
 
 import static org.assertj.core.api.Assertions.assertThat;
 import static org.assertj.core.api.Assertions.assertThatThrownBy;
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertAll;
 
 import com.yigongil.backend.domain.member.Member;
 import com.yigongil.backend.domain.round.Round;
+import com.yigongil.backend.domain.studymember.StudyMember;
 import com.yigongil.backend.exception.InvalidMemberSizeException;
 import com.yigongil.backend.exception.InvalidProcessingStatusException;
 import com.yigongil.backend.fixture.MemberFixture;
@@ -169,4 +171,50 @@ void setUp() {
         assertThatThrownBy(() -> study.apply(member3))
                 .isInstanceOf(InvalidMemberSizeException.class);
     }
+
+    @Nested
+    class 스터디_탈퇴 {
+        @Test
+        void 스터디_탈퇴() {
+            // given
+            Study study = StudyFixture.자바_스터디_모집중.toStudy();
+            Member master = MemberFixture.김진우.toMember();
+            Member member1 = MemberFixture.마틴파울러.toMember();
+            study.apply(member1);
+            study.permit(member1, master);
+
+            Member member2 = MemberFixture.폰노이만.toMember();
+            study.apply(member2);
+            study.permit(member2, master);
+
+            StudyMember studyMember1 = study.getStudyMembers().stream()
+                                            .filter(studyMember -> studyMember.getMember()
+                                                                              .equals(member1))
+                                            .findAny()
+                                            .get();
+            // when
+            study.exit(member1);
+
+            // then
+            assertAll(
+                    () -> assertThat(study.sizeOfCurrentMembers()).isEqualTo(2),
+                    () -> assertThat(studyMember1.isExit()).isTrue()
+            );
+
+        }
+
+        @Test
+        void 멤버의_수가_2명_이하면_예외가_발생한다() {
+            // given
+            Study study = StudyFixture.자바_스터디_모집중_정원_2.toStudy();
+            Member master = MemberFixture.김진우.toMember();
+            Member member = MemberFixture.마틴파울러.toMember();
+            study.apply(member);
+            study.permit(member, master);
+
+            // when, then
+            assertThatThrownBy(() -> study.exit(member))
+                    .isInstanceOf(InvalidMemberSizeException.class);
+        }
+    }
 }
diff --git a/backend/src/test/java/com/yigongil/backend/fixture/RoundFixture.java b/backend/src/test/java/com/yigongil/backend/fixture/RoundFixture.java
index c892b6249..f521306f6 100644
--- a/backend/src/test/java/com/yigongil/backend/fixture/RoundFixture.java
+++ b/backend/src/test/java/com/yigongil/backend/fixture/RoundFixture.java
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ public Round toRound() {
                     .id(id)
                     .mustDo(content)
                     .master(master)
-                    .roundOfMembers(new ArrayList<>(List.of(RoundOfMemberFixture.김진우_라운드_삼.toRoundOfMember(), RoundOfMemberFixture.노이만_라오멤.toRoundOfMember())))
+                    .roundOfMembers(new ArrayList<>(List.of(RoundOfMemberFixture.김진우_라오멤.toRoundOfMember(), RoundOfMemberFixture.노이만_라오멤.toRoundOfMember())))
                     .build();
     }
 
@@ -43,11 +43,12 @@ public Round toRoundWithRoundOfMember(RoundOfMemberFixture... roundOfMemberFixtu
         List<RoundOfMember> roundOfMembers = Arrays.stream(roundOfMemberFixtures)
                                                    .map(RoundOfMemberFixture::toRoundOfMember)
                                                    .toList();
+
         return Round.builder()
                     .id(id)
                     .mustDo(content)
                     .master(master)
-                    .roundOfMembers(roundOfMembers)
+                    .roundOfMembers(new ArrayList<>(roundOfMembers))
                     .build();
     }
 }
diff --git a/backend/src/test/java/com/yigongil/backend/fixture/RoundOfMemberFixture.java b/backend/src/test/java/com/yigongil/backend/fixture/RoundOfMemberFixture.java
index c44b5bda4..4795574f9 100644
--- a/backend/src/test/java/com/yigongil/backend/fixture/RoundOfMemberFixture.java
+++ b/backend/src/test/java/com/yigongil/backend/fixture/RoundOfMemberFixture.java
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
 
 public enum RoundOfMemberFixture {
 
-    김진우_라운드_삼(1L, MemberFixture.김진우.toMember(), false),
+    김진우_라오멤(2L, MemberFixture.김진우.toMember(), false),
     노이만_라오멤(1L, MemberFixture.폰노이만.toMember(), false),
     ;
 
diff --git a/backend/src/test/resources/features/study-exit.feature b/backend/src/test/resources/features/study-exit.feature
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..eaf5b1f41
--- /dev/null
+++ b/backend/src/test/resources/features/study-exit.feature
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+Feature: 스터디를 탈퇴한다.
+
+  Scenario: 스터디를 탈퇴한다.
+    Given "jinwoo"의 깃허브 아이디로 회원가입을 한다.
+    Given "jinwoo"가 제목-"자바1", 정원-"6"명, 최소 주차-"1"주, 주당 진행 횟수-"3"회, 소개-"스터디소개1"로 스터디를 개설한다.
+
+    Given "noiman"의 깃허브 아이디로 회원가입을 한다.
+    Given 깃허브 아이디가 "noiman"인 멤버가 이름이 "자바1"스터디에 신청한다.
+    Given "jinwoo"가 "noiman"의 "자바1" 스터디 신청을 수락한다.
+
+    Given "yujamint"의 깃허브 아이디로 회원가입을 한다.
+    Given 깃허브 아이디가 "yujamint"인 멤버가 이름이 "자바1"스터디에 신청한다.
+    Given "jinwoo"가 "yujamint"의 "자바1" 스터디 신청을 수락한다.
+
+    Given "jinwoo"가 이름이 "자바1"인 스터디를 "MONDAY"에 진행되도록 하여 시작한다.
+
+    When "noiman" 이 "자바1" 스터디에서 탈퇴한다.
+    When "jinwoo"가 "자바1" 스터디의 인증 목록을 조회한다.
+    Then "noiman" 이 "자바1" 스터디에 참여하지 않는다.
diff --git a/backend/src/test/resources/features/study-progress.feature b/backend/src/test/resources/features/study-progress.feature
index 060ecbb9e..186e8dc3e 100644
--- a/backend/src/test/resources/features/study-progress.feature
+++ b/backend/src/test/resources/features/study-progress.feature
@@ -60,16 +60,3 @@ Feature: 스터디를 진행한다
 
     When "noiman"가 마이페이지를 조회한다.
     Then 조회한 멤버의 경험치가 상승했다.
-
-  Scenario: 스터디를 탈퇴한다.
-
-    Given "jinwoo"의 깃허브 아이디로 회원가입을 한다.
-    Given "jinwoo"가 제목-"자바1", 정원-"6"명, 최소 주차-"1"주, 주당 진행 횟수-"3"회, 소개-"스터디소개1"로 스터디를 개설한다.
-    Given "noiman"의 깃허브 아이디로 회원가입을 한다.
-    Given 깃허브 아이디가 "noiman"인 멤버가 이름이 "자바1"스터디에 신청한다.
-    Given "jinwoo"가 "noiman"의 "자바1" 스터디 신청을 수락한다.
-    Given "jinwoo"가 이름이 "자바1"인 스터디를 "MONDAY"에 진행되도록 하여 시작한다.
-
-    When "noiman" 이 "자바1" 스터디에서 탈퇴한다.
-
-    Then "noiman" 이 "자바1" 스터디에 참여하지 않는다.