diff --git a/CHANGELOG.md b/CHANGELOG.md
index 8dcd57e796a..08a578eb922 100644
--- a/CHANGELOG.md
+++ b/CHANGELOG.md
@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ This project adheres to [Semantic Versioning](https://semver.org/spec/v2.0.0.htm
 - Move examples from `go.opentelemetry.io/otel` to this repository under `examples` directory. (#6158)
 - Support yaml/json struct tags for generated code in `go.opentelemetry.io/contrib/config`. (#5433)
 - Add support for parsing YAML configuration via `ParseYAML` in `go.opentelemetry.io/contrib/config`. (#5433)
+- Add support for temporality preference configuration in `go.opentelemetry.io/contrib/config`. (#5860)
 
 ### Changed
 
diff --git a/config/metric.go b/config/metric.go
index 38b294172fb..a95a4071a1a 100644
--- a/config/metric.go
+++ b/config/metric.go
@@ -28,6 +28,7 @@ import (
 	"go.opentelemetry.io/otel/metric/noop"
 	"go.opentelemetry.io/otel/sdk/instrumentation"
 	sdkmetric "go.opentelemetry.io/otel/sdk/metric"
+	"go.opentelemetry.io/otel/sdk/metric/metricdata"
 	"go.opentelemetry.io/otel/sdk/resource"
 )
 
@@ -167,6 +168,18 @@ func otlpHTTPMetricExporter(ctx context.Context, otlpConfig *OTLPMetric) (sdkmet
 	if len(otlpConfig.Headers) > 0 {
 		opts = append(opts, otlpmetrichttp.WithHeaders(otlpConfig.Headers))
 	}
+	if otlpConfig.TemporalityPreference != nil {
+		switch *otlpConfig.TemporalityPreference {
+		case "delta":
+			opts = append(opts, otlpmetrichttp.WithTemporalitySelector(deltaTemporality))
+		case "cumulative":
+			opts = append(opts, otlpmetrichttp.WithTemporalitySelector(cumulativeTemporality))
+		case "lowmemory":
+			opts = append(opts, otlpmetrichttp.WithTemporalitySelector(lowMemory))
+		default:
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("unsupported temporality preference %q", *otlpConfig.TemporalityPreference)
+		}
+	}
 
 	return otlpmetrichttp.New(ctx, opts...)
 }
@@ -210,10 +223,44 @@ func otlpGRPCMetricExporter(ctx context.Context, otlpConfig *OTLPMetric) (sdkmet
 	if len(otlpConfig.Headers) > 0 {
 		opts = append(opts, otlpmetricgrpc.WithHeaders(otlpConfig.Headers))
 	}
+	if otlpConfig.TemporalityPreference != nil {
+		switch *otlpConfig.TemporalityPreference {
+		case "delta":
+			opts = append(opts, otlpmetricgrpc.WithTemporalitySelector(deltaTemporality))
+		case "cumulative":
+			opts = append(opts, otlpmetricgrpc.WithTemporalitySelector(cumulativeTemporality))
+		case "lowmemory":
+			opts = append(opts, otlpmetricgrpc.WithTemporalitySelector(lowMemory))
+		default:
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("unsupported temporality preference %q", *otlpConfig.TemporalityPreference)
+		}
+	}
 
 	return otlpmetricgrpc.New(ctx, opts...)
 }
 
+func cumulativeTemporality(sdkmetric.InstrumentKind) metricdata.Temporality {
+	return metricdata.CumulativeTemporality
+}
+
+func deltaTemporality(ik sdkmetric.InstrumentKind) metricdata.Temporality {
+	switch ik {
+	case sdkmetric.InstrumentKindCounter, sdkmetric.InstrumentKindHistogram, sdkmetric.InstrumentKindObservableCounter:
+		return metricdata.DeltaTemporality
+	default:
+		return metricdata.CumulativeTemporality
+	}
+}
+
+func lowMemory(ik sdkmetric.InstrumentKind) metricdata.Temporality {
+	switch ik {
+	case sdkmetric.InstrumentKindCounter, sdkmetric.InstrumentKindHistogram:
+		return metricdata.DeltaTemporality
+	default:
+		return metricdata.CumulativeTemporality
+	}
+}
+
 func prometheusReader(ctx context.Context, prometheusConfig *Prometheus) (sdkmetric.Reader, error) {
 	var opts []otelprom.Option
 	if prometheusConfig.Host == nil {
diff --git a/config/metric_test.go b/config/metric_test.go
index ad45fbdf35f..cf2145be0fd 100644
--- a/config/metric_test.go
+++ b/config/metric_test.go
@@ -271,7 +271,7 @@ func TestReader(t *testing.T) {
 			wantErr: &url.Error{Op: "parse", URL: " ", Err: errors.New("invalid URI for request")},
 		},
 		{
-			name: "periodic/grpc-http-none-compression",
+			name: "periodic/otlp-grpc-none-compression",
 			reader: MetricReader{
 				Periodic: &PeriodicMetricReader{
 					Exporter: MetricExporter{
@@ -289,6 +289,86 @@ func TestReader(t *testing.T) {
 			},
 			wantReader: sdkmetric.NewPeriodicReader(otlpGRPCExporter),
 		},
+		{
+			name: "periodic/otlp-grpc-delta-temporality",
+			reader: MetricReader{
+				Periodic: &PeriodicMetricReader{
+					Exporter: MetricExporter{
+						OTLP: &OTLPMetric{
+							Protocol:    "grpc/protobuf",
+							Endpoint:    "localhost:4318",
+							Compression: ptr("none"),
+							Timeout:     ptr(1000),
+							Headers: map[string]string{
+								"test": "test1",
+							},
+							TemporalityPreference: ptr("delta"),
+						},
+					},
+				},
+			},
+			wantReader: sdkmetric.NewPeriodicReader(otlpGRPCExporter),
+		},
+		{
+			name: "periodic/otlp-grpc-cumulative-temporality",
+			reader: MetricReader{
+				Periodic: &PeriodicMetricReader{
+					Exporter: MetricExporter{
+						OTLP: &OTLPMetric{
+							Protocol:    "grpc/protobuf",
+							Endpoint:    "localhost:4318",
+							Compression: ptr("none"),
+							Timeout:     ptr(1000),
+							Headers: map[string]string{
+								"test": "test1",
+							},
+							TemporalityPreference: ptr("cumulative"),
+						},
+					},
+				},
+			},
+			wantReader: sdkmetric.NewPeriodicReader(otlpGRPCExporter),
+		},
+		{
+			name: "periodic/otlp-grpc-lowmemory-temporality",
+			reader: MetricReader{
+				Periodic: &PeriodicMetricReader{
+					Exporter: MetricExporter{
+						OTLP: &OTLPMetric{
+							Protocol:    "grpc/protobuf",
+							Endpoint:    "localhost:4318",
+							Compression: ptr("none"),
+							Timeout:     ptr(1000),
+							Headers: map[string]string{
+								"test": "test1",
+							},
+							TemporalityPreference: ptr("lowmemory"),
+						},
+					},
+				},
+			},
+			wantReader: sdkmetric.NewPeriodicReader(otlpGRPCExporter),
+		},
+		{
+			name: "periodic/otlp-grpc-invalid-temporality",
+			reader: MetricReader{
+				Periodic: &PeriodicMetricReader{
+					Exporter: MetricExporter{
+						OTLP: &OTLPMetric{
+							Protocol:    "grpc/protobuf",
+							Endpoint:    "localhost:4318",
+							Compression: ptr("none"),
+							Timeout:     ptr(1000),
+							Headers: map[string]string{
+								"test": "test1",
+							},
+							TemporalityPreference: ptr("invalid"),
+						},
+					},
+				},
+			},
+			wantErr: errors.New("unsupported temporality preference \"invalid\""),
+		},
 		{
 			name: "periodic/otlp-grpc-invalid-compression",
 			reader: MetricReader{
@@ -421,6 +501,86 @@ func TestReader(t *testing.T) {
 			},
 			wantReader: sdkmetric.NewPeriodicReader(otlpHTTPExporter),
 		},
+		{
+			name: "periodic/otlp-http-cumulative-temporality",
+			reader: MetricReader{
+				Periodic: &PeriodicMetricReader{
+					Exporter: MetricExporter{
+						OTLP: &OTLPMetric{
+							Protocol:    "http/protobuf",
+							Endpoint:    "localhost:4318",
+							Compression: ptr("none"),
+							Timeout:     ptr(1000),
+							Headers: map[string]string{
+								"test": "test1",
+							},
+							TemporalityPreference: ptr("cumulative"),
+						},
+					},
+				},
+			},
+			wantReader: sdkmetric.NewPeriodicReader(otlpHTTPExporter),
+		},
+		{
+			name: "periodic/otlp-http-lowmemory-temporality",
+			reader: MetricReader{
+				Periodic: &PeriodicMetricReader{
+					Exporter: MetricExporter{
+						OTLP: &OTLPMetric{
+							Protocol:    "http/protobuf",
+							Endpoint:    "localhost:4318",
+							Compression: ptr("none"),
+							Timeout:     ptr(1000),
+							Headers: map[string]string{
+								"test": "test1",
+							},
+							TemporalityPreference: ptr("lowmemory"),
+						},
+					},
+				},
+			},
+			wantReader: sdkmetric.NewPeriodicReader(otlpHTTPExporter),
+		},
+		{
+			name: "periodic/otlp-http-delta-temporality",
+			reader: MetricReader{
+				Periodic: &PeriodicMetricReader{
+					Exporter: MetricExporter{
+						OTLP: &OTLPMetric{
+							Protocol:    "http/protobuf",
+							Endpoint:    "localhost:4318",
+							Compression: ptr("none"),
+							Timeout:     ptr(1000),
+							Headers: map[string]string{
+								"test": "test1",
+							},
+							TemporalityPreference: ptr("delta"),
+						},
+					},
+				},
+			},
+			wantReader: sdkmetric.NewPeriodicReader(otlpHTTPExporter),
+		},
+		{
+			name: "periodic/otlp-http-invalid-temporality",
+			reader: MetricReader{
+				Periodic: &PeriodicMetricReader{
+					Exporter: MetricExporter{
+						OTLP: &OTLPMetric{
+							Protocol:    "http/protobuf",
+							Endpoint:    "localhost:4318",
+							Compression: ptr("none"),
+							Timeout:     ptr(1000),
+							Headers: map[string]string{
+								"test": "test1",
+							},
+							TemporalityPreference: ptr("invalid"),
+						},
+					},
+				},
+			},
+			wantErr: errors.New("unsupported temporality preference \"invalid\""),
+		},
 		{
 			name: "periodic/otlp-http-invalid-compression",
 			reader: MetricReader{