diff --git a/src/sail_lean_backend/pretty_print_lean.ml b/src/sail_lean_backend/pretty_print_lean.ml
index 2d3dd7312..21275d883 100644
--- a/src/sail_lean_backend/pretty_print_lean.ml
+++ b/src/sail_lean_backend/pretty_print_lean.ml
@@ -21,13 +21,7 @@ type context = {
   kid_id_renames_rev : kid Bindings.t;  (** Inverse of the [kid_id_renames] mapping. *)
 }
 
-let initial_context env =
-  {
-    global = { effect_info = Effects.empty_side_effect_info };
-    env;
-    kid_id_renames = KBindings.empty;
-    kid_id_renames_rev = Bindings.empty;
-  }
+let initial_context env global = { global; env; kid_id_renames = KBindings.empty; kid_id_renames_rev = Bindings.empty }
 
 let add_single_kid_id_rename ctx id kid =
   let kir =
@@ -379,7 +373,7 @@ and doc_exp (as_monadic : bool) ctx (E_aux (e, (l, annot)) as full_exp) =
         begin
           match pat with
           | P_aux (P_typ (_, P_aux (P_wild, _)), _) -> string ""
-          | _ -> flow (break 1) [string "let"; e0; string "←"] ^^ space
+          | _ -> flow (break 1) [string "let"; e0; string ":="] ^^ space
         end
       in
       nest 2 (e0_pp ^^ e1_pp) ^^ hardline ^^ e2_pp
@@ -390,12 +384,15 @@ and doc_exp (as_monadic : bool) ctx (E_aux (e, (l, annot)) as full_exp) =
       in
       let d_args = List.map d_of_arg args in
       let fn_monadic = not (Effects.function_is_pure f ctx.global.effect_info) in
-      nest 2 (wrap_with_pure (as_monadic && fn_monadic) (parens (flow (break 1) (d_id :: d_args))))
+      nest 2
+        (wrap_with_left_arrow ((not as_monadic) && fn_monadic)
+           (wrap_with_pure (as_monadic && not fn_monadic) (parens (flow (break 1) (d_id :: d_args))))
+        )
   | E_vector vals ->
       string "#v" ^^ wrap_with_pure as_monadic (brackets (nest 2 (flow (comma ^^ break 1) (List.map d_of_arg vals))))
   | E_typ (typ, e) ->
       if effectful (effect_of e) then
-        parens (separate space [doc_exp false ctx e; colon; string "SailM"; doc_typ ctx typ])
+        parens (separate space [doc_exp as_monadic ctx e; colon; string "SailM"; doc_typ ctx typ])
       else wrap_with_pure as_monadic (parens (separate space [doc_exp false ctx e; colon; doc_typ ctx typ]))
   | E_tuple es -> wrap_with_pure as_monadic (parens (separate_map (comma ^^ space) d_of_arg es))
   | E_let (LB_aux (LB_val (lpat, lexp), _), e) ->
@@ -455,7 +452,7 @@ let doc_binder ctx i t =
   let ctx = match captured_typ_var (i, t) with Some (i, ki) -> add_single_kid_id_rename ctx i ki | _ -> ctx in
   (ctx, separate space [string (string_of_id i); colon; doc_typ ctx t] |> paranthesizer)
 
-let doc_funcl_init (FCL_aux (FCL_funcl (id, pexp), annot)) =
+let doc_funcl_init global (FCL_aux (FCL_funcl (id, pexp), annot)) =
   let env = env_of_tannot (snd annot) in
   let TypQ_aux (tq, l), typ = Env.get_val_spec_orig id env in
   let arg_typs, ret_typ, _ =
@@ -474,7 +471,7 @@ let doc_funcl_init (FCL_aux (FCL_funcl (id, pexp), annot)) =
            | _ -> failwith "Argument pattern not translatable yet."
        )
   in
-  let ctx = initial_context env in
+  let ctx = initial_context env global in
   let ctx, binders =
     List.fold_left
       (fun (ctx, bs) (i, t) ->
@@ -503,7 +500,7 @@ let doc_funcl_init (FCL_aux (FCL_funcl (id, pexp), annot)) =
     fixup_binders
   )
 
-let doc_funcl_body fixup_binders (FCL_aux (FCL_funcl (id, pexp), annot)) =
+let doc_funcl_body fixup_binders global (FCL_aux (FCL_funcl (id, pexp), annot)) =
   let env = env_of_tannot (snd annot) in
   let ctx = initial_context env in
   let _, _, exp, _ = destruct_pexp pexp in
@@ -511,11 +508,11 @@ let doc_funcl_body fixup_binders (FCL_aux (FCL_funcl (id, pexp), annot)) =
      this adds a let binding at the beginning of the function, of the form [let x := (arg0, arg1)] *)
   let exp = fixup_binders exp in
   let is_monadic = effectful (effect_of exp) in
-  doc_exp is_monadic (initial_context env) exp
+  doc_exp is_monadic (initial_context env global) exp
 
 let doc_funcl ctx funcl =
-  let comment, signature, env, fixup_binders = doc_funcl_init funcl in
-  comment ^^ nest 2 (signature ^^ hardline ^^ doc_funcl_body fixup_binders funcl)
+  let comment, signature, env, fixup_binders = doc_funcl_init ctx.global funcl in
+  comment ^^ nest 2 (signature ^^ hardline ^^ doc_funcl_body fixup_binders ctx.global funcl)
 
 let doc_fundef ctx (FD_aux (FD_function (r, typa, fcls), fannot)) =
   match fcls with
@@ -642,8 +639,8 @@ let inhabit_enum ctx typ_map =
     )
     typ_map
 
-let doc_reg_info env registers =
-  let ctx = initial_context env in
+let doc_reg_info env global registers =
+  let ctx = initial_context env global in
 
   let type_map = List.fold_left add_reg_typ Bindings.empty registers in
   let type_map = Bindings.bindings type_map in
@@ -660,10 +657,11 @@ let doc_reg_info env registers =
       empty;
     ]
 
-let pp_ast_lean (env : Type_check.env) ({ defs; _ } as ast : Libsail.Type_check.typed_ast) o =
+let pp_ast_lean (env : Type_check.env) effect_info ({ defs; _ } as ast : Libsail.Type_check.typed_ast) o =
   let defs = remove_imports defs 0 in
   let regs = State.find_registers defs in
-  let register_refs = match regs with [] -> empty | _ -> doc_reg_info env regs in
-  let types, fundefs = doc_defs (initial_context env) defs in
+  let global = { effect_info } in
+  let register_refs = match regs with [] -> empty | _ -> doc_reg_info env global regs in
+  let types, fundefs = doc_defs (initial_context env global) defs in
   print o (types ^^ register_refs ^^ fundefs);
   ()
diff --git a/src/sail_lean_backend/sail_plugin_lean.ml b/src/sail_lean_backend/sail_plugin_lean.ml
index 9217b9706..32666d12b 100644
--- a/src/sail_lean_backend/sail_plugin_lean.ml
+++ b/src/sail_lean_backend/sail_plugin_lean.ml
@@ -190,15 +190,15 @@ let create_lake_project (out_name : string) default_sail_dir =
   output_string project_main "open Sail\n\n";
   project_main
 
-let output (out_name : string) env ast default_sail_dir =
+let output (out_name : string) env effect_info ast default_sail_dir =
   let project_main = create_lake_project out_name default_sail_dir in
   (* Uncomment for debug output of the Sail code after the rewrite passes *)
   (* Pretty_print_sail.output_ast stdout (Type_check.strip_ast ast); *)
-  Pretty_print_lean.pp_ast_lean env ast project_main;
+  Pretty_print_lean.pp_ast_lean env effect_info ast project_main;
   close_out project_main
 
 let lean_target out_name { default_sail_dir; ctx; ast; effect_info; env; _ } =
   let out_name = match out_name with Some f -> f | None -> "out" in
-  output out_name env ast default_sail_dir
+  output out_name env effect_info ast default_sail_dir
 
 let _ = Target.register ~name:"lean" ~options:lean_options ~rewrites:lean_rewrites ~asserts_termination:true lean_target
diff --git a/test/lean/bitfield.expected.lean b/test/lean/bitfield.expected.lean
index 40b741b78..ba2722f7b 100644
--- a/test/lean/bitfield.expected.lean
+++ b/test/lean/bitfield.expected.lean
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ def _update_cr_type_bits (v : (BitVec 8)) (x : (BitVec 8)) : (BitVec 8) :=
   (Sail.BitVec.updateSubrange v (HSub.hSub 8 1) 0 x)
 
 def _set_cr_type_bits (r_ref : RegisterRef RegisterType (BitVec 8)) (v : (BitVec 8)) : SailM Unit := do
-  let r ← (reg_deref r_ref)
+  let r := (← (reg_deref r_ref))
   writeRegRef r_ref (_update_cr_type_bits r v)
 
 def _get_cr_type_CR0 (v : (BitVec 8)) : (BitVec 4) :=
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ def _update_cr_type_CR0 (v : (BitVec 8)) (x : (BitVec 4)) : (BitVec 8) :=
   (Sail.BitVec.updateSubrange v 7 4 x)
 
 def _set_cr_type_CR0 (r_ref : RegisterRef RegisterType (BitVec 8)) (v : (BitVec 4)) : SailM Unit := do
-  let r ← (reg_deref r_ref)
+  let r := (← (reg_deref r_ref))
   writeRegRef r_ref (_update_cr_type_CR0 r v)
 
 def _get_cr_type_CR1 (v : (BitVec 8)) : (BitVec 2) :=
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ def _update_cr_type_CR1 (v : (BitVec 8)) (x : (BitVec 2)) : (BitVec 8) :=
   (Sail.BitVec.updateSubrange v 3 2 x)
 
 def _set_cr_type_CR1 (r_ref : RegisterRef RegisterType (BitVec 8)) (v : (BitVec 2)) : SailM Unit := do
-  let r ← (reg_deref r_ref)
+  let r := (← (reg_deref r_ref))
   writeRegRef r_ref (_update_cr_type_CR1 r v)
 
 def _get_cr_type_CR3 (v : (BitVec 8)) : (BitVec 2) :=
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ def _update_cr_type_CR3 (v : (BitVec 8)) (x : (BitVec 2)) : (BitVec 8) :=
   (Sail.BitVec.updateSubrange v 1 0 x)
 
 def _set_cr_type_CR3 (r_ref : RegisterRef RegisterType (BitVec 8)) (v : (BitVec 2)) : SailM Unit := do
-  let r ← (reg_deref r_ref)
+  let r := (← (reg_deref r_ref))
   writeRegRef r_ref (_update_cr_type_CR3 r v)
 
 def _get_cr_type_GT (v : (BitVec 8)) : (BitVec 1) :=
@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ def _update_cr_type_GT (v : (BitVec 8)) (x : (BitVec 1)) : (BitVec 8) :=
   (Sail.BitVec.updateSubrange v 6 6 x)
 
 def _set_cr_type_GT (r_ref : RegisterRef RegisterType (BitVec 8)) (v : (BitVec 1)) : SailM Unit := do
-  let r ← (reg_deref r_ref)
+  let r := (← (reg_deref r_ref))
   writeRegRef r_ref (_update_cr_type_GT r v)
 
 def _get_cr_type_LT (v : (BitVec 8)) : (BitVec 1) :=
@@ -81,9 +81,9 @@ def _update_cr_type_LT (v : (BitVec 8)) (x : (BitVec 1)) : (BitVec 8) :=
   (Sail.BitVec.updateSubrange v 7 7 x)
 
 def _set_cr_type_LT (r_ref : RegisterRef RegisterType (BitVec 8)) (v : (BitVec 1)) : SailM Unit := do
-  let r ← (reg_deref r_ref)
+  let r := (← (reg_deref r_ref))
   writeRegRef r_ref (_update_cr_type_LT r v)
 
 def initialize_registers : SailM Unit := do
-  writeReg R (undefined_cr_type ())
+  writeReg R (← (undefined_cr_type ()))
 
diff --git a/test/lean/struct.expected.lean b/test/lean/struct.expected.lean
index f4703e14c..48168af0b 100644
--- a/test/lean/struct.expected.lean
+++ b/test/lean/struct.expected.lean
@@ -6,6 +6,20 @@ structure My_struct where
   field1 : Int
   field2 : (BitVec 1)
 
+inductive Register : Type where
+  | r
+  deriving DecidableEq, Hashable
+open Register
+
+abbrev RegisterType : Register → Type
+  | .r => My_struct
+
+abbrev SailM := PreSailM RegisterType
+
+open RegisterRef
+instance : Inhabited (RegisterRef RegisterType My_struct) where
+  default := .Reg r
+
 def undefined_My_struct (lit : Unit) : SailM My_struct := do
   (pure { field1 := (← sorry)
           field2 := (← sorry) })
@@ -28,6 +42,6 @@ def mk_struct (i : Int) (b : (BitVec 1)) : My_struct :=
 def undef_struct (x : (BitVec 1)) : SailM My_struct := do
   ((undefined_My_struct ()) : SailM My_struct)
 
-def initialize_registers : Unit :=
-  ()
+def initialize_registers : SailM Unit := do
+  writeReg r (← (undefined_My_struct ()))
 
diff --git a/test/lean/struct.sail b/test/lean/struct.sail
index d99b68aa6..25df1168a 100644
--- a/test/lean/struct.sail
+++ b/test/lean/struct.sail
@@ -7,6 +7,8 @@ struct My_struct = {
   field2 : bit,
 }
 
+register r : My_struct
+
 val struct_field2 : My_struct -> bit
 function struct_field2(s) = {
   s.field2