diff --git a/docs/history/hatch.md b/docs/history/hatch.md
index 04d4749a8..4408e3405 100644
--- a/docs/history/hatch.md
+++ b/docs/history/hatch.md
@@ -25,6 +25,7 @@ The format is based on [Keep a Changelog](https://keepachangelog.com/en/1.0.0/),
 - Read configuration from any `~/.pypirc` file for the `index` publisher
 - Use the Git user as the default username for new project URL metadata
 - Add `HATCH_DEBUG` environment variable that when enabled will show local variables in the case of unhandled tracebacks
+- The `env show` command now outputs data about all internal environments when using the `--json` flag
 - Upgrade default CPython distributions to 20240415
 - Upgrade default PyPy distributions to 7.3.15
 - Upgrade Ruff to 0.4.1
diff --git a/src/hatch/cli/env/show.py b/src/hatch/cli/env/show.py
index a93834dc9..8ec89fec1 100644
--- a/src/hatch/cli/env/show.py
+++ b/src/hatch/cli/env/show.py
@@ -29,49 +29,43 @@ def show(
 
     from hatch.config.constants import AppEnvVars
 
-    if internal:
-        target_standalone_envs = app.project.config.internal_envs
-        target_matrices = app.project.config.internal_matrices
-    else:
-        target_standalone_envs = app.project.config.envs
-        target_matrices = app.project.config.matrices
-
     if as_json:
         import json
 
         contextual_config = {}
-        for env_name, config in target_standalone_envs.items():
-            environment = app.get_environment(env_name)
-            new_config = contextual_config[env_name] = dict(config)
-
-            env_vars = dict(environment.env_vars)
-            env_vars.pop(AppEnvVars.ENV_ACTIVE)
-            if env_vars:
-                new_config['env-vars'] = env_vars
-
-            num_dependencies = len(config.get('dependencies', []))
-            dependencies = environment.environment_dependencies[:num_dependencies]
-            if dependencies:
-                new_config['dependencies'] = dependencies
-
-            extra_dependencies = environment.environment_dependencies[num_dependencies:]
-            if extra_dependencies:
-                new_config['extra-dependencies'] = extra_dependencies
-
-            if environment.pre_install_commands:
-                new_config['pre-install-commands'] = list(
-                    environment.resolve_commands(environment.pre_install_commands)
-                )
-
-            if environment.post_install_commands:
-                new_config['post-install-commands'] = list(
-                    environment.resolve_commands(environment.post_install_commands)
-                )
-
-            if environment.scripts:
-                new_config['scripts'] = {
-                    script: list(environment.resolve_commands([script])) for script in environment.scripts
-                }
+        for environments in (app.project.config.envs, app.project.config.internal_envs):
+            for env_name, config in environments.items():
+                environment = app.get_environment(env_name)
+                new_config = contextual_config[env_name] = dict(config)
+
+                env_vars = dict(environment.env_vars)
+                env_vars.pop(AppEnvVars.ENV_ACTIVE)
+                if env_vars:
+                    new_config['env-vars'] = env_vars
+
+                num_dependencies = len(config.get('dependencies', []))
+                dependencies = environment.environment_dependencies[:num_dependencies]
+                if dependencies:
+                    new_config['dependencies'] = dependencies
+
+                extra_dependencies = environment.environment_dependencies[num_dependencies:]
+                if extra_dependencies:
+                    new_config['extra-dependencies'] = extra_dependencies
+
+                if environment.pre_install_commands:
+                    new_config['pre-install-commands'] = list(
+                        environment.resolve_commands(environment.pre_install_commands)
+                    )
+
+                if environment.post_install_commands:
+                    new_config['post-install-commands'] = list(
+                        environment.resolve_commands(environment.post_install_commands)
+                    )
+
+                if environment.scripts:
+                    new_config['scripts'] = {
+                        script: list(environment.resolve_commands([script])) for script in environment.scripts
+                    }
 
         app.display(json.dumps(contextual_config, separators=(',', ':')))
         return
@@ -80,6 +74,13 @@ def show(
 
     from hatchling.metadata.utils import get_normalized_dependency, normalize_project_name
 
+    if internal:
+        target_standalone_envs = app.project.config.internal_envs
+        target_matrices = app.project.config.internal_matrices
+    else:
+        target_standalone_envs = app.project.config.envs
+        target_matrices = app.project.config.matrices
+
     for env_name in envs:
         if env_name not in target_standalone_envs and env_name not in target_matrices:
             app.abort(f'Environment `{env_name}` is not defined by project config')
diff --git a/tests/cli/env/test_show.py b/tests/cli/env/test_show.py
index eba80cac0..e7c3e0956 100644
--- a/tests/cli/env/test_show.py
+++ b/tests/cli/env/test_show.py
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+import json
 import os
 
 import pytest
@@ -45,7 +46,7 @@ def test_default(hatch, helpers, temp_dir, config_file):
     )
 
 
-def test_default_as_json(hatch, helpers, temp_dir, config_file):
+def test_default_as_json(hatch, temp_dir, config_file):
     config_file.model.template.plugins['default']['tests'] = False
     config_file.save()
 
@@ -64,11 +65,20 @@ def test_default_as_json(hatch, helpers, temp_dir, config_file):
         result = hatch('env', 'show', '--json')
 
     assert result.exit_code == 0, result.output
-    assert helpers.remove_trailing_spaces(result.output) == helpers.dedent(
-        """
-        {"default":{"type":"virtual"}}
-        """
-    )
+
+    environments = json.loads(result.output)
+    assert list(environments) == [
+        'default',
+        'hatch-build',
+        'hatch-static-analysis',
+        'hatch-test.py3.12',
+        'hatch-test.py3.11',
+        'hatch-test.py3.10',
+        'hatch-test.py3.9',
+        'hatch-test.py3.8',
+        'hatch-uv',
+    ]
+    assert environments['default'] == {'type': 'virtual'}
 
 
 def test_single_only(hatch, helpers, temp_dir, config_file):