diff --git a/docs/pages/material-ui/api/button-group.json b/docs/pages/material-ui/api/button-group.json
index ef1eb072c05e1b..a89d57e49e857b 100644
--- a/docs/pages/material-ui/api/button-group.json
+++ b/docs/pages/material-ui/api/button-group.json
@@ -54,6 +54,7 @@
       "text",
       "disableElevation",
       "disabled",
+      "firstButton",
       "fullWidth",
       "vertical",
       "grouped",
@@ -73,7 +74,9 @@
       "groupedContainedHorizontal",
       "groupedContainedVertical",
       "groupedContainedPrimary",
-      "groupedContainedSecondary"
+      "groupedContainedSecondary",
+      "lastButton",
+      "middleButton"
     ],
     "globalClasses": { "disabled": "Mui-disabled" },
     "name": "MuiButtonGroup"
diff --git a/docs/translations/api-docs/button-group/button-group.json b/docs/translations/api-docs/button-group/button-group.json
index 4f813acc0ba716..d2479a7bb3dee2 100644
--- a/docs/translations/api-docs/button-group/button-group.json
+++ b/docs/translations/api-docs/button-group/button-group.json
@@ -56,6 +56,10 @@
       "nodeName": "the child elements",
       "conditions": "<code>disabled={true}</code>"
     },
+    "firstButton": {
+      "description": "Styles applied to {{nodeName}}.",
+      "nodeName": "the first button in the button group"
+    },
     "fullWidth": {
       "description": "Styles applied to {{nodeName}} if {{conditions}}.",
       "nodeName": "the root element",
@@ -151,6 +155,14 @@
       "description": "Styles applied to {{nodeName}} if {{conditions}}.",
       "nodeName": "the children",
       "conditions": "<code>variant=\"contained\"</code> and <code>color=\"secondary\"</code>"
+    },
+    "lastButton": {
+      "description": "Styles applied to {{nodeName}}.",
+      "nodeName": "the last button in the button group"
+    },
+    "middleButton": {
+      "description": "Styles applied to {{nodeName}}.",
+      "nodeName": "buttons in the middle of the button group"
     }
   }
 }
diff --git a/packages/mui-material/src/Button/Button.js b/packages/mui-material/src/Button/Button.js
index 5c1915b27e34c5..b287f9e603d545 100644
--- a/packages/mui-material/src/Button/Button.js
+++ b/packages/mui-material/src/Button/Button.js
@@ -296,17 +296,20 @@ const ButtonEndIcon = styled('span', {
   ...commonIconStyles(ownerState),
 }));
 
-const addPositionDataAttributes = (buttonGroupButtonContext) => {
-  if (buttonGroupButtonContext.isFirstButton && buttonGroupButtonContext.isLastButton) {
-    return {};
+const addClassNameBasedOnPosition = (buttonGroupButtonContext) => {
+  if (
+    buttonGroupButtonContext.firstButtonClassName &&
+    buttonGroupButtonContext.lastButtonClassName
+  ) {
+    return '';
   }
-  if (buttonGroupButtonContext.isFirstButton) {
-    return { 'data-first-child': '' };
+  if (buttonGroupButtonContext.firstButtonClassName) {
+    return buttonGroupButtonContext.firstButtonClassName;
   }
-  if (buttonGroupButtonContext.isLastButton) {
-    return { 'data-last-child': '' };
+  if (buttonGroupButtonContext.lastButtonClassName) {
+    return buttonGroupButtonContext.lastButtonClassName;
   }
-  return { 'data-middle-child': '' };
+  return buttonGroupButtonContext.middleButtonClassName;
 };
 
 const Button = React.forwardRef(function Button(inProps, ref) {
@@ -360,22 +363,21 @@ const Button = React.forwardRef(function Button(inProps, ref) {
     </ButtonEndIcon>
   );
 
-  let dataAttributes = {};
+  let positionClassName = '';
   if (buttonGroupButtonContext) {
-    dataAttributes = addPositionDataAttributes(buttonGroupButtonContext);
+    positionClassName = addClassNameBasedOnPosition(buttonGroupButtonContext);
   }
 
   return (
     <ButtonRoot
       ownerState={ownerState}
-      className={clsx(contextProps.className, classes.root, className)}
+      className={clsx(contextProps.className, classes.root, className, positionClassName)}
       component={component}
       disabled={disabled}
       focusRipple={!disableFocusRipple}
       focusVisibleClassName={clsx(classes.focusVisible, focusVisibleClassName)}
       ref={ref}
       type={type}
-      {...dataAttributes}
       {...other}
       classes={classes}
     >
diff --git a/packages/mui-material/src/ButtonGroup/ButtonGroup.js b/packages/mui-material/src/ButtonGroup/ButtonGroup.js
index acb36d5a84ecd7..3046786bd3cb22 100644
--- a/packages/mui-material/src/ButtonGroup/ButtonGroup.js
+++ b/packages/mui-material/src/ButtonGroup/ButtonGroup.js
@@ -28,6 +28,15 @@ const overridesResolver = (props, styles) => {
       [`& .${buttonGroupClasses.grouped}`]:
         styles[`grouped${capitalize(ownerState.variant)}${capitalize(ownerState.color)}`],
     },
+    {
+      [`& .${buttonGroupClasses.firstButton}`]: styles.firstButton,
+    },
+    {
+      [`& .${buttonGroupClasses.lastButton}`]: styles.lastButton,
+    },
+    {
+      [`& .${buttonGroupClasses.middleButton}`]: styles.middleButton,
+    },
     styles.root,
     styles[ownerState.variant],
     ownerState.disableElevation === true && styles.disableElevation,
@@ -56,6 +65,9 @@ const useUtilityClasses = (ownerState) => {
       `grouped${capitalize(variant)}${capitalize(color)}`,
       disabled && 'disabled',
     ],
+    firstButton: ['firstButton'],
+    lastButton: ['lastButton'],
+    middleButton: ['middleButton'],
   };
 
   return composeClasses(slots, getButtonGroupUtilityClass, classes);
@@ -82,106 +94,106 @@ const ButtonGroupRoot = styled('div', {
   }),
   [`& .${buttonGroupClasses.grouped}`]: {
     minWidth: 40,
-    '&[data-last-child],&[data-middle-child]': {
-      ...(ownerState.orientation === 'horizontal' && {
-        borderTopLeftRadius: 0,
-        borderBottomLeftRadius: 0,
-      }),
-      ...(ownerState.orientation === 'vertical' && {
-        borderTopRightRadius: 0,
-        borderTopLeftRadius: 0,
+    '&:hover': {
+      ...(ownerState.variant === 'contained' && {
+        boxShadow: 'none',
       }),
-      ...(ownerState.variant === 'outlined' &&
-        ownerState.orientation === 'horizontal' && {
-          marginLeft: -1,
-        }),
-      ...(ownerState.variant === 'outlined' &&
-        ownerState.orientation === 'vertical' && {
-          marginTop: -1,
-        }),
     },
-    '&[data-first-child],&[data-middle-child]': {
-      ...(ownerState.orientation === 'horizontal' && {
-        borderTopRightRadius: 0,
-        borderBottomRightRadius: 0,
+    ...(ownerState.variant === 'contained' && {
+      boxShadow: 'none',
+    }),
+  },
+  [`& .${buttonGroupClasses.firstButton},& .${buttonGroupClasses.middleButton}`]: {
+    ...(ownerState.orientation === 'horizontal' && {
+      borderTopRightRadius: 0,
+      borderBottomRightRadius: 0,
+    }),
+    ...(ownerState.orientation === 'vertical' && {
+      borderBottomRightRadius: 0,
+      borderBottomLeftRadius: 0,
+    }),
+    ...(ownerState.variant === 'text' &&
+      ownerState.orientation === 'horizontal' && {
+        borderRight: theme.vars
+          ? `1px solid rgba(${theme.vars.palette.common.onBackgroundChannel} / 0.23)`
+          : `1px solid ${
+              theme.palette.mode === 'light' ? 'rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.23)' : 'rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.23)'
+            }`,
+        [`&.${buttonGroupClasses.disabled}`]: {
+          borderRight: `1px solid ${(theme.vars || theme).palette.action.disabled}`,
+        },
       }),
-      ...(ownerState.orientation === 'vertical' && {
-        borderBottomRightRadius: 0,
-        borderBottomLeftRadius: 0,
+    ...(ownerState.variant === 'text' &&
+      ownerState.orientation === 'vertical' && {
+        borderBottom: theme.vars
+          ? `1px solid rgba(${theme.vars.palette.common.onBackgroundChannel} / 0.23)`
+          : `1px solid ${
+              theme.palette.mode === 'light' ? 'rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.23)' : 'rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.23)'
+            }`,
+        [`&.${buttonGroupClasses.disabled}`]: {
+          borderBottom: `1px solid ${(theme.vars || theme).palette.action.disabled}`,
+        },
       }),
-      ...(ownerState.variant === 'text' &&
-        ownerState.orientation === 'horizontal' && {
-          borderRight: theme.vars
-            ? `1px solid rgba(${theme.vars.palette.common.onBackgroundChannel} / 0.23)`
-            : `1px solid ${
-                theme.palette.mode === 'light' ? 'rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.23)' : 'rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.23)'
-              }`,
-          [`&.${buttonGroupClasses.disabled}`]: {
-            borderRight: `1px solid ${(theme.vars || theme).palette.action.disabled}`,
-          },
-        }),
-      ...(ownerState.variant === 'text' &&
-        ownerState.orientation === 'vertical' && {
-          borderBottom: theme.vars
-            ? `1px solid rgba(${theme.vars.palette.common.onBackgroundChannel} / 0.23)`
-            : `1px solid ${
-                theme.palette.mode === 'light' ? 'rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.23)' : 'rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.23)'
-              }`,
-          [`&.${buttonGroupClasses.disabled}`]: {
-            borderBottom: `1px solid ${(theme.vars || theme).palette.action.disabled}`,
-          },
-        }),
-      ...(ownerState.variant === 'text' &&
-        ownerState.color !== 'inherit' && {
-          borderColor: theme.vars
-            ? `rgba(${theme.vars.palette[ownerState.color].mainChannel} / 0.5)`
-            : alpha(theme.palette[ownerState.color].main, 0.5),
-        }),
+    ...(ownerState.variant === 'text' &&
+      ownerState.color !== 'inherit' && {
+        borderColor: theme.vars
+          ? `rgba(${theme.vars.palette[ownerState.color].mainChannel} / 0.5)`
+          : alpha(theme.palette[ownerState.color].main, 0.5),
+      }),
+    ...(ownerState.variant === 'outlined' &&
+      ownerState.orientation === 'horizontal' && {
+        borderRightColor: 'transparent',
+      }),
+    ...(ownerState.variant === 'outlined' &&
+      ownerState.orientation === 'vertical' && {
+        borderBottomColor: 'transparent',
+      }),
+    ...(ownerState.variant === 'contained' &&
+      ownerState.orientation === 'horizontal' && {
+        borderRight: `1px solid ${(theme.vars || theme).palette.grey[400]}`,
+        [`&.${buttonGroupClasses.disabled}`]: {
+          borderRight: `1px solid ${(theme.vars || theme).palette.action.disabled}`,
+        },
+      }),
+    ...(ownerState.variant === 'contained' &&
+      ownerState.orientation === 'vertical' && {
+        borderBottom: `1px solid ${(theme.vars || theme).palette.grey[400]}`,
+        [`&.${buttonGroupClasses.disabled}`]: {
+          borderBottom: `1px solid ${(theme.vars || theme).palette.action.disabled}`,
+        },
+      }),
+    ...(ownerState.variant === 'contained' &&
+      ownerState.color !== 'inherit' && {
+        borderColor: (theme.vars || theme).palette[ownerState.color].dark,
+      }),
+    '&:hover': {
       ...(ownerState.variant === 'outlined' &&
         ownerState.orientation === 'horizontal' && {
-          borderRightColor: 'transparent',
+          borderRightColor: 'currentColor',
         }),
       ...(ownerState.variant === 'outlined' &&
         ownerState.orientation === 'vertical' && {
-          borderBottomColor: 'transparent',
-        }),
-      ...(ownerState.variant === 'contained' &&
-        ownerState.orientation === 'horizontal' && {
-          borderRight: `1px solid ${(theme.vars || theme).palette.grey[400]}`,
-          [`&.${buttonGroupClasses.disabled}`]: {
-            borderRight: `1px solid ${(theme.vars || theme).palette.action.disabled}`,
-          },
-        }),
-      ...(ownerState.variant === 'contained' &&
-        ownerState.orientation === 'vertical' && {
-          borderBottom: `1px solid ${(theme.vars || theme).palette.grey[400]}`,
-          [`&.${buttonGroupClasses.disabled}`]: {
-            borderBottom: `1px solid ${(theme.vars || theme).palette.action.disabled}`,
-          },
+          borderBottomColor: 'currentColor',
         }),
-      ...(ownerState.variant === 'contained' &&
-        ownerState.color !== 'inherit' && {
-          borderColor: (theme.vars || theme).palette[ownerState.color].dark,
-        }),
-      '&:hover': {
-        ...(ownerState.variant === 'outlined' &&
-          ownerState.orientation === 'horizontal' && {
-            borderRightColor: 'currentColor',
-          }),
-        ...(ownerState.variant === 'outlined' &&
-          ownerState.orientation === 'vertical' && {
-            borderBottomColor: 'currentColor',
-          }),
-      },
-    },
-    '&:hover': {
-      ...(ownerState.variant === 'contained' && {
-        boxShadow: 'none',
-      }),
     },
-    ...(ownerState.variant === 'contained' && {
-      boxShadow: 'none',
+  },
+  [`& .${buttonGroupClasses.lastButton},& .${buttonGroupClasses.middleButton}`]: {
+    ...(ownerState.orientation === 'horizontal' && {
+      borderTopLeftRadius: 0,
+      borderBottomLeftRadius: 0,
     }),
+    ...(ownerState.orientation === 'vertical' && {
+      borderTopRightRadius: 0,
+      borderTopLeftRadius: 0,
+    }),
+    ...(ownerState.variant === 'outlined' &&
+      ownerState.orientation === 'horizontal' && {
+        marginLeft: -1,
+      }),
+    ...(ownerState.variant === 'outlined' &&
+      ownerState.orientation === 'vertical' && {
+        marginTop: -1,
+      }),
   },
 }));
 
@@ -245,8 +257,10 @@ const ButtonGroup = React.forwardRef(function ButtonGroup(inProps, ref) {
   );
 
   const buttonGroupPositionContext = (index, childrenParam) => ({
-    isFirstButton: index === 0,
-    isLastButton: index === React.Children.count(childrenParam) - 1,
+    firstButtonClassName: index === 0 ? classes.firstButton : '',
+    lastButtonClassName:
+      index === React.Children.count(childrenParam) - 1 ? classes.lastButton : '',
+    middleButtonClassName: classes.middleButton,
   });
 
   return (
diff --git a/packages/mui-material/src/ButtonGroup/ButtonGroupButtonContext.ts b/packages/mui-material/src/ButtonGroup/ButtonGroupButtonContext.ts
index 5d3b96c2da914b..dc5809a7c16cb5 100644
--- a/packages/mui-material/src/ButtonGroup/ButtonGroupButtonContext.ts
+++ b/packages/mui-material/src/ButtonGroup/ButtonGroupButtonContext.ts
@@ -1,8 +1,9 @@
 import * as React from 'react';
 
 interface ButtonGroupButtonContextType {
-  isFirstButton?: boolean;
-  isLastButton?: boolean;
+  firstButtonClassName?: string;
+  lastButtonClassName?: string;
+  middleButtonClassName?: string;
 }
 
 /**
diff --git a/packages/mui-material/src/ButtonGroup/buttonGroupClasses.ts b/packages/mui-material/src/ButtonGroup/buttonGroupClasses.ts
index 55dec11fdfe720..433083e3ae20f9 100644
--- a/packages/mui-material/src/ButtonGroup/buttonGroupClasses.ts
+++ b/packages/mui-material/src/ButtonGroup/buttonGroupClasses.ts
@@ -14,6 +14,8 @@ export interface ButtonGroupClasses {
   disableElevation: string;
   /** State class applied to the child elements if `disabled={true}`. */
   disabled: string;
+  /** Styles applied to the first button in the button group. */
+  firstButton: string;
   /** Styles applied to the root element if `fullWidth={true}`. */
   fullWidth: string;
   /** Styles applied to the root element if `orientation="vertical"`. */
@@ -54,6 +56,10 @@ export interface ButtonGroupClasses {
   groupedContainedPrimary: string;
   /** Styles applied to the children if `variant="contained"` and `color="secondary"`. */
   groupedContainedSecondary: string;
+  /** Styles applied to the last button in the button group. */
+  lastButton: string;
+  /** Styles applied to buttons in the middle of the button group. */
+  middleButton: string;
 }
 
 export type ButtonGroupClassKey = keyof ButtonGroupClasses;
@@ -69,6 +75,7 @@ const buttonGroupClasses: ButtonGroupClasses = generateUtilityClasses('MuiButton
   'text',
   'disableElevation',
   'disabled',
+  'firstButton',
   'fullWidth',
   'vertical',
   'grouped',
@@ -89,6 +96,8 @@ const buttonGroupClasses: ButtonGroupClasses = generateUtilityClasses('MuiButton
   'groupedContainedVertical',
   'groupedContainedPrimary',
   'groupedContainedSecondary',
+  'lastButton',
+  'middleButton',
 ]);
 
 export default buttonGroupClasses;