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ViewRootImpl.md

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ViewRootImpl概述

  1. WindowManager在添加窗口的时候会通过WindowManagerGlobal代理的addView方法来添加View
  2. 在这个addView方法中会实例化ViewRootImpl,并且通过ViewRootImpl.setView将Window的LayoutParams以及DecoreView传递给ViewRootImpl.
  3. WindowManagerGlobal的addView、removeView、updateView都是通过ViewRootImpl来执行的,调用流程为WindowManagerImpl -> WindowManagerGlobal -> ViewRootImpl
  4. ViewRootImpl的setView方法中会通过WindowSession的addToDisplay方法完成Window的添加
  5. WindowSession是一个Binder对象,实现类是Session,也就是说addToDisplay其实是一次IPC过程,调用了远程Session中的addToDisplay方法
  6. Session中的addToDisplay中又调用WindowManagerService的addWindow方法,即Window的添加请求最终是通过WindowManagerService来添加的。
  7. 在Activity的setContentView被调用的时候窗口还没有被添加到WindowManager中,只有在调用了Activity的handleResumeActivity方法才会将DecorView添加到WindowManager中。
  8. ViewRootImpl与Choreograhper配合负责执行View的绘制流程
  9. ImputManagerService->ViewRootimpl配合Choreograhper处理触摸事件的传递

ViewRootImpl是一个Android视图层次结构的顶部,是View和WindowManager的桥梁。ViewRootImpl与Choreographer协同完成View的绘制,也负责接收底层的触摸事件和对触摸事件的中转分发。

一、ViewRootImpl与窗口的添加

在WMS中提到WindowManager在添加窗口的时候会调用WindowManagerGlobal代理的addView方法来添加View。

// WindowManagerGlobal
public void addView(View view, ViewGroup.LayoutParams params,
            Display display, Window parentWindow) {
        ...
        ViewRootImpl root;
        View panelParentView = null;
        
        ...
        // 实例化ViewRootImpl    
        root = new ViewRootImpl(view.getContext(), display);
        view.setLayoutParams(wparams);
        mViews.add(view);
        mRoots.add(root);
        mParams.add(wparams);
        //将View添加到ViewRootImpl,开始绘制view
        root.setView(view, wparams, panelParentView);
        ...
    }

WindowManagerGlobal的addView、removeView、UpdateView都是通过ViewRootImpl来执行的。

调用的顺序为 WindowManagerImpl -> WindowManagerGlobal -> ViewRootImpl

而ViewRootImpl的setView如下:

    // ViewRootImpl 
    public void setView(View view, WindowManager.LayoutParams attrs, View panelParentView) {
                ...
                // 添加到Window前先调用requestLayout进行布局,确定收到任何系统事件后重新布局。  
                // requestLayout方法会完成View的绘制流程 
                requestLayout();
                ...
                try {
                    ...
                    // 通过WindowSession完成Window的添加
                    res = mWindowSession.addToDisplay(mWindow, mSeq, mWindowAttributes,
                            getHostVisibility(), mDisplay.getDisplayId(),
                            mAttachInfo.mContentInsets, mAttachInfo.mStableInsets,
                            mAttachInfo.mOutsets, mInputChannel);
                } 
    }

mWindowSession类型是IWindowSession,它是一个Binder对象,真正的实现类是Session,也就是说这其实是一次IPC过程,远程调用了Session中的addToDisPlay方法。

    @Override
    public int addToDisplay(IWindow window, int seq, WindowManager.LayoutParams attrs,
            int viewVisibility, int displayId, Rect outContentInsets, Rect outStableInsets,
            Rect outOutsets, InputChannel outInputChannel) {
        return mService.addWindow(this, window, seq, attrs, viewVisibility, displayId,
                outContentInsets, outStableInsets, outOutsets, outInputChannel);
    }

这里的mService就是WindowManagerService,也就是说Window的添加请求,最终是通过WindowManagerService来添加的。

Activity中的Window与ViewRootImpl

Activity的setContentView被调用时窗口还未被添加到WindowManager中,也就是此时的View不会开启测量绘制流程。当Activity的handleResumeActivity方法被调用时才会将DecorView添加到WindowManager。而在windowManager.addView方法中调用到windowManagerGlobal.addView,开始创建初始化ViewRootImpl。也就是上面添加Window的过程。

二、ViewRootImpl与View的绘制

ViewRootImpl的requestLayout开启View的绘制流程:

@Override
public void requestLayout() {
    if (!mHandlingLayoutInLayoutRequest) {
        // 检查线程是不是主线程,不是主线程则抛出异常
        checkThread();
        mLayoutRequested = true;
        // 开启绘制流程
        scheduleTraversals();
    }
}
    void scheduleTraversals() {
        if (!mTraversalScheduled) {
            mTraversalScheduled = true;
          	// 通过Handler发送同步屏障消息
            mTraversalBarrier = mHandler.getLooper().getQueue().postSyncBarrier();
            // 通过Choreographer发送一个Runnable,Choreographer接收到Vsync信号后通过异步消息执行Runnable
            mChoreographer.postCallback(
                    Choreographer.CALLBACK_TRAVERSAL, mTraversalRunnable, null);
            ...
    }
    final class TraversalRunnable implements Runnable {
        @Override
        public void run() {
            // 调用doTraversal开启View的绘制
            doTraversal();
        }
    }
void doTraversal() {
    if (mTraversalScheduled) {
        mTraversalScheduled = false;
        // 移除同步屏障,让非异步消息能够执行
        mHandler.getLooper().getQueue().removeSyncBarrier(mTraversalBarrier);
				// 在这里开启View的测量、布局、绘制三大流程
        performTraversals();

       ...
    }
}
private void performTraversals() {  
        // 测量  
        performMeasure(childWidthMeasureSpec, childHeightMeasureSpec);
        // 布局
        performLayout(lp, desiredWindowWidth, desiredWindowHeight);
        // 绘制
        performDraw();
        }
        ...
    }  

三、ViewRootImpl与事件分发

关于触摸事件时如何从驱动到APP的过程可以参考InputManagerService

ViewRootImpl接收到输入事件,

public void dispatchInputEvent(InputEvent event, InputEventReceiver receiver) {
    // InputEvent是接收到的输入事件,可能是KeyEvent,也可能是MotionEvent
    // InputEventReceiver用来接收输入事件
    SomeArgs args = SomeArgs.obtain();
    args.arg1 = event;
    args.arg2 = receiver;
    // MSG_DISPATCH_INPUT_EVENT
    Message msg = mHandler.obtainMessage(MSG_DISPATCH_INPUT_EVENT, args);
    msg.setAsynchronous(true);
    // 通过Handler将消息发送到UI线程
    mHandler.sendMessage(msg);
}

mHandler是ViewRootImpl的内部类ViewRootHandler,在接收到上述消息后对消息进行处理

   final class ViewRootHandler extends Handler {
        ...
        @Override
        public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
            switch (msg.what) {
                 ...
                case MSG_DISPATCH_INPUT_EVENT: {
                    SomeArgs args = (SomeArgs)msg.obj;
                    InputEvent event = (InputEvent)args.arg1;
                    InputEventReceiver receiver = (InputEventReceiver)args.arg2;
                    // 在UI线程中调用enqueueInputEvent
                    enqueueInputEvent(event, receiver, 0, true);
                    args.recycle();
                } break;
                ...
            }
        }
   }
  void enqueueInputEvent(InputEvent event,
            InputEventReceiver receiver, int flags, boolean processImmediately) {
        adjustInputEventForCompatibility(event);
        //将当前输入事件加入队列中排列等候执行
        QueuedInputEvent q = obtainQueuedInputEvent(event, receiver, flags);
        //输入事件添加进队列后,加入输入事件的默认尾部
        QueuedInputEvent last = mPendingInputEventTail;
        if (last == null) {
            mPendingInputEventHead = q;
            mPendingInputEventTail = q;
        } else {
            last.mNext = q;
            mPendingInputEventTail = q;
        }
        //队列计数
        mPendingInputEventCount += 1;
        ...
        //processImmediately则是判断是同步还是异步,前面我们在handler中调用的,因为是在UI线程,肯定是同步的,所以传递了参数是true,如果是异步,则调用到scheduleProcessInputEvents()
        if (processImmediately) {
            // 循环获取队列中的输入事件
            doProcessInputEvents();
        } else {
            // 最终通过Handler post出来,还是调用doProcessInputEvents方法
            scheduleProcessInputEvents();
        }
    }

上述代码是将消息封装成QueuedInputEvent,并加入链表的操作。QueuedInputEvent是一个链表结构,代码如下:

  private static final class QueuedInputEvent {
        ...
        public QueuedInputEvent mNext;
        public InputEvent mEvent;
        public InputEventReceiver mReceiver;
        ...
}

doProcessInputEvents代码如下:

void doProcessInputEvents() {
        //循环取出队列中的输入事件
        while (mPendingInputEventHead != null) {
            QueuedInputEvent q = mPendingInputEventHead;
            mPendingInputEventHead = q.mNext;
            ...
            mPendingInputEventCount -= 1;
            ...
            //分发处理
            deliverInputEvent(q);
        }

        //处理完所有输入事件,清楚标志
        if (mProcessInputEventsScheduled) {
            mProcessInputEventsScheduled = false;
            mHandler.removeMessages(MSG_PROCESS_INPUT_EVENTS);
        }
    }

通过deliverInputEvent进行分发:

 private void deliverInputEvent(QueuedInputEvent q) {
        //校验输入事件
        if (mInputEventConsistencyVerifier != null) {
            mInputEventConsistencyVerifier.onInputEvent(q.mEvent, 0);
        }

        InputStage stage;
        if (q.shouldSendToSynthesizer()) {
            stage = mSyntheticInputStage;
        } else {
            stage = q.shouldSkipIme() ? mFirstPostImeInputStage : mFirstInputStage;
        }

        if (stage != null) {
            stage.deliver(q);
        } else {
            finishInputEvent(q);
        }
    }

这里InputStage则是一个实现处理输入事件责任的阶段,提供一系列处理输入事件的方法。每种InputStage可以处理一定的事件类型,比如AsyncInputStage、ViewPreImeInputStage、ViewPostImeInputStage等。当一个InputEvent到来时,ViewRootImpl会寻找合适它的InputStage来处理。

InputStage会先调用deliver开始处理,最终调用onProcess方法。对于View的点击事件可以用ViewPostImeInputStage来处理,它的onProcess方法如下:

        @Override
        protected int onProcess(QueuedInputEvent q) {
            if (q.mEvent instanceof KeyEvent) {
                return processKeyEvent(q);
            } else {
                // If delivering a new non-key event, make sure the window is
                // now allowed to start updating.
                handleDispatchWindowAnimationStopped();
                final int source = q.mEvent.getSource();
                if ((source & InputDevice.SOURCE_CLASS_POINTER) != 0) {
                    // 判断是触摸事件调用该方法
                    return processPointerEvent(q);
                } else if ((source & InputDevice.SOURCE_CLASS_TRACKBALL) != 0) {
                    return processTrackballEvent(q);
                } else {
                    return processGenericMotionEvent(q);
                }
            }
        }
        private int processPointerEvent(QueuedInputEvent q) {
            // 触摸事件
            final MotionEvent event = (MotionEvent)q.mEvent;
						
            mAttachInfo.mUnbufferedDispatchRequested = false;
            // 调用DocerView的dispatchPointerEvent,将分发事件交给View
            boolean handled = mView.dispatchPointerEvent(event);
            ...
            return handled ? FINISH_HANDLED : FORWARD;
        }

View的dispatchPointerEvent代码如下:

 public final boolean dispatchPointerEvent(MotionEvent event) {
        if (event.isTouchEvent()) {
            // 如果是TouchEvent,则开启事件分发
            return dispatchTouchEvent(event);
        } else {
            return dispatchGenericMotionEvent(event);
        }
    }

https://www.jianshu.com/p/9da7bfe18374

https://www.jianshu.com/p/9e6c54739217