diff --git a/nano/core_test/active_transactions.cpp b/nano/core_test/active_transactions.cpp
index dc8e363608..6a236d3013 100644
--- a/nano/core_test/active_transactions.cpp
+++ b/nano/core_test/active_transactions.cpp
@@ -365,7 +365,7 @@ TEST (inactive_votes_cache, existing_vote)
 	ASSERT_EQ (send->hash (), last_vote1.hash);
 	ASSERT_EQ (nano::vote::timestamp_min * 1, last_vote1.timestamp);
 	// Attempt to change vote with inactive_votes_cache
-	node.vote_cache.vote (vote1);
+	node.vote_cache.insert (vote1);
 	auto cached = node.vote_cache.find (send->hash ());
 	ASSERT_EQ (1, cached.size ());
 	for (auto const & cached_vote : cached)
@@ -1535,7 +1535,7 @@ TEST (active_transactions, allow_limited_overflow)
 	{
 		// Non-final vote, so it stays in the AEC without getting confirmed
 		auto vote = nano::test::make_vote (nano::dev::genesis_key, { block });
-		node.vote_cache.vote (vote);
+		node.vote_cache.insert (vote);
 	}
 
 	// Ensure active elections overfill AEC only up to normal + hinted limit
@@ -1573,7 +1573,7 @@ TEST (active_transactions, allow_limited_overflow_adapt)
 	{
 		// Non-final vote, so it stays in the AEC without getting confirmed
 		auto vote = nano::test::make_vote (nano::dev::genesis_key, { block });
-		node.vote_cache.vote (vote);
+		node.vote_cache.insert (vote);
 	}
 
 	// Ensure hinted election amount is bounded by hinted limit
diff --git a/nano/core_test/vote_cache.cpp b/nano/core_test/vote_cache.cpp
index fea239bf48..711f8a31b4 100644
--- a/nano/core_test/vote_cache.cpp
+++ b/nano/core_test/vote_cache.cpp
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ TEST (vote_cache, insert_one_hash)
 	auto rep1 = create_rep (7);
 	auto hash1 = nano::test::random_hash ();
 	auto vote1 = nano::test::make_vote (rep1, { hash1 }, 1024 * 1024);
-	vote_cache.vote (vote1);
+	vote_cache.insert (vote1);
 	ASSERT_EQ (1, vote_cache.size ());
 
 	auto peek1 = vote_cache.find (hash1);
@@ -88,9 +88,9 @@ TEST (vote_cache, insert_one_hash_many_votes)
 	auto vote1 = nano::test::make_vote (rep1, { hash1 }, 1 * 1024 * 1024);
 	auto vote2 = nano::test::make_vote (rep2, { hash1 }, 2 * 1024 * 1024);
 	auto vote3 = nano::test::make_vote (rep3, { hash1 }, 3 * 1024 * 1024);
-	vote_cache.vote (vote1);
-	vote_cache.vote (vote2);
-	vote_cache.vote (vote3);
+	vote_cache.insert (vote1);
+	vote_cache.insert (vote2);
+	vote_cache.insert (vote3);
 
 	ASSERT_EQ (1, vote_cache.size ());
 	auto peek1 = vote_cache.find (hash1);
@@ -132,9 +132,9 @@ TEST (vote_cache, insert_many_hashes_many_votes)
 	auto vote3 = nano::test::make_vote (rep3, { hash3 }, 1024 * 1024);
 	auto vote4 = nano::test::make_vote (rep4, { hash1 }, 1024 * 1024);
 	// Insert first 3 votes in cache
-	vote_cache.vote (vote1);
-	vote_cache.vote (vote2);
-	vote_cache.vote (vote3);
+	vote_cache.insert (vote1);
+	vote_cache.insert (vote2);
+	vote_cache.insert (vote3);
 	// Ensure all of those are properly inserted
 	ASSERT_EQ (3, vote_cache.size ());
 	ASSERT_EQ (1, vote_cache.find (hash1).size ());
@@ -152,7 +152,7 @@ TEST (vote_cache, insert_many_hashes_many_votes)
 	ASSERT_EQ (peek1.front (), vote3);
 
 	// Now add a vote from rep4 with the highest voting weight
-	vote_cache.vote (vote4);
+	vote_cache.insert (vote4);
 
 	// Ensure that the first entry in queue is now the one for hash1 (rep1 + rep4 tally weight)
 	auto tops2 = vote_cache.top (0);
@@ -195,8 +195,8 @@ TEST (vote_cache, insert_duplicate)
 	auto rep1 = create_rep (9);
 	auto vote1 = nano::test::make_vote (rep1, { hash1 }, 1 * 1024 * 1024);
 	auto vote2 = nano::test::make_vote (rep1, { hash1 }, 1 * 1024 * 1024);
-	vote_cache.vote (vote1);
-	vote_cache.vote (vote2);
+	vote_cache.insert (vote1);
+	vote_cache.insert (vote2);
 	ASSERT_EQ (1, vote_cache.size ());
 }
 
@@ -212,12 +212,12 @@ TEST (vote_cache, insert_newer)
 	auto hash1 = nano::test::random_hash ();
 	auto rep1 = create_rep (9);
 	auto vote1 = nano::test::make_vote (rep1, { hash1 }, 1 * 1024 * 1024);
-	vote_cache.vote (vote1);
+	vote_cache.insert (vote1);
 	auto peek1 = vote_cache.find (hash1);
 	ASSERT_EQ (peek1.size (), 1);
 	ASSERT_EQ (peek1.front (), vote1);
 	auto vote2 = nano::test::make_final_vote (rep1, { hash1 });
-	vote_cache.vote (vote2);
+	vote_cache.insert (vote2);
 	auto peek2 = vote_cache.find (hash1);
 	ASSERT_EQ (peek2.size (), 1);
 	ASSERT_EQ (peek2.front (), vote2); // vote2 should replace vote1 as it has a higher timestamp
@@ -235,12 +235,12 @@ TEST (vote_cache, insert_older)
 	auto hash1 = nano::test::random_hash ();
 	auto rep1 = create_rep (9);
 	auto vote1 = nano::test::make_vote (rep1, { hash1 }, 2 * 1024 * 1024);
-	vote_cache.vote (vote1);
+	vote_cache.insert (vote1);
 	auto peek1 = vote_cache.find (hash1);
 	ASSERT_EQ (peek1.size (), 1);
 	ASSERT_EQ (peek1.front (), vote1);
 	auto vote2 = nano::test::make_vote (rep1, { hash1 }, 1 * 1024 * 1024);
-	vote_cache.vote (vote2);
+	vote_cache.insert (vote2);
 	auto peek2 = vote_cache.find (hash1);
 	ASSERT_EQ (peek2.size (), 1);
 	ASSERT_EQ (peek2.front (), vote1); // vote1 should still be in cache as it has a higher timestamp
@@ -265,9 +265,9 @@ TEST (vote_cache, erase)
 	auto vote1 = nano::test::make_vote (rep1, { hash1 }, 1024 * 1024);
 	auto vote2 = nano::test::make_vote (rep2, { hash2 }, 1024 * 1024);
 	auto vote3 = nano::test::make_vote (rep3, { hash3 }, 1024 * 1024);
-	vote_cache.vote (vote1);
-	vote_cache.vote (vote2);
-	vote_cache.vote (vote3);
+	vote_cache.insert (vote1);
+	vote_cache.insert (vote2);
+	vote_cache.insert (vote3);
 	ASSERT_EQ (3, vote_cache.size ());
 	ASSERT_FALSE (vote_cache.empty ());
 	ASSERT_FALSE (vote_cache.find (hash1).empty ());
@@ -304,7 +304,7 @@ TEST (vote_cache, overfill)
 		auto rep1 = create_rep (count - n);
 		auto hash1 = nano::test::random_hash ();
 		auto vote1 = nano::test::make_vote (rep1, { hash1 }, 1024 * 1024);
-		vote_cache.vote (vote1);
+		vote_cache.insert (vote1);
 	}
 	ASSERT_LT (vote_cache.size (), count);
 	// Check that oldest votes are dropped first
@@ -328,7 +328,7 @@ TEST (vote_cache, overfill_entry)
 	{
 		auto rep1 = create_rep (9);
 		auto vote1 = nano::test::make_vote (rep1, { hash1 }, 1024 * 1024);
-		vote_cache.vote (vote1);
+		vote_cache.insert (vote1);
 	}
 	ASSERT_EQ (1, vote_cache.size ());
 }
@@ -344,7 +344,7 @@ TEST (vote_cache, age_cutoff)
 	auto hash1 = nano::test::random_hash ();
 	auto rep1 = create_rep (9);
 	auto vote1 = nano::test::make_vote (rep1, { hash1 }, 3);
-	vote_cache.vote (vote1);
+	vote_cache.insert (vote1);
 	ASSERT_EQ (1, vote_cache.size ());
 	ASSERT_FALSE (vote_cache.find (hash1).empty ());
 
diff --git a/nano/node/active_transactions.cpp b/nano/node/active_transactions.cpp
index 8b8d28a9e8..aa816fa9eb 100644
--- a/nano/node/active_transactions.cpp
+++ b/nano/node/active_transactions.cpp
@@ -419,13 +419,9 @@ nano::election_insertion_result nano::active_transactions::insert (std::shared_p
 
 	if (result.inserted)
 	{
-		release_assert (result.election);
+		debug_assert (result.election);
 
-		auto cached = node.vote_cache.find (hash);
-		for (auto const & cached_vote : cached)
-		{
-			vote (cached_vote);
-		}
+		trigger_vote_cache (hash);
 
 		node.observers.active_started.notify (hash);
 		vacancy_update ();
@@ -442,8 +438,18 @@ nano::election_insertion_result nano::active_transactions::insert (std::shared_p
 	return result;
 }
 
+bool nano::active_transactions::trigger_vote_cache (nano::block_hash hash)
+{
+	auto cached = node.vote_cache.find (hash);
+	for (auto const & cached_vote : cached)
+	{
+		vote (cached_vote, nano::vote_source::cache);
+	}
+	return !cached.empty ();
+}
+
 // Validate a vote and apply it to the current election if one exists
-std::unordered_map<nano::block_hash, nano::vote_code> nano::active_transactions::vote (std::shared_ptr<nano::vote> const & vote)
+std::unordered_map<nano::block_hash, nano::vote_code> nano::active_transactions::vote (std::shared_ptr<nano::vote> const & vote, nano::vote_source source)
 {
 	std::unordered_map<nano::block_hash, nano::vote_code> results;
 	std::unordered_map<nano::block_hash, std::shared_ptr<nano::election>> process;
@@ -480,7 +486,7 @@ std::unordered_map<nano::block_hash, nano::vote_code> nano::active_transactions:
 
 		for (auto const & [block_hash, election] : process)
 		{
-			auto const vote_result = election->vote (vote->account, vote->timestamp (), block_hash);
+			auto const vote_result = election->vote (vote->account, vote->timestamp (), block_hash, source);
 			results[block_hash] = vote_result;
 
 			processed |= (vote_result == nano::vote_code::vote);
@@ -502,6 +508,8 @@ std::unordered_map<nano::block_hash, nano::vote_code> nano::active_transactions:
 		return results.find (hash) != results.end ();
 	}));
 
+	vote_processed.notify (vote, source, results);
+
 	return results;
 }
 
@@ -612,11 +620,7 @@ bool nano::active_transactions::publish (std::shared_ptr<nano::block> const & bl
 			blocks.emplace (block_a->hash (), election);
 			lock.unlock ();
 
-			auto cached = node.vote_cache.find (block_a->hash ());
-			for (auto const & cached_vote : cached)
-			{
-				vote (cached_vote);
-			}
+			trigger_vote_cache (block_a->hash ());
 
 			node.stats.inc (nano::stat::type::active, nano::stat::detail::election_block_conflict);
 		}
diff --git a/nano/node/active_transactions.hpp b/nano/node/active_transactions.hpp
index 091daea33e..5c2a07d928 100644
--- a/nano/node/active_transactions.hpp
+++ b/nano/node/active_transactions.hpp
@@ -152,7 +152,7 @@ class active_transactions final
 	 */
 	nano::election_insertion_result insert (std::shared_ptr<nano::block> const &, nano::election_behavior = nano::election_behavior::normal);
 	// Distinguishes replay votes, cannot be determined if the block is not in any election
-	std::unordered_map<nano::block_hash, nano::vote_code> vote (std::shared_ptr<nano::vote> const &);
+	std::unordered_map<nano::block_hash, nano::vote_code> vote (std::shared_ptr<nano::vote> const &, nano::vote_source = nano::vote_source::live);
 	// Is the root of this block in the roots container
 	bool active (nano::block const &) const;
 	bool active (nano::qualified_root const &) const;
@@ -189,6 +189,10 @@ class active_transactions final
 	void add_election_winner_details (nano::block_hash const &, std::shared_ptr<nano::election> const &);
 	std::shared_ptr<nano::election> remove_election_winner_details (nano::block_hash const &);
 
+public: // Events
+	using vote_processed_event_t = nano::observer_set<std::shared_ptr<nano::vote> const &, nano::vote_source, std::unordered_map<nano::block_hash, nano::vote_code> const &>;
+	vote_processed_event_t vote_processed;
+
 private:
 	// Erase elections if we're over capacity
 	void trim ();
@@ -201,6 +205,7 @@ class active_transactions final
 	std::vector<std::shared_ptr<nano::election>> list_active_impl (std::size_t) const;
 	void activate_successors (nano::store::read_transaction const & transaction, std::shared_ptr<nano::block> const & block);
 	void notify_observers (nano::store::read_transaction const & transaction, nano::election_status const & status, std::vector<nano::vote_with_weight_info> const & votes);
+	bool trigger_vote_cache (nano::block_hash);
 
 private: // Dependencies
 	nano::node & node;
diff --git a/nano/node/node.cpp b/nano/node/node.cpp
index 95916058db..3c1cf7b3a6 100644
--- a/nano/node/node.cpp
+++ b/nano/node/node.cpp
@@ -216,6 +216,10 @@ nano::node::node (std::shared_ptr<boost::asio::io_context> io_ctx_a, std::filesy
 		scheduler.optimistic.activate (account, account_info, conf_info);
 	});
 
+	active.vote_processed.add ([this] (std::shared_ptr<nano::vote> const & vote, nano::vote_source source, std::unordered_map<nano::block_hash, nano::vote_code> const & results) {
+		vote_cache.observe (vote, source, results);
+	});
+
 	if (!init_error ())
 	{
 		// Notify election schedulers when AEC frees election slot
diff --git a/nano/node/vote_cache.cpp b/nano/node/vote_cache.cpp
index 2e2d428a44..9f61192653 100644
--- a/nano/node/vote_cache.cpp
+++ b/nano/node/vote_cache.cpp
@@ -128,7 +128,25 @@ nano::vote_cache::vote_cache (vote_cache_config const & config_a, nano::stats &
 {
 }
 
-void nano::vote_cache::vote (std::shared_ptr<nano::vote> const & vote, std::function<bool (nano::block_hash const &)> const & filter)
+void nano::vote_cache::observe (const std::shared_ptr<nano::vote> & vote, nano::vote_source source, std::unordered_map<nano::block_hash, nano::vote_code> results)
+{
+	if (source == nano::vote_source::live)
+	{
+		insert (vote, [&results] (nano::block_hash const & hash) {
+			// This filters which hashes should be included in the vote cache
+			if (auto it = results.find (hash); it != results.end ())
+			{
+				auto result = it->second;
+				// Cache votes with a corresponding active election (indicated by `vote_code::vote`) in case that election gets dropped
+				return result == nano::vote_code::vote || result == nano::vote_code::indeterminate;
+			}
+			debug_assert (false);
+			return false;
+		});
+	}
+}
+
+void nano::vote_cache::insert (std::shared_ptr<nano::vote> const & vote, std::function<bool (nano::block_hash const &)> filter)
 {
 	auto const representative = vote->account;
 	auto const timestamp = vote->timestamp ();
@@ -138,6 +156,7 @@ void nano::vote_cache::vote (std::shared_ptr<nano::vote> const & vote, std::func
 
 	for (auto const & hash : vote->hashes)
 	{
+		// Using filter callback here to avoid unnecessary relocking when processing large votes
 		if (!filter (hash))
 		{
 			continue;
diff --git a/nano/node/vote_cache.hpp b/nano/node/vote_cache.hpp
index 4a939a2f96..b03d288ada 100644
--- a/nano/node/vote_cache.hpp
+++ b/nano/node/vote_cache.hpp
@@ -106,9 +106,14 @@ class vote_cache final
 	/**
 	 * Adds a new vote to cache
 	 */
-	void vote (
+	void insert (
 	std::shared_ptr<nano::vote> const & vote,
-	std::function<bool (nano::block_hash const &)> const & filter = [] (nano::block_hash const &) { return true; });
+	std::function<bool (nano::block_hash const &)> filter = [] (nano::block_hash const &) { return true; });
+
+	/**
+	 * Should be called for every processed vote, filters which votes should be added to cache
+	 */
+	void observe (std::shared_ptr<nano::vote> const & vote, nano::vote_source source, std::unordered_map<nano::block_hash, nano::vote_code>);
 
 	/**
 	 * Tries to find an entry associated with block hash
diff --git a/nano/node/vote_processor.cpp b/nano/node/vote_processor.cpp
index f78a994f3c..cb2610d0dc 100644
--- a/nano/node/vote_processor.cpp
+++ b/nano/node/vote_processor.cpp
@@ -176,7 +176,7 @@ nano::vote_code nano::vote_processor::vote_blocking (std::shared_ptr<nano::vote>
 		}
 		result = replay ? nano::vote_code::replay : (processed ? nano::vote_code::vote : nano::vote_code::indeterminate);
 
-		observers.vote.notify (vote_a, channel_a, result);
+		observers.vote.notify (vote, channel, result);
 	}
 
 	stats.inc (nano::stat::type::vote, to_stat_detail (result));