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<!doctype html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>CSV on the Web</title>
<meta name="description" content="Description of your talk">
<meta name="author" content="Your Name">
<meta name="apple-mobile-web-app-capable" content="yes"/>
<meta name="apple-mobile-web-app-status-bar-style" content="black-translucent"/>
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0, maximum-scale=1.0, user-scalable=no">
<link rel="stylesheet" href="reveal.js/css/reveal.min.css">
<link rel="stylesheet" href="reveal.js/css/theme/sky.css" id="theme">
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<script src="lib/js/html5shiv.js"></script>
<![endif]-->
</head>
<body>
<div class="reveal">
<!-- Any section element inside of this container is displayed as a slide -->
<div class="slides">
<section id="titlepage">
<h2>CSV on the Web</h2>
<h3>What's Happening in the W3C Working Group</h3>
<p><br></p>
<p>Jeni Tennison · Open Data Institute<br>CSV on the Web W3C Working Group Co-chair</p>
<a href="https://twitter.com/JeniT">@JeniT</a>
<hr>
<span style="font-size: medium">
<p>You can access the slides at <a href="http://theodi.github.io/presentations/2014-07-15-csv-wg.html"> <code class="url">http://theodi.github.io/presentations/2014-07-15-csv-wg.html</code></a>.</p>
<p>Use arrows to navigate. Press 'f' for fullscreen. Press the <code>Escape</code> key to see all slides.</p>
</span>
</section>
<section>
<section>
<h2>Standardising CSV?!?</h2>
</section>
<section>
<h3>CSV is Great</h3>
<ul>
<li>
compact
<ul><li>good for big and small data</li></ul>
</li>
<li>
understandable by normal people (with the right tools)
<ul>
<li>unlike every other data format</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>
pervasive
<ul>
<li>developer tooling</li>
<li>end user tooling</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section>
<h3>CSV is Crap</h3>
<ul>
<li>
syntactic irregularities abound
<ul>
<li>encoding / separator / header / escapes</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>
because there is no standard
<ul><li><a href="http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc4180">RFC4180</a> is Informational & largely ignored</li></ul>
</li>
<li class="fragment">so there's no validation</li>
<li class="fragment">so everyone working with it suffers</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section>
<h3>CSV is Crap</h3>
<ul>
<li>
extremely inexpressive
<ul>
<li>context / metadata / notes / relationships</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="fragment">
so people use other mechanisms
<ul>
<li>use Excel instead (multiple sheets)</li>
<li>have multiple 'header' lines</li>
<li>embed multiple tables in one CSV</li>
<li>package CSV up with documentation</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="fragment">so everyone working with it suffers</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section>
<h3>So What?</h3>
<ul>
<li>>90% open data is tabular</li>
<li class="fragment">2/3rds "CSV" files on data.gov.uk aren't machine readable</li>
<li class="fragment">
everyone can tailor a solution to read a CSV file
<ul>
<li class="fragment">but it doesn't scale</li>
<li class="fragment">and it locks you in</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section>
<h3>What if CSV...</h3>
<ul>
<li>were a native browser format</li>
<li class="fragment">contained links</li>
<li class="fragment">could be linked to</li>
</ul>
<p class="fragment">what if CSV were a true web format?</p>
</section>
<section>
<h3>Prior Art</h3>
</section>
<section>
<h4>DSPL: Dataset Publishing Language</h4>
<img src="2014-07-15-csv-wg/dspl.png">
</section>
<section>
<h4>Tabular Data Packages</h4>
<img src="2014-07-15-csv-wg/tabular-data-package.png">
</section>
<section>
<h3>Capital-S Standards</h3>
<ul>
<li>
more likely to be accepted by governments
<ul>
<li>improve what government publishes</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="fragment">
more likely to get embedded in enterprise tooling
<ul>
<li>improve what Excel produces</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="fragment">
more likely to check all the boxes
<ul>
<li>multiple stakeholders</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</section>
</section>
<section>
<section>
<h2>W3C Working Group</h2>
</section>
<section>
<h3>Working Group</h3>
<ul>
<li>started January 2014</li>
<li>co-chaired by Jeni Tennison & Dan Brickley</li>
<li>28 members</li>
<li>public mailing list at <a href="http://lists.w3.org/Archives/Public/public-csv-wg/">[email protected]</a></li>
<li>github repo at <a href="https://github.com/w3c/csvw">https://github.com/w3c/csvw</a></li>
</ul>
</section>
<section>
<h3>Charter</h3>
<blockquote style="font-size: 0.8em; text-align: left; width: 100%; background-color: white;">
The <b>mission</b> of the <a href="http://www.w3.org/2013/csvw/">CSV on the Web Working Group</a>, part of the <a href="http://www.w3.org/2013/data/">Data Activity</a>, is to provide technologies whereby data dependent applications on the Web can provide higher interoperability when working with datasets using the CSV (Comma-Separated Values) or similar formats. As well as single CSV files, the group will define mechanisms for interpreting a set of CSVs as relational data. This will include the definition of a vocabulary for describing tables expressed as CSV and locatable on the web, and the relationships between them.
</blockquote>
<p><a href="http://www.w3.org/2013/05/lcsv-charter">CSV on the Web WG Charter</a></p>
</section>
<section>
<h3>Syntax?</h3>
<ul>
<li>out of scope of charter</li>
<li>normative guidelines</li>
<li>
close working with IETF
<ul>
<li>creation of a Standards Track RFC</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</section>
</section>
<section>
<section>
<h2>Use Cases & Requirements</h2>
<img src="2014-07-15-csv-wg/ucr.png">
</section>
<section>
<h3>Use Cases</h3>
<ul>
<li>concrete examples including files</li>
<li>some not CSV files</li>
<li>some include mappings to other formats</li>
<li>associated requirements</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section>
<h3>Requirements</h3>
<ul>
<li>parsing requirements</li>
<li>
application requirements
<ul>
<li>validation</li>
<li>mapping to JSON, XML & RDF</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>non-functional requirements</li>
<li>
data model requirements
<ul>
<li>microsyntax & repeated properties</li>
<li>multilingual content & bidirectionality</li>
<li>mapping values to URLs</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</section>
</section>
<section>
<section>
<h2>Model for Tabular Data & Metadata on the Web</h2>
<img src="2014-07-15-csv-wg/model.png">
</section>
<section>
<h3>Core Model: Table</h3>
<img src="2014-07-15-csv-wg/core-table.png">
</section>
<section>
<h3>Core Model: Column</h3>
<img src="2014-07-15-csv-wg/core-column.png">
</section>
<section>
<h3>Core Model: Row</h3>
<img src="2014-07-15-csv-wg/core-row.png">
</section>
<section>
<h3>Core Model: Cell</h3>
<img src="2014-07-15-csv-wg/core-cell.png">
</section>
<section>
<h3>Annotated Model: Table</h3>
<img src="2014-07-15-csv-wg/annotated-table.png">
</section>
<section>
<h3>Annotated Model: Column</h3>
<img src="2014-07-15-csv-wg/annotated-column.png">
</section>
<section>
<h3>Annotated Model: Row</h3>
<img src="2014-07-15-csv-wg/annotated-row.png">
</section>
<section>
<h3>Annotated Model: Cell</h3>
<img src="2014-07-15-csv-wg/annotated-cell.png">
</section>
<section>
<h3>Grouped Tables</h3>
<img src="2014-07-15-csv-wg/grouped-tables.png">
</section>
<section>
<h3>Locating Metadata</h3>
<ol>
<li>embedded in the CSV
<ul><li>only example is headers</li></ul>
</li>
<li>package
<ul><li>eg a zip file</li></ul>
</li>
<li><code>Link</code> HTTP header
<ul><li><code>Link: <metadata.json>; rel="describedby"</code></li></ul>
</li>
<li>URL hacking
<ul><li>eg look for <code><i>filename</i>.csvm</code></li></ul>
</li>
</ol>
</section>
</section>
<section>
<section>
<h2>Metadata Vocabulary for Tabular Data</h2>
<img src="2014-07-15-csv-wg/metadata.png">
</section>
<section>
<h3>Status</h3>
<ul>
<li>early draft
<ul>
<li>focus on single CSV file</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>based on Tabular Data Package</li>
<li>compatible with JSON-LD</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section>
<h3>Example</h3>
<pre>
{
"@id": "site22580943-2013-dec.csv",
"title": "Weather observations for site 22580943 (Exeter Airport, UK)",
"modified": "2013-12-31",
"license": "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/version/2/",
"schema": {
"columns": [{
"name": "air-temp",
"title": {
"en": "Air temperature (Cel)",
"fr": "La température d'air (C)"
},
"description": "Air temperature quantity value expressed in Celsius.",
"type": "double",
"required": true
}, {
...
}]
}
}</pre>
</section>
<section>
<h3>Metadata and Schemas</h3>
<img src="2014-07-15-csv-wg/metadata-schemas.png">
</section>
<section>
<h3>Annotations</h3>
<ul>
<li>about tables, columns, rows & cells</li>
<li>reusing vocabularies like Dublin Core / DCAT</li>
<li>using link relations</li>
<li>facilitates searches for data</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section>
<h3>Schemas</h3>
<ul>
<li>common description for multiple CSVs</li>
<li>
based on position not name of column
<ul>
<li>supports human readable column names</li>
<li>supports multilingual CSV schemas</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section>
<h3>Data Types & Formats</h3>
<ul>
<li>based on XML Schema types</li>
<li>string value vs semantic value</li>
<li>constrain format of string values</li>
<li>constrain magnitude of (semantic) values</li>
<li>some concerns re implementation complexity</li>
</ul>
</section>
</section>
<section>
<section>
<h2>Mappings</h2>
</section>
<section>
<h3>Status</h3>
<ul>
<li>early stages</li>
<li>chartered to map to XML, JSON & RDF</li>
<li>use cases somewhat lacking</li>
<li>mapping into databases? R?</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section>
<h3>Current Approach</h3>
<ul>
<li>mappings are complex</li>
<li>looking at templating language</li>
<li>describe default mapping as a template</li>
</ul>
<pre>
<site/22580943/date-time/{datetime:/^(\d{4})-(\d{2})-(\d{2}T\d{2}):(\d{2}):(\d{2}Z)$/}>
a ssn:Observation ;
ssn:observationSamplingTime
[ time:inXSDDateTime "{datetime}"^^xsd:dateTime ] ;
ssn:observationResult [
a ssn:SensorOutput ;
def-op:airTemperature_C
[ qudt:numericValue "{air-temp}"^^xsd:double ] ;
def-op:dewPointTemperature_C
[ qudt:numericValue "{dew-point-temp}"^^xsd:double ]
] .
</pre>
</section>
</section>
<section>
<section>
<h2>Help Us</h2>
<ul>
<li>number of issues in the specs</li>
<li>templating language?</li>
<li>mapping to JSON?</li>
<li>mapping to XML?</li>
<li>loading into relational databases?</li>
<li>loading into other tools eg R?</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section>
<h3>How?</h3>
<ul>
<li>follow & contribute to mailing list<br> <a href="http://lists.w3.org/Archives/Public/public-csv-wg/">[email protected]</a></li>
<li>raise issues & open pull requests<br> <a href="https://github.com/w3c/csvw">https://github.com/w3c/csvw</a></li>
<li>join the Working Group!</li>
</ul>
</section>
</section>
<section>
<h3>Questions?</h3><br>
<p>Jeni Tennison · Open Data Institute</p>
<a href="mailto:[email protected]">[email protected]</a>
<a href="https://twitter.com/JeniT">@JeniT</a>
<hr>
<p style="font-size: 0.7em">Slides at<br> <a href="http://theodi.github.io/presentations/2014-07-15-csv-wg.html"> <code class="url">http://theodi.github.io/presentations/2014-07-15-csv-wg.html</code></a></p>
</section>
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