With platform specific installers for Git, GitHub also provides the ease of staying up-to-date with the latest releases of the command line tool while providing a graphical user interface for day-to-day interaction, review, and repository synchronization.
https://windows.github.com
https://mac.github.com
For Linux and Solaris platforms, the latest release is available on the official Git web site.
http://git-scm.com
Configuring user information used across all local repositories
git config --global user.name “[firstname lastname]”
set a name that is identifiable for credit when review version history
git config --global user.email “[valid-email]”
set an email address that will be associated with each history marker
git config --global color.ui auto
set automatic command line coloring for Git for easy reviewing
Configuring user information, initializing and cloning repositories
initialize an existing directory as a Git repository
retrieve an entire repository from a hosted location via URL
Working with snapshots and the Git staging area
show modified files in working directory, staged for your next commit
add a file as it looks now to your next commit (stage)
unstage a file while retaining the changes in working directory
diff of what is changed but not staged
diff of what is staged but not yet commited
git commit -m “[descriptive message]”
commit your staged content as a new commit snapshot
Isolating work in branches, changing context, and integrating changes
list your branches. a * will appear next to the currently active branch
create a new branch at the current commit
switch to another branch and check it out into your working directory
merge the specified branch’s history into the current one
show all commits in the current branch’s history
Examining logs, diffs and object information
show the commit history for the currently active branch
show the commits on branchA that are not on branchB
show the commits that changed file, even across renames
git diff branchB...branchA
show the diff of what is in branchA that is not in branchB
show any object in Git in human-readable format
Versioning file removes and path changes
delete the file from project and stage the removal for commit
git mv [existing-path] [new-path]
change an existing file path and stage the move
show all commit logs with indication of any paths that moved
Preventing unintentional staging or commiting of files
git config --global core.excludesfile [file]
system wide ignore patern for all local repositories
Save a file with desired paterns as .gitignore with either direct string matches or wildcard globs
Retrieving updates from another repository and updating local repos
git remote add [alias] [url]
add a git URL as an alias
fetch down all the branches from that Git remote
git merge [alias]/[branch]
merge a remote branch into your current branch to bring it up to date
git push [alias] [branch]
Transmit local branch commits to the remote repository branch
fetch and merge any commits from the tracking remote branch
Rewriting branches, updating commits and clearing history
apply any commits of current branch ahead of specified one
git reset --hard [commit]
clear staging area, rewrite working tree from specified commit
Temporarily store modified, tracked files in order to change branches
Save modified and staged changes
list stack-order of stashed file changes
write working from top of stash stack
discard the changes from top of stash stack