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v5_CN_RTMP ATC
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RTMP的热备怎么做?当边缘回源时,上层出现故障,可以切换到另外一个上层,所以RTMP热备只需要指定多个上层/源站就可以。边缘在故障切换时,会重新连接新服务器,客户端连接还没有断开,所以看起来就像是编码器重新推流了,画面最多抖动一下或者卡一下。
HLS热备怎么做?边缘从某个源站拿不到ts切片时,会去另外一个服务器拿。所以就要求两个上层的ts切片一样,当然如果上层服务器都从一个源站取片,是没有问题的。
如果HLS的源站需要做热备,怎么办?参考:Adobe: HDS/HLS热备,如下图所示:
+----------+ +----------+
+--ATC->-+ server +--ATC->-+ packager +-+ +---------+
+----------+ | RTMP +----------+ RTMP +----------+ | | Reverse | +-------+
| encoder +->-+ +->-+ Proxy +-->-+ CDN +
+----------+ | +----------+ +----------+ | | (nginx) | +-------+
+--ATC->-+ server +--ATC->-+ packager +-+ +---------+
RTMP +----------+ RTMP +----------+
实际上,adobe文中所说的是encoder输出的是ATC RTMP流,也没有packager直接server就打包了。如果你需要自己做打包,譬如基于ffmpeg写个工具,自定义HLS流的打包,编码器可以将ATC RTMP流推送到SRS,SRS会以ATC RTMP形式不修改时间戳分发给你的工具。
所以ATC RTMP说白了就是绝对时间,server需要能接入绝对时间,若切片在server上则根据绝对时间切片,若server和ReverseProxy之间还有切片工具,那server应该给切片工具绝对时间。
SRS默认ATC是关闭,即给客户端的RTMP流永远从0开始。若工具需要SRS不修改时间戳(只将sequence header和metadata调整为第一个音视频包的时间戳),可以打开ATC配置:
vhost __defaultVhost__ {
# for play client, both RTMP and other stream clients,
# for instance, the HTTP FLV stream clients.
play {
# vhost for atc for hls/hds/rtmp backup.
# generally, atc default to off, server delivery rtmp stream to client(flash) timestamp from 0.
# when atc is on, server delivery rtmp stream by absolute time.
# atc is used, for instance, encoder will copy stream to master and slave server,
# server use atc to delivery stream to edge/client, where stream time from master/slave server
# is always the same, client/tools can slice RTMP stream to HLS according to the same time,
# if the time not the same, the HLS stream cannot slice to support system backup.
#
# @see http://www.adobe.com/cn/devnet/adobe-media-server/articles/varnish-sample-for-failover.html
# @see http://www.baidu.com/#wd=hds%20hls%20atc
#
# default: off
atc off;
}
}
开启ATC之后,flash客户端播放SRS流时,流的起始时间不是0而是ATC时间。需要调整时间的包:
- sequence header: 调整为第一个音视频包的时间。若有gop cache,则调整为gop cache中的第一个音视频包的时间。
- metadata: 调整为第一个音视频包的时间。nginx-rtmp没有调整metadata包的时间(为0),所以平均每20次就有一次卡死。
经过测试,SRS打开和关闭ATC,flash播放器都能播放SRS的RTMP流。
编码器开启atc之后,若在metadata中自动写入"bravo_atc"="true",srs会自动的开启atc。
可以禁用这个功能:
vhost atc.srs.com {
# for play client, both RTMP and other stream clients,
# for instance, the HTTP FLV stream clients.
play {
# whether enable the auto atc,
# if enabled, detect the bravo_atc="true" in onMetaData packet,
# set atc to on if matched.
# always ignore the onMetaData if atc_auto is off.
# default: off
atc_auto off;
}
}
将自动atc关闭即可。
Winlin 2014.3
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