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LoRaWAN-SIM

A LoRaWAN simulator for confirmed/unconfirmed transmissions and multiple gateways

If you want to cite the simulator, you can use the following bib entries:

@article{zorbas2021optimal, AUTHOR = {Zorbas, Dimitrios and Caillouet, Christelle and Abdelfadeel Hassan, Khaled and Pesch, Dirk}, TITLE = {{Optimal Data Collection Time in LoRa Networks—A Time-Slotted Approach}}, JOURNAL = {Sensors}, VOLUME = {21}, YEAR = {2021}, NUMBER = {4} }

  • Downlink policies:

@inproceedings{zorbas2022policies, author = {Javed, Shahzeb and Zorbas, Dimitrios}, title = {{LoRaWAN Downlink Policies for Improved Fairness}}, booktitle = {IEEE Conference on Standards for Communications and Networking (CSCN '22)}, year = {2022}, pages = {1--6}, month = {Nov}, location={Thessaloniki, Greece}, publisher={IEEE} }

Features:

  • Multiple half-duplex gateways
  • 1% radio duty cycle for uplink transmissions
  • 1 or 10% radio duty cycle for downlink transmissions
  • Two receive windows (RX1, RX2) for ACKs and commands
  • Non-orthogonal SF transmissions
  • Capture effect
  • Path-loss signal attenuation model
  • Multiple channels
  • Collision handling for both uplink+downlink transmissions
  • Proper header overhead
  • Node energy consumption calculation (uplink+downlink)
  • ADR (Tx power adjustment)
  • Downlink policies
  • Adjustable packet size and rate

Dependencies:

Usage:

perl generate_terrain.pl terrain_side_size_(m) num_of_nodes num_of_gateways > terrain.txt
perl LoRaWAN.pl packets_per_hour simulation_time(secs) ack_policy(1-3) terrain.txt

Example with 1500x1500m terrain size, 100 nodes, 2 gateways, 1pkt/5min, ~3h sim time:

perl generate_terrain.pl 1500 100 2 > terrain.txt
perl LoRaWAN.pl 12 10000 2 terrain.txt

Output sample:

Simulation time = 9997.862 secs
Avg node consumption = 7.95017 mJ
Min node consumption = 5.84691 mJ
Max node consumption = 13.48866 mJ
Total number of transmissions = 4008
Total number of re-transmissions = 592
Total number of unique transmissions = 3316
Stdv of unique transmissions = 0.39
Total packets delivered = 3620
Total packets acknowledged = 3316
Total confirmed packets dropped = 0
Total unconfirmed packets dropped = 0
Packet Delivery Ratio = 1.00000
Packet Reception Ratio = 0.90319
No GW available in RX1 = 1944 times
No GW available in RX1 or RX2 = 156 times
Total downlink time = 509.405184000007 sec
Script execution time = 0.2465 secs
-----
GW A sent out 1381 acks
GW B sent out 2083 acks
Downlink fairness = 0.038
Avg number of retransmissions = 0.179
Stdev of retransmissions = 5.633
-----
# of nodes with SF7: 18
# of nodes with SF8: 21
# of nodes with SF9: 18
# of nodes with SF10: 31
# of nodes with SF11: 7
# of nodes with SF12: 5
Avg SF = 9.030
Avg packet size = 30.110 bytes

Generated image: