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abci.go
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abci.go
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package gravity
import (
"github.com/Gravity-Bridge/Gravity-Bridge/module/x/gravity/keeper"
"github.com/Gravity-Bridge/Gravity-Bridge/module/x/gravity/types"
sdk "github.com/cosmos/cosmos-sdk/types"
sdkerrors "github.com/cosmos/cosmos-sdk/types/errors"
stakingtypes "github.com/cosmos/cosmos-sdk/x/staking/types"
)
// EndBlocker is called at the end of every block
func EndBlocker(ctx sdk.Context, k keeper.Keeper) {
params := k.GetParams(ctx)
slashing(ctx, k)
attestationTally(ctx, k)
cleanupTimedOutBatches(ctx, k)
cleanupTimedOutLogicCalls(ctx, k)
createValsets(ctx, k)
pruneValsets(ctx, k, params)
pruneAttestations(ctx, k)
}
func createValsets(ctx sdk.Context, k keeper.Keeper) {
// Auto ValsetRequest Creation.
// WARNING: do not use k.GetLastObservedValset in this function, it *will* result in losing control of the bridge
// 1. If there are no valset requests, create a new one.
// 2. If there is at least one validator who started unbonding in current block. (we persist last unbonded block height in hooks.go)
// This will make sure the unbonding validator has to provide an attestation to a new Valset
// that excludes him before he completely Unbonds. Otherwise he will be slashed
// 3. If power change between validators of CurrentValset and latest valset request is > 5%
// get the last valsets to compare against
latestValset := k.GetLatestValset(ctx)
lastUnbondingHeight := k.GetLastUnBondingBlockHeight(ctx)
significantPowerDiff := false
if latestValset != nil {
vs, err := k.GetCurrentValset(ctx)
if err != nil {
// this condition should only occur in the simulator
// ref : https://github.com/Gravity-Bridge/Gravity-Bridge/issues/35
if err == types.ErrNoValidators {
ctx.Logger().Error("no bonded validators",
"cause", err.Error(),
)
return
}
panic(err)
}
intCurrMembers, err := types.BridgeValidators(vs.Members).ToInternal()
if err != nil {
panic(sdkerrors.Wrap(err, "invalid current valset members"))
}
intLatestMembers, err := types.BridgeValidators(latestValset.Members).ToInternal()
if err != nil {
panic(sdkerrors.Wrap(err, "invalid latest valset members"))
}
significantPowerDiff = intCurrMembers.PowerDiff(*intLatestMembers) > 0.05
}
if (latestValset == nil) || (lastUnbondingHeight == uint64(ctx.BlockHeight())) || significantPowerDiff {
// if the conditions are true, put in a new validator set request to be signed and submitted to Ethereum
k.SetValsetRequest(ctx)
}
}
func pruneValsets(ctx sdk.Context, k keeper.Keeper, params types.Params) {
// Validator set pruning
// prune all validator sets with a nonce less than the
// last observed nonce, they can't be submitted any longer
//
// Only prune valsets after the signed valsets window has passed
// so that slashing can occur the block before we remove them
lastObserved := k.GetLastObservedValset(ctx)
currentBlock := uint64(ctx.BlockHeight())
tooEarly := currentBlock < params.SignedValsetsWindow
if lastObserved != nil && !tooEarly {
earliestToPrune := currentBlock - params.SignedValsetsWindow
sets := k.GetValsets(ctx)
for _, set := range sets {
if set.Nonce < lastObserved.Nonce && set.Height < earliestToPrune {
k.DeleteValset(ctx, set.Nonce)
}
}
}
}
func slashing(ctx sdk.Context, k keeper.Keeper) {
params := k.GetParams(ctx)
// Slash validator for not confirming valset requests, batch requests, logic call requests
valsetSlashing(ctx, k, params)
batchSlashing(ctx, k, params)
logicCallSlashing(ctx, k, params)
}
// Iterate over all attestations currently being voted on in order of nonce and
// "Observe" those who have passed the threshold. Break the loop once we see
// an attestation that has not passed the threshold
func attestationTally(ctx sdk.Context, k keeper.Keeper) {
params := k.GetParams(ctx)
// bridge is currently disabled, do not process attestations from Ethereum
if !params.BridgeActive {
return
}
attmap, keys := k.GetAttestationMapping(ctx)
// This iterates over all keys (event nonces) in the attestation mapping. Each value contains
// a slice with one or more attestations at that event nonce. There can be multiple attestations
// at one event nonce when validators disagree about what event happened at that nonce.
for _, nonce := range keys {
// This iterates over all attestations at a particular event nonce.
// They are ordered by when the first attestation at the event nonce was received.
// This order is not important.
for _, att := range attmap[nonce] {
// We check if the event nonce is exactly 1 higher than the last attestation that was
// observed. If it is not, we just move on to the next nonce. This will skip over all
// attestations that have already been observed.
//
// Once we hit an event nonce that is one higher than the last observed event, we stop
// skipping over this conditional and start calling tryAttestation (counting votes)
// Once an attestation at a given event nonce has enough votes and becomes observed,
// every other attestation at that nonce will be skipped, since the lastObservedEventNonce
// will be incremented.
//
// Then we go to the next event nonce in the attestation mapping, if there is one. This
// nonce will once again be one higher than the lastObservedEventNonce.
// If there is an attestation at this event nonce which has enough votes to be observed,
// we skip the other attestations and move on to the next nonce again.
// If no attestation becomes observed, when we get to the next nonce, every attestation in
// it will be skipped. The same will happen for every nonce after that.
if nonce == uint64(k.GetLastObservedEventNonce(ctx))+1 {
k.TryAttestation(ctx, &att)
}
}
}
}
// cleanupTimedOutBatches deletes batches that have passed their expiration on Ethereum
// keep in mind several things when modifying this function
// A) unlike nonces timeouts are not monotonically increasing, meaning batch 5 can have a later timeout than batch 6
// this means that we MUST only cleanup a single batch at a time
// B) it is possible for ethereumHeight to be zero if no events have ever occurred, make sure your code accounts for this
// C) When we compute the timeout we do our best to estimate the Ethereum block height at that very second. But what we work with
// here is the Ethereum block height at the time of the last Deposit or Withdraw to be observed. It's very important we do not
// project, if we do a slowdown on ethereum could cause a double spend. Instead timeouts will *only* occur after the timeout period
// AND any deposit or withdraw has occurred to update the Ethereum block height.
func cleanupTimedOutBatches(ctx sdk.Context, k keeper.Keeper) {
ethereumHeight := k.GetLastObservedEthereumBlockHeight(ctx).EthereumBlockHeight
batches := k.GetOutgoingTxBatches(ctx)
for _, batch := range batches {
if batch.BatchTimeout < ethereumHeight {
err := k.CancelOutgoingTXBatch(ctx, batch.TokenContract, batch.BatchNonce)
if err != nil {
panic("Failed to cancel outgoing txbatch!")
}
}
}
}
// cleanupTimedOutBatches deletes logic calls that have passed their expiration on Ethereum
// keep in mind several things when modifying this function
// A) unlike nonces timeouts are not monotonically increasing, meaning call 5 can have a later timeout than batch 6
// this means that we MUST only cleanup a single call at a time
// B) it is possible for ethereumHeight to be zero if no events have ever occurred, make sure your code accounts for this
// C) When we compute the timeout we do our best to estimate the Ethereum block height at that very second. But what we work with
// here is the Ethereum block height at the time of the last Deposit or Withdraw to be observed. It's very important we do not
// project, if we do a slowdown on ethereum could cause a double spend. Instead timeouts will *only* occur after the timeout period
// AND any deposit or withdraw has occurred to update the Ethereum block height.
func cleanupTimedOutLogicCalls(ctx sdk.Context, k keeper.Keeper) {
ethereumHeight := k.GetLastObservedEthereumBlockHeight(ctx).EthereumBlockHeight
calls := k.GetOutgoingLogicCalls(ctx)
for _, call := range calls {
if call.Timeout < ethereumHeight {
err := k.CancelOutgoingLogicCall(ctx, call.InvalidationId, call.InvalidationNonce)
if err != nil {
panic("Failed to cancel outgoing logic call!")
}
}
}
}
// prepValsetConfirms loads all confirmations into a hashmap indexed by validatorAddr
// reducing the lookup time dramatically and separating out the task of looking up
// the orchestrator for each validator
func prepValsetConfirms(ctx sdk.Context, k keeper.Keeper, nonce uint64) map[string]types.MsgValsetConfirm {
confirms := k.GetValsetConfirms(ctx, nonce)
// bytes are incomparable in go, so we convert the sdk.ValAddr bytes to a string
ret := make(map[string]types.MsgValsetConfirm)
for _, confirm := range confirms {
// TODO this presents problems for delegate key rotation see issue #344
confVal, err := sdk.AccAddressFromBech32(confirm.Orchestrator)
if err != nil {
panic("Invalid confirm in store")
}
val, foundValidator := k.GetOrchestratorValidator(ctx, confVal)
if !foundValidator {
panic("Confirm from validator we can't identify?")
}
ret[val.GetOperator().String()] = confirm
}
return ret
}
// valsetSlashing slashes validators who have not signed validator sets during the signing window
func valsetSlashing(ctx sdk.Context, k keeper.Keeper, params types.Params) {
// don't slash in the beginning before there aren't even SignedValsetsWindow blocks yet
if uint64(ctx.BlockHeight()) <= params.SignedValsetsWindow {
return
}
unslashedValsets := k.GetUnSlashedValsets(ctx, params.SignedValsetsWindow)
currentBondedSet := k.StakingKeeper.GetBondedValidatorsByPower(ctx)
unbondingValidators := getUnbondingValidators(ctx, k)
for _, vs := range unslashedValsets {
confirms := prepValsetConfirms(ctx, k, vs.Nonce)
// SLASH BONDED VALIDTORS who didn't attest valset request
for _, val := range currentBondedSet {
consAddr, err := val.GetConsAddr()
if err != nil {
panic("Failed to get validator consensus addr")
}
valSigningInfo, exist := k.SlashingKeeper.GetValidatorSigningInfo(ctx, consAddr)
// Slash validator ONLY if he joined before valset is created
startedBeforeValsetCreated := valSigningInfo.StartHeight < int64(vs.Height)
if exist && startedBeforeValsetCreated {
// Check if validator has confirmed valset or not
_, found := confirms[val.GetOperator().String()]
// slash validators for not confirming valsets
if !found {
// refresh validator before slashing/jailing
val = updateValidator(ctx, k, val.GetOperator())
if !val.IsJailed() {
k.StakingKeeper.Slash(ctx, consAddr, ctx.BlockHeight(), val.ConsensusPower(sdk.DefaultPowerReduction), params.SlashFractionValset)
ctx.EventManager().EmitEvent(
sdk.NewEvent(
sdk.EventTypeMessage,
sdk.NewAttribute("ValsetSignatureSlashing", consAddr.String()),
),
)
k.StakingKeeper.Jail(ctx, consAddr)
}
}
}
}
// SLASH UNBONDING VALIDATORS who didn't attest valset request
for _, valAddr := range unbondingValidators {
addr, err := sdk.ValAddressFromBech32(valAddr)
if err != nil {
panic(err)
}
validator, found := k.StakingKeeper.GetValidator(ctx, sdk.ValAddress(addr))
if !found {
panic("Unable to find validator!")
}
valConsAddr, err := validator.GetConsAddr()
if err != nil {
panic(err)
}
valSigningInfo, exist := k.SlashingKeeper.GetValidatorSigningInfo(ctx, valConsAddr)
// Only slash validators who joined after valset is created and they are unbonding and UNBOND_SLASHING_WINDOW hasn't passed
startedBeforeValsetCreated := valSigningInfo.StartHeight < int64(vs.Height)
unbondingPeriodEndsAfterSlashingPeriod := vs.Height < uint64(validator.UnbondingHeight)+params.UnbondSlashingValsetsWindow
if exist && startedBeforeValsetCreated && validator.IsUnbonding() && unbondingPeriodEndsAfterSlashingPeriod {
// Check if validator has confirmed valset or not
_, found := confirms[validator.GetOperator().String()]
// slash validators for not confirming valsets
if !found {
// refresh validator before slashing/jailing
validator = updateValidator(ctx, k, validator.GetOperator())
if !validator.IsJailed() {
k.StakingKeeper.Slash(ctx, valConsAddr, ctx.BlockHeight(), validator.ConsensusPower(sdk.DefaultPowerReduction), params.SlashFractionValset)
ctx.EventManager().EmitEvent(
sdk.NewEvent(
sdk.EventTypeMessage,
sdk.NewAttribute("ValsetSignatureSlashing", valConsAddr.String()),
),
)
k.StakingKeeper.Jail(ctx, valConsAddr)
}
}
}
}
// then we set the latest slashed valset nonce
k.SetLastSlashedValsetNonce(ctx, vs.Nonce)
}
}
// updateValidator is a very specific utility function, used to update the validator object during
// slashing loops. This allows us to load the validators list at the start of our slashing and only
// pull in individual validators as needed to check that we are not jailing them twice, or slashing
// them improperly
func updateValidator(ctx sdk.Context, k keeper.Keeper, val sdk.ValAddress) stakingtypes.Validator {
valObj, found := k.StakingKeeper.GetValidator(ctx, val)
if !found {
// this should be impossible, we haven't even progressed a single block since we got the list
panic("Validator exited set during endblocker?")
}
return valObj
}
// getUnbondingValidators gets all currently unbonding validators in groups based on
// the block at which they will finish validating.
func getUnbondingValidators(ctx sdk.Context, k keeper.Keeper) (addresses []string) {
blockTime := ctx.BlockTime().Add(k.StakingKeeper.GetParams(ctx).UnbondingTime)
blockHeight := ctx.BlockHeight()
unbondingValIterator := k.StakingKeeper.ValidatorQueueIterator(ctx, blockTime, blockHeight)
defer unbondingValIterator.Close()
// All unbonding validators
for ; unbondingValIterator.Valid(); unbondingValIterator.Next() {
unbondingValidators := k.DeserializeValidatorIterator(unbondingValIterator.Value())
addresses = append(addresses, unbondingValidators.Addresses...)
}
return addresses
}
// prepBatchConfirms loads all confirmations into a hashmap indexed by validatorAddr
// reducing the lookup time dramatically and separating out the task of looking up
// the orchestrator for each validator
func prepBatchConfirms(ctx sdk.Context, k keeper.Keeper, batch types.InternalOutgoingTxBatch) map[string]types.MsgConfirmBatch {
confirms := k.GetBatchConfirmByNonceAndTokenContract(ctx, batch.BatchNonce, batch.TokenContract)
// bytes are incomparable in go, so we convert the sdk.ValAddr bytes to a string (note this is NOT bech32)
ret := make(map[string]types.MsgConfirmBatch)
for _, confirm := range confirms {
// TODO this presents problems for delegate key rotation see issue #344
confVal, err := sdk.AccAddressFromBech32(confirm.Orchestrator)
if err != nil {
panic(err)
}
val, foundValidator := k.GetOrchestratorValidator(ctx, confVal)
if !foundValidator {
panic("Confirm from validator we can't identify?")
}
ret[val.GetOperator().String()] = confirm
}
return ret
}
// batchSlashing slashes currently bonded validators who have not submitted batch
// signatures. This is distinct from validator sets, which includes unbonding validators
// because validator set updates must succeed as validators leave the set, batches will just be re-created
func batchSlashing(ctx sdk.Context, k keeper.Keeper, params types.Params) {
// We look through the full bonded set (the active set)
// and we slash users who haven't signed a batch confirmation that is >15hrs in blocks old
var maxHeight uint64
// don't slash in the beginning before there aren't even SignedBatchesWindow blocks yet
if uint64(ctx.BlockHeight()) > params.SignedBatchesWindow {
maxHeight = uint64(ctx.BlockHeight()) - params.SignedBatchesWindow
} else {
// we can't slash anyone if this window has not yet passed
return
}
currentBondedSet := k.StakingKeeper.GetBondedValidatorsByPower(ctx)
unslashedBatches := k.GetUnSlashedBatches(ctx, maxHeight)
for _, batch := range unslashedBatches {
// SLASH BONDED VALIDTORS who didn't attest batch requests
confirms := prepBatchConfirms(ctx, k, batch)
for _, val := range currentBondedSet {
consAddr, err := val.GetConsAddr()
if err != nil {
panic(err)
}
valSigningInfo, exist := k.SlashingKeeper.GetValidatorSigningInfo(ctx, consAddr)
// Don't slash validators who joined after batch is created
startedBeforeBatchCreated := valSigningInfo.StartHeight < int64(batch.Block)
if exist && startedBeforeBatchCreated {
// check if validator confirmed the batch
_, found := confirms[val.GetOperator().String()]
// slashing for not confirming the batch
if !found {
// refresh validator before slashing/jailing
val = updateValidator(ctx, k, val.GetOperator())
if !val.IsJailed() {
k.StakingKeeper.Slash(ctx, consAddr, ctx.BlockHeight(), val.ConsensusPower(sdk.DefaultPowerReduction), params.SlashFractionBatch)
ctx.EventManager().EmitEvent(
sdk.NewEvent(
sdk.EventTypeMessage,
sdk.NewAttribute("BatchSignatureSlashing", consAddr.String()),
),
)
k.StakingKeeper.Jail(ctx, consAddr)
}
}
}
}
// then we set the latest slashed batch block
k.SetLastSlashedBatchBlock(ctx, batch.Block)
}
}
// prepLogicCallConfirms loads all confirmations into a hashmap indexed by validatorAddr
// reducing the lookup time dramatically and separating out the task of looking up
// the orchestrator for each validator
func prepLogicCallConfirms(ctx sdk.Context, k keeper.Keeper, call types.OutgoingLogicCall) map[string]*types.MsgConfirmLogicCall {
confirms := k.GetLogicConfirmByInvalidationIDAndNonce(ctx, call.InvalidationId, call.InvalidationNonce)
// bytes are incomparable in go, so we convert the sdk.ValAddr bytes to a string (note this is NOT bech32)
ret := make(map[string]*types.MsgConfirmLogicCall)
for _, confirm := range confirms {
// TODO this presents problems for delegate key rotation see issue #344
confVal, err := sdk.AccAddressFromBech32(confirm.Orchestrator)
if err != nil {
panic(err)
}
val, foundValidator := k.GetOrchestratorValidator(ctx, confVal)
if !foundValidator {
panic("Confirm from validator we can't identify?")
}
ret[val.GetOperator().String()] = &confirm
}
return ret
}
// logicCallSlashing slashes currently bonded validators who have not submitted logicCall
// signatures. This is distinct from validator sets, which includes unbonding validators
// because validator set updates must succeed as validators leave the set, logicCalls will just be re-created
func logicCallSlashing(ctx sdk.Context, k keeper.Keeper, params types.Params) {
// We look through the full bonded set (the active set)
// and we slash users who haven't signed a batch confirmation that is >15hrs in blocks old
var maxHeight uint64
// don't slash in the beginning before there aren't even SignedBatchesWindow blocks yet
if uint64(ctx.BlockHeight()) > params.SignedLogicCallsWindow {
maxHeight = uint64(ctx.BlockHeight()) - params.SignedLogicCallsWindow
} else {
// we can't slash anyone if this window has not yet passed
return
}
currentBondedSet := k.StakingKeeper.GetBondedValidatorsByPower(ctx)
unslashedLogicCalls := k.GetUnSlashedLogicCalls(ctx, maxHeight)
for _, call := range unslashedLogicCalls {
// SLASH BONDED VALIDTORS who didn't attest batch requests
confirms := prepLogicCallConfirms(ctx, k, call)
for _, val := range currentBondedSet {
// Don't slash validators who joined after batch is created
consAddr, err := val.GetConsAddr()
if err != nil {
panic(err)
}
valSigningInfo, exist := k.SlashingKeeper.GetValidatorSigningInfo(ctx, consAddr)
startedBeforeCallCreated := valSigningInfo.StartHeight < int64(call.Block)
if exist && startedBeforeCallCreated {
// check that the validator confirmed the logic call
_, found := confirms[val.GetOperator().String()]
if !found {
// refresh validator before slashing/jailing
val = updateValidator(ctx, k, val.GetOperator())
if !val.IsJailed() {
k.StakingKeeper.Slash(ctx, consAddr, ctx.BlockHeight(), val.ConsensusPower(sdk.DefaultPowerReduction), params.SlashFractionLogicCall)
ctx.EventManager().EmitEvent(
sdk.NewEvent(
sdk.EventTypeMessage,
sdk.NewAttribute("LogicCallSignatureSlashing", consAddr.String()),
),
)
k.StakingKeeper.Jail(ctx, consAddr)
}
}
}
}
// then we set the latest slashed logic call block
k.SetLastSlashedLogicCallBlock(ctx, call.Block)
}
}
// Iterate over all attestations currently being voted on in order of nonce
// and prune those that are older than the current nonce and no longer have any
// use. This could be combined with create attestation and save some computation
// but (A) pruning keeps the iteration small in the first place and (B) there is
// already enough nuance in the other handler that it's best not to complicate it further
func pruneAttestations(ctx sdk.Context, k keeper.Keeper) {
attmap, keys := k.GetAttestationMapping(ctx)
// we delete all attestations earlier than the current event nonce
// minus some buffer value. This buffer value is purely to allow
// frontends and other UI components to view recent oracle history
const eventsToKeep = 1000
lastNonce := uint64(k.GetLastObservedEventNonce(ctx))
var cutoff uint64
if lastNonce <= eventsToKeep {
return
} else {
cutoff = lastNonce - eventsToKeep
}
// This iterates over all keys (event nonces) in the attestation mapping. Each value contains
// a slice with one or more attestations at that event nonce. There can be multiple attestations
// at one event nonce when validators disagree about what event happened at that nonce.
for _, nonce := range keys {
// This iterates over all attestations at a particular event nonce.
// They are ordered by when the first attestation at the event nonce was received.
// This order is not important.
for _, att := range attmap[nonce] {
// delete all before the cutoff
if nonce < cutoff {
k.DeleteAttestation(ctx, att)
}
}
}
}