diff --git a/src/connector/src/parser/protobuf/parser.rs b/src/connector/src/parser/protobuf/parser.rs
index bb72470c61336..8e3d5f384242d 100644
--- a/src/connector/src/parser/protobuf/parser.rs
+++ b/src/connector/src/parser/protobuf/parser.rs
@@ -123,8 +123,13 @@ impl ProtobufParserConfig {
     pub fn map_to_columns(&self) -> Result<Vec<ColumnDesc>> {
         let mut columns = Vec::with_capacity(self.message_descriptor.fields().len());
         let mut index = 0;
+        let mut parse_trace: Vec<String> = vec![];
         for field in self.message_descriptor.fields() {
-            columns.push(Self::pb_field_to_col_desc(&field, &mut index)?);
+            columns.push(Self::pb_field_to_col_desc(
+                &field,
+                &mut index,
+                &mut parse_trace,
+            )?);
         }
 
         Ok(columns)
@@ -134,14 +139,15 @@ impl ProtobufParserConfig {
     fn pb_field_to_col_desc(
         field_descriptor: &FieldDescriptor,
         index: &mut i32,
+        parse_trace: &mut Vec<String>,
     ) -> Result<ColumnDesc> {
-        let field_type = protobuf_type_mapping(field_descriptor)?;
+        let field_type = protobuf_type_mapping(field_descriptor, parse_trace)?;
         if let Kind::Message(m) = field_descriptor.kind() {
             let field_descs = if let DataType::List { .. } = field_type {
                 vec![]
             } else {
                 m.fields()
-                    .map(|f| Self::pb_field_to_col_desc(&f, index))
+                    .map(|f| Self::pb_field_to_col_desc(&f, index, parse_trace))
                     .collect::<Result<Vec<_>>>()?
             };
             *index += 1;
@@ -219,6 +225,20 @@ impl ProtobufParser {
     }
 }
 
+fn detect_loop_and_push(trace: &mut Vec<String>, fd: &FieldDescriptor) -> Result<()> {
+    let identifier = format!("{}({})", fd.name(), fd.full_name());
+    if trace.iter().any(|s| s == identifier.as_str()) {
+        return Err(RwError::from(ProtocolError(format!(
+            "circular reference detected: {}, conflict with {}, kind {:?}",
+            trace.iter().join("->"),
+            identifier,
+            fd.kind(),
+        ))));
+    }
+    trace.push(identifier);
+    Ok(())
+}
+
 impl ByteStreamSourceParser for ProtobufParser {
     fn columns(&self) -> &[SourceColumnDesc] {
         &self.rw_columns
@@ -302,7 +322,11 @@ fn from_protobuf_value(field_desc: &FieldDescriptor, value: &Value) -> Result<Da
 }
 
 /// Maps protobuf type to RW type.
-fn protobuf_type_mapping(field_descriptor: &FieldDescriptor) -> Result<DataType> {
+fn protobuf_type_mapping(
+    field_descriptor: &FieldDescriptor,
+    parse_trace: &mut Vec<String>,
+) -> Result<DataType> {
+    detect_loop_and_push(parse_trace, field_descriptor)?;
     let field_type = field_descriptor.kind();
     let mut t = match field_type {
         Kind::Bool => DataType::Boolean,
@@ -317,7 +341,7 @@ fn protobuf_type_mapping(field_descriptor: &FieldDescriptor) -> Result<DataType>
         Kind::Message(m) => {
             let fields = m
                 .fields()
-                .map(|f| protobuf_type_mapping(&f))
+                .map(|f| protobuf_type_mapping(&f, parse_trace))
                 .collect::<Result<Vec<_>>>()?;
             let field_names = m.fields().map(|f| f.name().to_string()).collect_vec();
             DataType::new_struct(fields, field_names)
@@ -334,6 +358,7 @@ fn protobuf_type_mapping(field_descriptor: &FieldDescriptor) -> Result<DataType>
     if field_descriptor.cardinality() == Cardinality::Repeated {
         t = DataType::List(Box::new(t))
     }
+    _ = parse_trace.pop();
     Ok(t)
 }
 
@@ -456,4 +481,21 @@ mod test {
         );
         Ok(())
     }
+
+    #[tokio::test]
+    async fn test_refuse_recursive_proto_message() {
+        let location = schema_dir() + "/proto_recursive/recursive.pb";
+        let message_name = "recursive.ComplexRecursiveMessage";
+        let conf = ProtobufParserConfig::new(&HashMap::new(), &location, message_name, false)
+            .await
+            .unwrap();
+        let columns = conf.map_to_columns();
+        // expect error message:
+        // "Err(Protocol error: circular reference detected:
+        // parent(recursive.ComplexRecursiveMessage.parent)->siblings(recursive.
+        // ComplexRecursiveMessage.Parent.siblings), conflict with
+        // parent(recursive.ComplexRecursiveMessage.parent), kind
+        // recursive.ComplexRecursiveMessage.Parent"
+        assert!(columns.is_err());
+    }
 }
diff --git a/src/connector/src/test_data/proto_recursive/recursive.pb b/src/connector/src/test_data/proto_recursive/recursive.pb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000..85912baa4e804
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/connector/src/test_data/proto_recursive/recursive.pb
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+
+‡
+recursive.proto	recursive"à
+ComplexRecursiveMessage
+	node_name
 
(	RnodeName
+node_id 
(RnodeIdM
+
+attributes (2-.recursive.ComplexRecursiveMessage.AttributesR
+attributesA
+parent 
(2).recursive.ComplexRecursiveMessage.ParentRparent>
+children (2".recursive.ComplexRecursiveMessageRchildren4
+
+Attributes
+key
 
(	Rkey
+value 
(	Rvalue†

+Parent
+parent_name
 
(	R
+parentName
+	parent_id 
(RparentId>
+siblings (2".recursive.ComplexRecursiveMessageRsiblingsbproto3
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/src/connector/src/test_data/proto_recursive/recursive.proto b/src/connector/src/test_data/proto_recursive/recursive.proto
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000..657de75532ba5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/connector/src/test_data/proto_recursive/recursive.proto
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+syntax = "proto3";
+
+package recursive;
+
+message ComplexRecursiveMessage {
+  string node_name = 1;
+  int32 node_id = 2;
+
+  message Attributes {
+    string key = 1;
+    string value = 2;
+  }
+
+  repeated Attributes attributes = 3;
+
+  message Parent {
+    string parent_name = 1;
+    int32 parent_id = 2;
+    repeated ComplexRecursiveMessage siblings = 3;
+  }
+
+  Parent parent = 4;
+  repeated ComplexRecursiveMessage children = 5;
+}
+