diff --git a/dag/main.yml b/dag/main.yml
index 44c2c297562..2c80ffed692 100644
--- a/dag/main.yml
+++ b/dag/main.yml
@@ -865,6 +865,17 @@ steps:
   data://grapher/wpf/2024-10-03/famines_by_place:
     - data://garden/wpf/2024-10-03/famines_by_place
 
+  data-private://meadow/owid/latest/population_explore:
+    - snapshot-private://owid/latest/population_explore.xlsx
+  data-private://garden/owid/latest/population_explore:
+    - data-private://meadow/owid/latest/population_explore
+    - data://garden/demography/2024-07-15/population
+    - data://garden/hyde/2017/baseline
+    - data://garden/gapminder/2019-12-10/population
+    - data://garden/un/2022-07-11/un_wpp
+  data-private://grapher/owid/latest/population_explore:
+    - data-private://garden/owid/latest/population_explore
+
   data-private://meadow/owid/latest/ig_countries:
     - snapshot-private://owid/latest/ig_countries.csv
   data-private://garden/owid/latest/ig_countries:
@@ -872,6 +883,7 @@ steps:
   data-private://grapher/owid/latest/ig_countries:
     - data-private://garden/owid/latest/ig_countries
 
+
 include:
   - dag/open_numbers.yml
   - dag/faostat.yml
diff --git a/etl/steps/data/garden/owid/latest/population_explore.countries.json b/etl/steps/data/garden/owid/latest/population_explore.countries.json
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..3acd3a047e2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/etl/steps/data/garden/owid/latest/population_explore.countries.json
@@ -0,0 +1,232 @@
+{
+  "Afghanistan": "Afghanistan",
+  "Albania": "Albania",
+  "Algeria": "Algeria",
+  "American Samoa": "American Samoa",
+  "Andorra": "Andorra",
+  "Angola": "Angola",
+  "Anguilla": "Anguilla",
+  "Antigua and Barbuda": "Antigua and Barbuda",
+  "Argentina": "Argentina",
+  "Armenia": "Armenia",
+  "Aruba": "Aruba",
+  "Australia": "Australia",
+  "Austria": "Austria",
+  "Azerbaijan": "Azerbaijan",
+  "Bahamas": "Bahamas",
+  "Bahrain": "Bahrain",
+  "Bangladesh": "Bangladesh",
+  "Barbados": "Barbados",
+  "Belarus": "Belarus",
+  "Belgium": "Belgium",
+  "Belize": "Belize",
+  "Benin": "Benin",
+  "Bermuda": "Bermuda",
+  "Bhutan": "Bhutan",
+  "Bolivia (Plurinational State of)": "Bolivia",
+  "Bosnia and Herzegovina": "Bosnia and Herzegovina",
+  "Botswana": "Botswana",
+  "Brazil": "Brazil",
+  "British Virgin Islands": "British Virgin Islands",
+  "Brunei Darussalam": "Brunei",
+  "Bulgaria": "Bulgaria",
+  "Burkina Faso": "Burkina Faso",
+  "Burundi": "Burundi",
+  "Cambodia": "Cambodia",
+  "Cameroon": "Cameroon",
+  "Canada": "Canada",
+  "Cape Verde": "Cape Verde",
+  "Cayman Islands": "Cayman Islands",
+  "Central African Republic": "Central African Republic",
+  "Chad": "Chad",
+  "Channel Islands": "Channel Islands",
+  "Chile": "Chile",
+  "China": "China",
+  "China, Hong Kong SAR": "Hong Kong",
+  "China, Macao SAR": "Macao",
+  "Colombia": "Colombia",
+  "Comoros": "Comoros",
+  "Congo": "Congo",
+  "Cook Islands": "Cook Islands",
+  "Costa Rica": "Costa Rica",
+  "Croatia": "Croatia",
+  "Cuba": "Cuba",
+  "Cyprus": "Cyprus",
+  "Czech Republic": "Czechia",
+  "C\u00f4te d'Ivoire": "Cote d'Ivoire",
+  "Democratic Republic of the Congo": "Democratic Republic of Congo",
+  "Denmark": "Denmark",
+  "Djibouti": "Djibouti",
+  "Dominica": "Dominica",
+  "Dominican Republic": "Dominican Republic",
+  "Ecuador": "Ecuador",
+  "Egypt": "Egypt",
+  "El Salvador": "El Salvador",
+  "Equatorial Guinea": "Equatorial Guinea",
+  "Eritrea": "Eritrea",
+  "Estonia": "Estonia",
+  "Ethiopia": "Ethiopia",
+  "Faeroe Islands": "Faroe Islands",
+  "Falkland Islands (Malvinas)": "Falkland Islands",
+  "Fiji": "Fiji",
+  "Finland": "Finland",
+  "France": "France",
+  "French Guiana": "French Guiana",
+  "French Polynesia": "French Polynesia",
+  "Gabon": "Gabon",
+  "Gambia": "Gambia",
+  "Georgia": "Georgia",
+  "Germany": "Germany",
+  "Ghana": "Ghana",
+  "Gibraltar": "Gibraltar",
+  "Greece": "Greece",
+  "Greenland": "Greenland",
+  "Grenada": "Grenada",
+  "Guadeloupe": "Guadeloupe",
+  "Guam": "Guam",
+  "Guatemala": "Guatemala",
+  "Guinea": "Guinea",
+  "Guinea-Bissau": "Guinea-Bissau",
+  "Guyana": "Guyana",
+  "Haiti": "Haiti",
+  "Holy See": "Vatican",
+  "Honduras": "Honduras",
+  "Hungary": "Hungary",
+  "Iceland": "Iceland",
+  "India": "India",
+  "Indonesia": "Indonesia",
+  "Iran (Islamic Republic of)": "Iran",
+  "Iraq": "Iraq",
+  "Ireland": "Ireland",
+  "Isle of Man": "Isle of Man",
+  "Israel": "Israel",
+  "Italy": "Italy",
+  "Jamaica": "Jamaica",
+  "Japan": "Japan",
+  "Jordan": "Jordan",
+  "Kazakhstan": "Kazakhstan",
+  "Kenya": "Kenya",
+  "Kiribati": "Kiribati",
+  "Kuwait": "Kuwait",
+  "Kyrgyzstan": "Kyrgyzstan",
+  "Lao People's Democratic Republic": "Laos",
+  "Latvia": "Latvia",
+  "Lebanon": "Lebanon",
+  "Lesotho": "Lesotho",
+  "Liberia": "Liberia",
+  "Liechtenstein": "Liechtenstein",
+  "Lithuania": "Lithuania",
+  "Luxembourg": "Luxembourg",
+  "Madagascar": "Madagascar",
+  "Malawi": "Malawi",
+  "Malaysia": "Malaysia",
+  "Maldives": "Maldives",
+  "Mali": "Mali",
+  "Malta": "Malta",
+  "Marshall Islands": "Marshall Islands",
+  "Martinique": "Martinique",
+  "Mauritania": "Mauritania",
+  "Mauritius": "Mauritius",
+  "Mayotte": "Mayotte",
+  "Mexico": "Mexico",
+  "Micronesia (Fed. States of)": "Micronesia (country)",
+  "Monaco": "Monaco",
+  "Mongolia": "Mongolia",
+  "Montenegro": "Montenegro",
+  "Montserrat": "Montserrat",
+  "Morocco": "Morocco",
+  "Mozambique": "Mozambique",
+  "Myanmar": "Myanmar",
+  "Namibia": "Namibia",
+  "Nauru": "Nauru",
+  "Nepal": "Nepal",
+  "Netherlands": "Netherlands",
+  "Netherlands Antilles": "Netherlands Antilles",
+  "New Caledonia": "New Caledonia",
+  "New Zealand": "New Zealand",
+  "Nicaragua": "Nicaragua",
+  "Niger": "Niger",
+  "Nigeria": "Nigeria",
+  "Niue": "Niue",
+  "Northern Mariana Islands": "Northern Mariana Islands",
+  "Norway": "Norway",
+  "Occupied Palestinian Territory": "Palestine",
+  "Oman": "Oman",
+  "Pakistan": "Pakistan",
+  "Palau": "Palau",
+  "Panama": "Panama",
+  "Papua New Guinea": "Papua New Guinea",
+  "Paraguay": "Paraguay",
+  "Peru": "Peru",
+  "Philippines": "Philippines",
+  "Poland": "Poland",
+  "Portugal": "Portugal",
+  "Puerto Rico": "Puerto Rico",
+  "Qatar": "Qatar",
+  "Republic of Korea": "South Korea",
+  "Republic of Moldova": "Moldova",
+  "Romania": "Romania",
+  "Russian Federation": "Russia",
+  "Rwanda": "Rwanda",
+  "R\u00e9union": "Reunion",
+  "Saint Helena": "Saint Helena",
+  "Saint Kitts and Nevis": "Saint Kitts and Nevis",
+  "Saint Lucia": "Saint Lucia",
+  "Saint Pierre and Miquelon": "Saint Pierre and Miquelon",
+  "Saint Vincent and the Grenadines": "Saint Vincent and the Grenadines",
+  "Samoa": "Samoa",
+  "San Marino": "San Marino",
+  "Sao Tome and Principe": "Sao Tome and Principe",
+  "Saudi Arabia": "Saudi Arabia",
+  "Senegal": "Senegal",
+  "Serbia": "Serbia",
+  "Seychelles": "Seychelles",
+  "Sierra Leone": "Sierra Leone",
+  "Singapore": "Singapore",
+  "Slovakia": "Slovakia",
+  "Slovenia": "Slovenia",
+  "Solomon Islands": "Solomon Islands",
+  "Somalia": "Somalia",
+  "South Africa": "South Africa",
+  "Spain": "Spain",
+  "Sri Lanka": "Sri Lanka",
+  "Sudan": "Sudan",
+  "Suriname": "Suriname",
+  "Swaziland": "Eswatini",
+  "Sweden": "Sweden",
+  "Switzerland": "Switzerland",
+  "Syrian Arab Republic": "Syria",
+  "TFYR Macedonia": "North Macedonia",
+  "Tajikistan": "Tajikistan",
+  "Thailand": "Thailand",
+  "Timor-Leste": "East Timor",
+  "Togo": "Togo",
+  "Tokelau": "Tokelau",
+  "Tonga": "Tonga",
+  "Trinidad and Tobago": "Trinidad and Tobago",
+  "Tunisia": "Tunisia",
+  "Turkey": "Turkey",
+  "Turkmenistan": "Turkmenistan",
+  "Turks and Caicos Islands": "Turks and Caicos Islands",
+  "Tuvalu": "Tuvalu",
+  "Uganda": "Uganda",
+  "Ukraine": "Ukraine",
+  "United Arab Emirates": "United Arab Emirates",
+  "United Kingdom": "United Kingdom",
+  "United Republic of Tanzania": "Tanzania",
+  "United States Virgin Islands": "United States Virgin Islands",
+  "United States of America": "United States",
+  "Uruguay": "Uruguay",
+  "Uzbekistan": "Uzbekistan",
+  "Vanuatu": "Vanuatu",
+  "Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)": "Venezuela",
+  "Viet Nam": "Vietnam",
+  "Wallis and Futuna Islands": "Wallis and Futuna",
+  "Western Sahara": "Western Sahara",
+  "Yemen": "Yemen",
+  "Zambia": "Zambia",
+  "Zimbabwe": "Zimbabwe",
+  "Dem. People's Republic of Korea": "North Korea",
+  "Libyan Arab Jamahiriya": "Libya",
+  "Other non-specified areas": "Others"
+}
diff --git a/etl/steps/data/garden/owid/latest/population_explore.meta.yml b/etl/steps/data/garden/owid/latest/population_explore.meta.yml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..31a30b27521
--- /dev/null
+++ b/etl/steps/data/garden/owid/latest/population_explore.meta.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+dataset:
+  update_period_days: 0
+  title: Population (Maddison exploration)
+  non_redistributable: true
+
+tables:
+  population_explore:
+    variables:
+      population:
+        title: Population
+        description_short: Population of countries
+        unit: "people"
+      population_omm:
+        title: Population (omm)
+        description_short: Population of countries
+        unit: "people"
+      population_hyde:
+        title: Population (HYDE)
+        description_short: Population of countries
+        unit: "people"
+      population_gm:
+        title: Population (gapminder)
+        description_short: Population of countries
+        unit: "people"
+        origins:
+          - title: Gapminder
+            url: https://www.gapminder.org/data/
+            producer: Gapminder
+      population_wpp:
+        title: Population (UN)
+        description_short: Population of countries
+        unit: "people"
+      diff:
+        title: Population difference
+        description_short: Population difference
+        unit: people
+
+      population_hyde_cut:
+        title: Population (HYDE), cut
+        description_short: Population of countries
+        unit: "people"
+      population_gm_cut:
+        title: Population (gapminder), cut
+        description_short: Population of countries
+        unit: "people"
+        origins:
+          - title: Gapminder
+            url: https://www.gapminder.org/data/
+            producer: Gapminder
+      population_wpp_cut:
+        title: Population (UN), cut
+        description_short: Population of countries
+        unit: "people"
diff --git a/etl/steps/data/garden/owid/latest/population_explore.py b/etl/steps/data/garden/owid/latest/population_explore.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..64128301579
--- /dev/null
+++ b/etl/steps/data/garden/owid/latest/population_explore.py
@@ -0,0 +1,198 @@
+"""Load a meadow dataset and create a garden dataset."""
+
+import owid.catalog.processing as pr
+
+from etl.data_helpers import geo
+from etl.helpers import PathFinder, create_dataset
+
+# Get paths and naming conventions for current step.
+paths = PathFinder(__file__)
+
+YEAR_MIN = 1790
+YEAR_MAX = 1955
+
+# Countries that are relevant for the analysis
+COUNTRIES_RELEVANT = [
+    "Afghanistan",
+    "Albania",
+    "Algeria",
+    "Andorra",
+    "Angola",
+    "Armenia",
+    "Azerbaijan",
+    "Bahrain",
+    "Bangladesh",
+    "Belarus",
+    "British Virgin Islands",
+    "Burundi",
+    "Cambodia",
+    "Cameroon",
+    "Central African Republic",
+    "Chad",
+    "Comoros",
+    "South Korea",
+    "North Korea",
+    "Democratic Republic of Congo",
+    "Djibouti",
+    "Eritrea",
+    "Falkland Islands",
+    "Gabon",
+    "Georgia",
+    "Germany",
+    "Guam",
+    "Iceland",
+    "India",
+    "Iran",
+    "Iraq",
+    "Iran",
+    "Ireland",
+    "Japan",
+    "Kazakhstan",
+    "Kenya",
+    "Kuwait",
+    "Kyrgyzstan",
+    "Laos",
+    "Latvia",
+    "Libya",
+    "Liechtenstein",
+    "Madagascar",
+    "Malawi",
+    "Mali",
+    "Marshall Islands",
+    "Mauritania",
+    "Micronesia (country)",  # TODO
+    "Namibia",
+    "Nauru",
+    "New Caledonia",
+    "New Zealand",
+    "Niger",
+    "Nigeria",
+    "Niue",
+    # "Northern Mariana Islands",  # TODO
+    # "Palestine",  # TODO
+    "Oman",
+    "Palau",
+    "Paraquay",
+    "Qatar",
+    # "Russia",  # TODO
+    "Rwanda",
+    "Reunion",
+    "Saint Helena",
+    "Saint Kitts and Nevis",
+    "Saint Lucia",
+    "Saint Pierre and Miquelon",
+    "Saint Vincent and the Grenadines",
+    "Samoa",
+    "San Marino",
+    "Sao Tome and Principe",
+    "Saudi Arabia",
+    "Senegal",
+    "Serbia",
+    "Sierra Leone",
+    "Slovakia",
+    "Solomon Islands",
+    "Somalia",
+    "South Africa",
+    "Sudan",
+    "Tajikistan",
+    "Thailand",
+    "Tonga",
+    "Turkmenistan",
+    "Uganda",
+    "Ukraine",
+    "United Arab Emirates",
+    "Uzbekistan",
+    "Vanuatu",
+    "Yemen",
+    "Zambia",
+]
+
+
+def standardize_tb(tb, tb_main, col_population: str = "population"):
+    tb = tb.loc[:, ["country", "year", "population"]]
+    tb = tb.loc[tb["country"].isin(tb_main["country"].unique())]
+    tb = tb.loc[(tb["year"] >= YEAR_MIN) & (tb["year"] <= YEAR_MAX)]
+    tb["population"] = tb["population"].round().astype("Int64")
+
+    tb = tb.rename(
+        columns={
+            "population": col_population,
+        }
+    )
+    return tb
+
+
+def run(dest_dir: str) -> None:
+    #
+    # Load inputs.
+    #
+    # Load meadow dataset.
+    ds_meadow = paths.load_dataset("population_explore")
+    ds_omm = paths.load_dataset("population", namespace="demography")
+    ds_hyde = paths.load_dataset("baseline")
+    ds_gm = paths.load_dataset("population", namespace="gapminder")
+    ds_wpp = paths.load_dataset("un_wpp")
+
+    # Read table from meadow dataset.
+    tb = ds_meadow["population_explore"].reset_index()
+    tb_omm = ds_omm["population"].reset_index()
+    tb_hyde = ds_hyde["population"].reset_index()
+    tb_gm = ds_gm["population"].reset_index()
+    tb_wpp = ds_wpp["population"].reset_index()
+
+    #
+    # Process data.
+    #
+    tb = geo.harmonize_countries(
+        df=tb,
+        countries_file=paths.country_mapping_path,
+    )
+
+    # Format OMM column
+    tb_omm = standardize_tb(tb_omm, tb, "population_omm")
+    # Format HYDE
+    tb_hyde = standardize_tb(tb_hyde, tb, "population_hyde")
+    # Format Gapminder
+    tb_gm = standardize_tb(tb_gm, tb, "population_gm")
+    # Format WPP
+    tb_wpp = tb_wpp[
+        (tb_wpp["age"] == "all")
+        & (tb_wpp["sex"] == "all")
+        & (tb_wpp["metric"] == "population")
+        & (tb_wpp["variant"] == "estimates")
+    ].rename(columns={"location": "country", "value": "population"})
+    tb_wpp = standardize_tb(tb_wpp, tb, "population_wpp")
+
+    # Merge
+    tb = pr.multi_merge(
+        tables=[tb, tb_omm, tb_hyde, tb_gm, tb_wpp],
+        on=["country", "year"],
+        how="outer",
+    )
+    tb["diff"] = tb["population"] - tb["population_omm"]
+
+    # Add cut versions
+    tb["population_hyde_cut"] = tb.loc[tb["year"] <= 1800, "population_hyde"]
+    tb["population_gm_cut"] = tb.loc[(tb["year"] >= 1801) & (tb["year"] <= 1950), "population_gm"]
+    tb["population_wpp_cut"] = tb.loc[tb["year"] >= 1950, "population_wpp"]
+
+    # Filter relevant countries
+    # tb = tb.loc[tb["country"].isin(COUNTRIES_RELEVANT)]
+
+    # Format
+    tb = tb.format(["country", "year"])
+
+    #
+    # Save outputs.
+    #
+    # Create a new garden dataset with the same metadata as the meadow dataset.
+    ds_garden = create_dataset(
+        dest_dir,
+        tables=[tb],
+        check_variables_metadata=True,
+        default_metadata=ds_meadow.metadata,
+        formats=["csv", "feather"],
+    )
+
+    # Save changes in the new garden dataset.
+    ds_garden.save()
diff --git a/etl/steps/data/grapher/owid/latest/population_explore.py b/etl/steps/data/grapher/owid/latest/population_explore.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..c2a096bb625
--- /dev/null
+++ b/etl/steps/data/grapher/owid/latest/population_explore.py
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+from etl.helpers import PathFinder, create_dataset
+
+paths = PathFinder(__file__)
+
+
+def run(dest_dir: str) -> None:
+    ds_garden = paths.load_dataset("population_explore")
+
+    tb = ds_garden["population_explore"]
+
+    ds_grapher = create_dataset(
+        dest_dir, tables=[tb], check_variables_metadata=True, default_metadata=ds_garden.metadata
+    )
+    ds_grapher.save()
diff --git a/etl/steps/data/meadow/owid/latest/population_explore.py b/etl/steps/data/meadow/owid/latest/population_explore.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..1ee8aa3f181
--- /dev/null
+++ b/etl/steps/data/meadow/owid/latest/population_explore.py
@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+"""Load a meadow dataset and create a garden dataset."""
+
+
+from etl.helpers import PathFinder, create_dataset
+
+# Get paths and naming conventions for current step.
+paths = PathFinder(__file__)
+
+
+def run(dest_dir: str) -> None:
+    #
+    # Load inputs.
+    #
+    # Load meadow dataset.
+    tb = paths.read_snap_table("population_explore.xlsx")
+    tb = tb.drop(index=range(0, 5))
+
+    tb = tb.melt(
+        id_vars=["source"],
+        var_name="country",
+        value_name="population",
+    ).rename(columns={"source": "year"})
+
+    # Scale
+    tb["population"] = (tb["population"] * 1000).astype(float).round().astype("Int64")
+
+    #
+    # Process data.
+    #
+    tb = tb.format(["country", "year"], short_name="population_explore")
+
+    #
+    # Save outputs.
+    #
+    # Create a new garden dataset with the same metadata as the meadow dataset.
+    ds_garden = create_dataset(
+        dest_dir,
+        tables=[tb],
+        check_variables_metadata=True,
+    )
+
+    # Save changes in the new garden dataset.
+    ds_garden.save()
diff --git a/snapshots/owid/latest/population_explore.py b/snapshots/owid/latest/population_explore.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..6af7d3655d3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/snapshots/owid/latest/population_explore.py
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+from pathlib import Path
+
+import click
+from structlog import get_logger
+
+from etl.snapshot import Snapshot
+
+# Version for current snapshot dataset.
+SNAPSHOT_VERSION = Path(__file__).parent.name
+
+# Log
+log = get_logger()
+
+
+########################################################################################################################
+# TODO: Temporarily using a local file until 2024 revision is released
+#  The download url should still be the same:
+#  https://population.un.org/wpp
+########################################################################################################################
+@click.command()
+@click.option("--upload/--skip-upload", default=True, type=bool, help="Upload dataset to Snapshot")
+@click.option("--path-to-file", type=str, help="Path to population local file.")
+def main(
+    upload: bool,
+    path_to_file: str | None = None,
+) -> None:
+    # Create a new snapshot.
+    snap = Snapshot(f"owid/{SNAPSHOT_VERSION}/population_explore.xlsx")
+
+    # Copy local data file to snapshots data folder, add file to DVC and upload to S3.
+    snap.create_snapshot(filename=path_to_file, upload=upload)
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    main()
diff --git a/snapshots/owid/latest/population_explore.xlsx.dvc b/snapshots/owid/latest/population_explore.xlsx.dvc
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..803aa8c62b7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/snapshots/owid/latest/population_explore.xlsx.dvc
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+# Learn more at:
+# http://docs.owid.io/projects/etl/architecture/metadata/reference/
+meta:
+  is_public: false
+
+  origin:
+    # Data product / Snapshot
+    title: pop
+    description: |-
+      pop
+    date_published: "2024"
+
+    # Citation
+    producer: "?"
+    citation_full: "Something here"
+
+    # Files
+    url_main: ""
+    date_accessed: 2024--11-06
+
+    # License
+    license:
+      name: Open Government Licence v3.0
+      url: https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/version/3/
+
+outs:
+  - md5: 50f6fdb368ab8068dbb19e5c029455a2
+    size: 435873
+    path: population_explore.xlsx